1、翻译硕士英语模拟试卷 22 及答案与解析一、Vocabulary1 She had a strong _ to give a talk about her experiences, because she didnt like the limelight.（A）disinclination（B） dissolution（C） dissidence（D）dissension2 The eye tends to see distance as _. In painting, this is sometimes called “the vanishing point“.（A）conforming（B
2、） comforting（C） contriving（D）converging3 The man went to prison, but the two boys _ with a warning.（A）took off（B） got off（C） kept off（D）set off4 Although her initial success was _ by the fact that she was the daughter of a famous actor, the critics later acclaimed her as a star in her own right.（A）e
3、nhanced（B） impeded（C） refuted（D）superseded5 Perhaps we should think in terms of raising interest rates _ them, in consideration of the new reports about inflation reported last June.（A）then reducing（B） and reduce（C） although reduce（D）rather than reducing6 The symphonys second movementslow, mournful,
4、 and _is based on a funeral march.（A）frivolous（B） effervescent（C） vicissitude（D）ephemeral7 Few of us take the pains to study our cherished convictions; indeed, we almost have a natural _ doing so.（A）aptitude for（B） repugnance to（C） ignorance of（D）reaction to8 If you wait for the _ moment to act, you
5、 may have never begun your project.（A）definitive（B） optimum（C） implacable（D）righteous9 My reading in later life has supplied me with some possible explanations of his _.（A）temperature（B） temperament（C） temptation（D）temperance10 _ ghost exists in the world. Thats your illusion.（A）No such a thing as（B
6、） No such a thing as a（C） No such thing as a（D）No such thing as11 I didnt like myself _ in that way.（A）to be praised（B） praised（C） be praised（D）to have been praised12 _ an answer, they decided to send an express telegram to them.（A）Received not（B） Having received not（C） Not having received（D）Not rec
7、eived13 During a war, many of the normal basic rights of the individual are _ in the national interest.（A）disregarded（B） infringed（C） suspended（D）stamped14 The _ of social security benefits often feel that they are contributing more than they in fact receive in terms of medical care, pensions, etc.（
8、A）receipts（B） receivers（C） recipients（D）payees15 Many diseases that used to be considered _ of mankind are now easily treatable with antibiotics.（A）scourges（B） blights（C） tortures（D）thorns16 Some historians believe that John Jay could have played _ in Americas history as James Madison.（A）as an impor
9、tant role（B） as important a role（C） an important role as（D）a role as important17 Cynics believe that people who _ compliments do so in order to be praised twice.（A）bask in（B） give out（C） gloat over（D）shrug off18 Technically, negotiation occurs between people who are interdependent, _ that the action
10、s of one patty affect those of the other party and vice versa.（A）as means（B） to mean（C） that means（D）meaning19 The Chairman was evidently _ by Jims words and glared at him for a few seconds.（A）put down（B） put across（C） put away（D）put out20 The local authorities realized the need to make _ tot elderl
11、y people in their housing programs.（A）provision（B） preparation（C） requirement（D）specification21 He was so _ in the TV program that he forgot to turn the oven off.（A）tarnished（B） revamped（C） engrossed（D）bequeathed22 Pennys _ speech given at the state competition won her the first prize.（A）promptitude
12、（B） impromptu（C） prorate（D）natant23 Overall, it is going to become much easier for people to communicate _ the Net Communicating with others in real time will soon be the norm.（A）by（B） in（C） over（D）onto24 I had never seen so many people with so many disabilities. I returned home, silently _. thinkin
13、g how fortunate we really were.（A）retrospective（B） introspective（C） perspective（D）prospective25 The Japanese dollar-buying makes traders eager to _ dollars in fear of another government intervention.（A）let in（B） let out（C） let go of（D）let off26 The Supreme Courts decisions on physician-assisted suic
14、ide carry important _ for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.（A）implications（B） complications（C） innovations（D）complexities27 As a rule, whats efficient in one place will be efficient in most other places, thus American businesses are fierce competitors _ they choose
15、to sell their product, having been formed in a competitive environment that breeds optimality.（A）whatever（B） whenever（C） wherever（D）however28 Allowing our cities to be _ by cars has progressively affected childrens independent mobility, for children have lost much of their freedom to explore their o
16、wn neighborhood or city.（A）pervaded（B） diffused（C） dominated（D）intervened29 When the young man realized that the police had spotted him, he made _ the exit as quickly as possible, only to find that two policemen were waiting outside.（A）off（B） from（C） towards（D）for30 Generous public funding of basic
17、science would _ considerable benefits for the countrys health, wealth and security.（A）result from（B） settle down（C） lie in（D）lead to二、Reading Comprehension30 The increase in leisure time, the higher standard of living, the availability of cars to a wider range of the population and, perhaps, a broad
18、ening of personal horizons have all contributed to a drastic change in the summer week-end habits of the British publiC. Now, on most Saturdays in the months loosely called summer, it is possible to see family saloons loaded with picnics and crammed to bursting with several generations of pleasure-b
19、ent Smiths. Like competitors in some grossly disorganized rally, they nose their way through the neat drab streets of council estates, converging on the main roads, then crawl as best they can out into the open country and towards the coast.Congestion and the frustration of wasting precious time at
20、the receiving end of someone elses exhaust fumes gets the pursuit of enjoyment off to had start; tempersbecome frayed. Children, traditionally the target for fathers ill-humor, are singled out for special treatment. The past weeks misdeeds are unearthed and magnified out of all reasonable proportion
21、; mothers leap to their broods defense and, before long, vows that never again will this outing be repeated are being hurled back and forth. Of course, by this time, the children have wisely extracted themselves from the argument and are quietly amusing themselves by looking at their irate elders or
22、 gaping at the unfamiliar sight of animals in fields, often so much stranger to them than the corresponding naked shapes they are wont to see in butchers windows.Eventually, tempers partially restored, the sea is in sight. The paraphernalia of enjoyment is set up on teeming beach, sand mysteriously
23、appears in every sandwich, pale industrial legs are exposed in self-conscious nakedness.The children drift away, quite capable of finding enough magic in this exciting, watery world to occupy them fully until they are gathered in again. Fathers and mothers, and quite possibly some members of a previ
24、ous generation, settle back to receive the sun and dream away the tensions brought to a climax by the journey. Fathers eye with furtive lustfulness and mothers glare with disapproval and envy as the shapely matrons of tomorrow splash and play and race coquettishly around them, spraying water and san
25、d and disturbing any hopes of peace.At length the shadows drop and chill in the air brings an end to the idyll. The lobster skin is painfully covered up and the days debris half-heartedly collected. The family is rounded up and the brief dreams trodden into the sand along with the wasted paper.31 Th
26、e writer suggests that tempers become frayed because _.（A）there are too many careless drivers on the roads（B） there are too many cars on the roads（C） the cars are crowded（D）the children are irritating32 How do the fathers react when angry?（A）They stop the children misbehaving.（B） They complain about
27、 the childrens wrongdoing.（C） They are easy to quarrel with the mothers.（D）They shout at their wives.33 What do they find when they finally stop?（A）There are sandwich stalls erected there.（B） There are factory workers sunbathing.（C） The beach is very crowded.（D）The beach is covered with a lot of par
28、aphernali34 Why are mothers liable to give disapproving looks?（A）They resent their husbands admiration of the intruders.（B） They are angry at being disturbed when they want peace and quiet.（C） They havent yet recovered from the effects of the journey.（D）They are jealous because these people are in b
29、etter shape than they ar35 When they prepare to leave, they _.（A）carefully pack away the lobsters they have caught（B） put plasters on the places where they have been hurt（C） cover over their debris with waste paper（D）dress carefully to avoid any further irritation35 Every market activity is an inves
30、tment in time, energy and money. Few companies would spend a large sum of money on, say, a purchase of capital equipment without a full investigation into why it is needed, the choices available, and the expected return on what has been spent. Yet every year the vast majority of companies invest a l
31、arge amount of money in marketing actions without knowing what their financial worth to the company or likely return will be. By introducing the disciplines arising from market planning, a company should be able to ensure that the costs of marketing planning show a reasonable return and are calculat
32、ed in the same way as all other business investments.Many managers believe that the costs of marketing form an additional expense that has to be accepted in order to sell their goods. Whilst it is true that many companies use certain tools of marketing for this purpose, it is also true that the most
33、 successful companies accept marketing as an essential part of the companys total commercial operation, for it is an essential cost in the same way as production or finance.Companies often avoid planning marketing procedures in detail because of the effort needed to express their forward policy in a
34、 written form. Managers commonly consider that their time is too valuable to spend on anything other than urgent operational problems. In fact, the manager who spends his time on dealing with current administrative detail is almost certain to have ignored proper planning in the past. For, if properl
35、y prepared, the marketing plan will contain sufficient details of the companys policy and operational strategy for the work to be done by an assistant. As the many alternative courses of action are programmed, the assistant takes any actions or decisions which are appropriate. Only unusual situation
36、s need be dealt with by the manager.The first step in preparing a marketing plan is that of producing the information necessary for decision making. Usually, a company will have within its own administration and control system the raw material necessary for the plans foundations. In addition, there
37、is plenty of published information which is made available by government departments, institutions and the press.Marketing research is yet to be fully exploited by the majority of companies. It has so far only been used by companies that have recognized that their existing information sources are in
38、adequate. Because of the scale of operations that now confronts the typical businessman, it is essential that investment decisions are based upon relevant information, so reducing the business risk.For a marketing-oriented activity to produce lasting results the entire operation has to be systematic
39、ally planned. By producing basic information in written form and establishing aims for the future, the company is creating standards against which actual performance can be measureD. Documentation of detailed policy actions then provides the basis for controlling the companys operation. Future trend
40、s may be predicted through the investigation of all factors likely to influence company results.36 The amount of money spent on marketing by most companies each year _.（A）equals the amount spent on capital equipment（B） does not give a good return on the investment（C） is not based on an assessment of
41、 its potential value（D）is viewed by these companies as an important business investment37 Managers usually regard the costs of marketing as _.（A）something which increases the cost of goods（B） helpful but not essential to a companys success（C） less important than investment in production（D）an unneces
42、sary extra business cost38 Why are marketing plans not written down by many managers?（A）They do not have time to do it.（B） They know it would be difficult to do.（C） They never follow any particular marketing plan.（D）They do not think it is really necessary39 Good marketing procedures allow a manager
43、 _.（A）to take different courses of action（B） to do less work than others（C） to avoid unforeseen problems（D）to give more responsibility to others40 How should a manager begin writing a marketing plan?（A）By doing market research outside the company.（B） By looking at information produced by other compa
44、nies.（C） By analyzing procedures already used by the company.（D）By finding information from many different sources.40 In addition to urge to conform which we generate ourselves, there is the external pressure of the various formal and informal groups we belong to, the pressure to back their ideas an
45、d attitudes and to imitate their actions. Thus our urge to conform receives continuing, even daily reinforcement. To be sure, the intensity of the reinforcement, like the strength of the urge and the ability and inclination to withstand it, differs widely among individuals. Yet some pressure is pres
46、ent for everyone. And in one way or another, to some extent, everyone yields to it.It is possible that a new member of a temperance group might object the groups rigid insistence that all drinking of alcoholic beverages is wrong. He might even speak out, reminding them that occasional, moderate drin
47、king is not harmful, that even the Bible speaks approvingly of it. But the group may quickly let him know that such ideas are unwelcome in their presence. Every time he forgets this, he will be made to feel uncomfortable. In time, if he values their companionship he will avoid expressing that point
48、of view. He may even keep himself from thinking.This kind of pressure, whether spoken or unspoken, can be generated by any group, regardless of how liberal or conservative, formal or casual it may be. Friday night poker clubs, churches, political parties, committees, fraternities, unions. The teenag
49、e gang that steals automobile accessories may seem to have no taboos. But let one uneasy member remark that he is beginning to feel guilty about his crimes and their wrath will descend on him.Similarly, in high school and college, the crowd a student travels with has certain (usually unstate D) expectations for its members. If they drink or smoke, they will often make the member who does
