1、考研英语模拟试卷 130（无答案）一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 It is an astonishing fact that there are laws of nature, rules that summarize conveniently (1)_ qualitatively but quantitativelyhow the
2、 world works. We might (2)_ a universe in which there are no such laws, in which the 1,080 elementary particles that (3)_ a universe like our own behave with utter and uncompromising abandon. To understand such a universe we would need a brain (4)_ as massive as the universe. It seems (5)_ that such
3、 a universe could have life and intelligence, because being and brains (6)_ some degree of internal stability and order. But (7)_ in a much more random universe there were such beings with an intelligence much (8)_ than our own, there could not be much knowledge, passion or joy.(9)_ for us, we live
4、in a universe that has at least important parts that are knowable. Our common sense experience and our evolutionary history have (10)_ us to understand something of the workaday world. When we go into other realms, however, common sense and ordinary intuition (11)_ highly unreliable guides. It is st
5、unning that as we go close to the speed of light our mass (12)_ indefinitely, we shrink toward zero thickness (13)_ the direction of motion, and time for us comes as near to stopping as we would like. Many people think that this is silly, and every week (14)_ I get a letter from someone who complain
6、s to me about it. But it is virtually certain consequence not just of experiment but also of Albert Einsteins (15)_ analysis of space and time called the Special Theory of Relativity. It does not matter that these effects seem unreasonable to us. We are not (16)_ the habit of traveling close to the
7、speed of light. The testimony of our common sense is suspect at high velocities.The idea that the world places restrictions on (17)_ humans might do is frustrating. Why shouldnt we be able to have intermediate rotational positions? Why cant we (18)_ faster than the speed of light? But (19)_ we can t
8、ell, this is the way the universe is constructed. Such prohibitions not only (20)_ us toward a little humility; they also make the world more knowable.（A）just（B） very（C） just not（D）not just（A）see（B） think（C） imagine（D）believe（A）make（B） make of（C） make up（D）make from（A）at least（B） at most（C） at last（
9、D）at the cost（A）likely（B） unlikely（C） really（D）unreal（A）want（B） need（C） require（D）acquire（A）unless（B） until（C） if（D）even if（A）more（B） larger（C） bigger（D）greater（A）Fortunately（B） Unfortunately（C） Happily（D）Unhappily（A）provided（B） prepared（C） armed（D）got ready（A）turn to（B） turn on（C） turn out to be（D）
10、turn away from（A）decreases（B） increases（C） reduces（D）adds（A）in（B） at（C） with（D）from（A）or two（B） and two（C） even two（D）of two（A）clever（B） wise（C） brilliant（D）intelligent（A）of（B） in（C） with（D）at（A）that（B） which（C） matter（D）what（A）go（B） walk（C） travel（D）run（A）if（B） unless（C） so far（D）so far as（A）press（
11、B） have（C） make（D）entailPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)21 The idea of humanoid robots is not new, of course. They have been part of the imaginative landscape ever since Karl Capek, a Czech Writer, first dream
12、ed them up for his 1921 play “Rossums Universal Robots“. (The word “robot“ comes from the Czech word for drudgery, robota.) Since then, Hollywood has produced countless variations on the theme, from the sultry False Maria in Fritz Langs silent masterpiece “Metropolis“ to the wittering C3PO in “Star
13、Wars“ and the ruthless assassin of “Terminator“. Humanoid robots have walked into our collective subconscious, colouring our views of the future.But now Japans industrial giants are spending billions of yen to make such robots a reality. Their new humanoids represent impressive feats of engineering:
14、 when Honda introduced Asimo, a four-foot robot that had been in development for some 15 years, it walked so fluidly that its white, articulated exterior seemed to conceal a human. Honda continues to make the machine faster, friendlier and more agile. Last October, when Asimo was inducted into the R
15、obot Hall of Fame in Pittsburgh, it walked on to the stage and accepted its own plaque.At two and a half feet tall, Sonys QRIO is smaller and more to like than Asimo. It walks, understands a small number of voice commands, and can navigate on its own. If it falls over, it gets up and resumes where i
16、t left off. It can even connect wirelessly to the internet and broadcast what its camera eyes can see. In 2003, Sony demonstrated an upgraded QRIO that could run. Honda responded last December with a version of Asimo that runs at twice the speed.In 2004, Toyota joined the fray with its own family of
17、 robots, called Partner, one of which is a four-foot humanoid that plays the trumpet. Its fingers work the instruments valves, and it has mechanical lungs and artificial lips. Toyota hopes to offer a commercial version of the robot by 2010. This month, 50 Partner robots will act as guides at Expo 20
18、05 in Aichi, Japan.Despite their sudden proliferation, however, humanoids are still a mechanical minority. Most of the worlds robots are faceless, footless and mute. They are bolted to the floors of factories, stamping out car parts or welding pieces of metal, machines making more machines. Accordin
19、g to the United Nations, business orders for industrial robots jumped 18% in the first half of 2004. They may soon be outnumbered by domestic robots, such as self-navigating vacuum cleaners, lawn mowers and window washers, which are selling fast. But neither industrial nor domestic robots are humano
20、id.21 In the first paragraph the author introduces his topic by relating（A）the idea of humanoid robots.（B） Karl Capeks creation of robots.（C） Hollywoods production of robot films.（D）the origin and popular films about robots.22 According to the description of the author, Asimo（A）is in the shape of a
21、human being.（B） is in the form of an animal instead of a human being.（C） seems more like a human being than a robot in appearance.（D）seems more like a machine than a human being in action.23 Sonys QRIO could carry out all the following work EXCEPT（A）walking freely as it wishes.（B） understanding a fe
22、w voice commands.（C） navigating automatically.（D）resuming walk when it falls over.24 From the passage we may infer that the Toyotas Partner（A）is much better than any other robots.（B） is no more than a mechanic device.（C） may be put into mass production.（D）may have some practical value.25 Judging fro
23、m the context, this passage is probably written（A）in 2004.（B） in 2005.（C） between 2003-2004.（D）between 2004-2005.26 If you are what you eat, then you are also what you buy to eat. And mostly what people buy is scrawled onto a grocery list, those ethereal scraps of paper that record the shorthand of
24、where we shop and how we feed ourselves. Most grocery lists end up in the garbage. But if you live in St. Louis, they might have a half-life you never imagined: as a cultural document, posted on the Internet.For the past decade, Bill Keaggy, 33, the features photo editor at The St. Louis Post-Dispat
25、ch, has been collecting grocery lists and since 1999 has been posting them online at www. Grocery lists, org. The collection, which now numbers more than 500 lists, is strangely addictive. The lists elicit two-fold curiosityabout the kind of meal the person was planning and the kind of person who wo
26、uld make such a meal. What was the shopper with vodka, lighters, milk and ice cream on his list planning to do with them? In what order would they be consumed? Was it a he or a she? Who had written “Tootie food, kitten chow, bird food stick, toaster scrambles, coffee drinks“? Some shoppers organize
27、their lists by aisle; others start with dairy, go to cleaning supplies and then back to dairy before veering off to Home Depot. A few meticulous ones note the price of every item. One shopper had written in large letters on an envelope, simply, “Milk“.The thin lines of ink and pencil jutting and loo
28、ping across crinkled and torn pieces of paper have a purely graphic beauty. One of lifes most banal duties, viewed through the curatorial lens, can somehow seem pregnant with possibility. It can even appear poetic, as in the list that reads “meat, cigs, buns, treats“.One thing Keaggy discovered is t
29、hat Dan Quayle is not alonefew people can spell bananas and bagels, let alone potato. One list calls for “suchi“ and “strimp“. “Some people pass judgment on the things they buy,“ Keaggy says. At the end of one list, the shopper wrote “Bud Light“ and then “good beer“. Another scribbled “good loaf of
30、white bread“. Some pass judgment on themselves, like the shopper who wrote “read, stay home or go somewhere, I act like my mom, go to Kentucky, underwear, lemon“. People send messages to one another, too. Buried in one list is this statement: “If you buy more rice, Ill punch you.“ And plenty of shop
31、pers, like the one with both ice cream and diet pills on the list, reveal their vices.26 What would people usually do with their grocery list after shopping?（A）Buying what it is scrawled on the paper.（B） Recording the shorthand of where we shop.（C） Throwing it into the dustbin.（D）Posting it on the I
32、nternet.27 Bill Keaggy collects grocery lists because（A）he wants to post them online.（B） he is curious about the list writers.（C） he tries to find out something behind them.（D）he does it for amusement.28 Was it a he or a she(Paragraph 2) may be replaced by（A）Who did it.（B） Who was the person who wro
33、te it.（C） Did he or she write it.（D）Was it written by a man or a women.29 Through studying grocery lists, Bill Keaggy finds that（A）Dan Quayle is the only person in misspelling.（B） fewer people can spell bananas and bagels correctly.（C） misspelling occurs most frequently in writing “potato“.（D）some p
34、eople misspell “sushi“ for “suchi“, and “shrimp“ for “strimp“.30 The last sentence of the passage implies that（A）ice cream and diet pills hide ones vices.（B） ice cream and diet pills are not good food.（C） plenty of shoppers do not buy their right grocery.（D）ones defects in character may be reflected
35、 on the grocery list.31 When I was a child in Sunday school, I would ask searching questions like “Angels can fly up in heaven, but how do clouds hold up pianos?“ and get the same puzzling response about how that was not important, what was important was that Jesus died for our sins and if we accept
36、ed him as our savior, when we died, we would go to heaven, where wed get everything we wanted. Some children in my class wondered why anyone would hang on a cross with nails stuck through his hands to help anyone else; I wondered how Santa Claus knew what I wanted for Christmas, even though I never
37、wrote him a letter. Maybe he had a tape recorder hidden in every chimney in the world.This literal-mindedness has stuck with me; one result of it is that I am unable to believe in God. Most of the other atheists I know seem to feel freed or proud of their unbelief, as if theyve cleverly refused to b
38、e sold snake oil. My husband, who was reared in a devout Catholic family and served as an altar boy, is also firmly grounded on this earth. He doesnt even have the desire to believe. So other than baptizing our son to reassure our families, weve skated over the issue of faith.Some people believe fai
39、th is a gift; for others, its a choice, a matter of spiritual discipline. I have a friend who was reared to believe, and he does. But his faith has wavered. He has struggled to hang onto it and to pass it along to his children. Another friend of mine never goes to church because shes a single mother
40、 who doesnt have the gas money. But she once told me about a day when she was washing oranges as the sun streamed onto them. As she peeled one, the smell rose to her face, and she felt she received the Holy Spirit. “He sank into my bones,“ she recounted. “I lifted my palms upward, feeling filled wit
41、h love.“Being no theologian, and not even a believer, I am not in a position to offer up theories, but mine is this: people who receive faith directly, as a spontaneous combustion of the soul, have fewer questions. They have been sparked with a faith that is more unshakable than that of those who ha
42、ve been taught.31 From the first paragraph of the passage we know that（A）the author was a Sunday school boy.（B） the author used to be puzzled at many things.（C） the school didnt teach the children enough knowledge.（D）tape recorders were popular in daily life.32 The word “his“ in “a cross with nails
43、stuck through his hands“(Paragraph 1) refers to（A）Jesus.（B） a childs.（C） anyones.（D）Santa Claus.33 It can be inferred from the second paragraph that（A）the author believes in God.（B） most people are atheists.（C） most American families baptize their babies.（D）the author has a religious family backgrou
44、nd.34 In the third paragraph the author uses the example of the single mother to indicate that faith（A）is a gift.（B） is a choice.（C） can be easily wavered.（D）is a spontaneous impulse.35 Which of the following may be the best title of the passage?（A）The Issue of Faith.（B） A Childs Fancy.（C） The Belie
45、f in God.（D）The Combustion of Soul.36 According to studies cited by the National Eating Disorders Association, 42 percent of girls in first through third grade want to be thinner, 81 percent of 10-year-olds are afraid of being fat, and 51 percent of 9-and 10-year-old girls feel better about themselv
46、es if they are on a diet.In many ways, this fixation on weight at ever earlier ages comes at an inopportune time physiologically. At a recent Hadassah meeting at the Woodlands Community Temple in White Plains, Dr. Marcie Schneider, the director of adolescent medicine at Greenwich Hospital, and Erica
47、 Leon, a registered dietitian, spoke about early adolescence as a time when a little hit of pudginess is necessary for proper growth, and youngsters wrestle constantly with their body image.“I cant tell you how many kids Ive seen whove been on the Atkins diet, or on the South Beach diet,“ Ms. Leon s
48、aid, adding that overweight children who try diets can be at risk of developing eating disorders.After the presentation, three mothers from Hartsdale who wanted to help their children avoid such issues spoke about how their young daughters are already beginning to become weight-conscious.Anorexia is
49、 a mental illness in which the victim eats barely enough to survive, because her distorted thinking makes her think she is fat. Bulimia, a mental illness in which someone binges on large amounts of food, then purges it through vomiting or the abuse of laxatives, is on the rise, and is surfacing in younger and younger patients, mostly girls, said Judy Scheel, the director of the Center for Eating Disorder Recovery in Mount Kisco.About 90 percent of victims of eating dis
