1、考研英语模拟试卷 311（无答案）一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century, it became an increasingly important mar
2、keting center for a vast agricultural hinterland. Market days【1】the crowded city even more crowded, as farmers from within a【2】of 24 or more kilometers brought their sheep, vegetables, cider and other products for direct sale to the【3】. The High Street Market was continuously【4】throughout the period
3、 until 1736,【 5】it【6】from Front Street to Third. By 1745 New Market was opened on Second Street. The next year the Callow Hill Market began【7】. Along with market days, the【8】of twice-yearly fairs persisted in Philadelphia【9】after similar trading days had been discontinued in other colonial cities. T
4、he【10 】provided a means of bringing handmade goods from【11】places to would-be buyers in the city. Linens and stockings from Germantown,【12】, were popular items. Auctions were another popular【13】 of trade. Because of the competition, retail【14】opposed these as well as the fairs.【15】governmental attem
5、pts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful, the ordinary【16】of economic development was on the merchantsside, as increasing business specialization became the【17】of the day. Export merchants became differentiated from their importing counterparts, and specialty shops began to appe
6、ar【18】general stores selling a variety of goods. One of the reasons Philadelphias merchants prospered was because the surrounding area was undergoing tremendous economic and demographic growth. They did their business,【19】, in the capital city of the province,【20】to not only the governor and his cir
7、cle, but citizens from all over the colony.（A）followed（B） saw（C） witted（D）increased（A）radiation（B） extent（C） radius（D）territory（A）townspeople（B） farmers（C） merchants（D）governors（A）envisioned（B） endangered（C） enriched（D）enlarged（A）that（B） what（C） how（D）when（A）varied（B） ranged（C） reached（D）differed（A）
8、operation（B） sale（C） cooperation（D）corporation（A）culture（B） institution（C） deed（D）malpractice（A）therefore（B） hardly（C） still（D）even（A）state（B） fairs（C） farmers（D）cities（A）outweighing（B） outreaching（C） outlying（D）outrageous（A）however（B） for example（C） moreover（D）in comparison（A）solution（B） format（C）
9、style（D）form（A）merchants（B） farmers（C） businessmen（D）citizens（A）Now that（B） Since（C） Although（D）If（A）course（B） trick（C） velocity（D）hatch（A）command（B） order（C） recommendation（D）sequence（A）in addition to（B） for the purpose of（C） with regard to（D）at the risk of（A）for all（B） above all（C） at all（D）after
10、all（A）resorting（B） turning（C） catering（D）committingPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 Many people seem to think that science fiction is typified by the covers of some of the old pulp magazines, the Bug-Eyed Mo
11、nster, embodying every trait and feature that most people find repulsive, is about to grab, and presumably ravish, a sweet, blonde, curvaceous, scantily clad Earth girl. This is unfortunate because it demeans and degrades a worthwhile and even important literary endeavor. In contrast to this unwarra
12、nted stereotype, science fiction rarely emphasizes sex, and when it does, it is more discreet than other contemporary fiction. Instead, the basic interest of science fiction lies in the relation between man and his technology and between man and the universe. Science fiction is a literature of chang
13、e and a literature of the future, and while it would be foolish to claim that science fiction is a major literary genre at this time, the aspects of human life that it considers make it well worth reading and studying for no other literary form does quite the same things. What is science fiction? To
14、 begin, the following definition should be helpful: science fiction is a literary subgenre which postulates a change (for human beings) from conditions as we know them and follows the implications of these changes to a conclusion. Although this definition will necessarily be modified and expanded, i
15、t covers much of the basic groundwork and provides a point of departure. The first point-that science fiction is a literary subgenre-is a very important one, but one which is often overlooked or ignored in most discussions of science fiction. Specifically, science fiction is either a short story or
16、a novel. There are only a few dramas which could be called science fiction, with Karel Capeks RUR (Rossums Universal Robots) being the only one that is well known, the body of poetry that might be labeled science fiction is only slightly larger. To say that science fiction is a subgenre of prose fic
17、tion is to say that it has all the basic characteristics and serves the same basic functions in much the same way as prose fiction in general, that is, it shares a great deal with all other novels and short stories. Everything that can be said about prose fiction, in general, applies to science fict
18、ion. Every piece of science fiction, whether short story or novel, must have a narrator, a story, a plot, a setting, characters, language, and theme. And like any prose, the themes of science fiction are concerned with interpreting mans nature and experience in relation to the world around him. Them
19、es in science fiction are constructed and presented in exactly the same ways that themes are dealt with in any other kind of fiction. They are the result of a particular combination of narrator, story, plot, character, setting, and language. In short, the reasons for reading and enjoying science fic
20、tion, and the ways of studying and analyzing it, are basically the same as they would be for any other story or novel.21 Science fiction is called a literary subgenre because_.（A）it is not important enough to be a literary genre（B） it cannot be made into a dramatic presentation（C） it shares characte
21、ristics with other types of prose fiction（D）to call it a “genre“ would subject it to literary jargon 22 The final sentence in the text implies that_.（A）the reader should turn next to commentaries on general fiction（B） there is no reason for any reader not to like science fiction（C） the reader should
22、 compare other novels and stories to science fiction（D）those who can appreciate prose fiction can appreciate science fiction 23 From the last paragraph, we know that people read science fiction especially for_.（A）the discovery of meaning（B） the beauty of language（C） the display of character（D）the ps
23、ychological complexity 24 An appropriate title for this passage would be_.（A）On the Inaccuracies of Pulp Magazines（B） Toward a Definition of Science Fiction（C） A Type of Prose Fiction（D）Beyond the Bug-Eyed Monster 25 According to the author, the popular image of science fiction is_.（A）prejudiced（B）
24、impartial（C） worthy（D）admiring 25 This book is written expressly for students in an attempt to present the material that is most useful and interesting to them. Previous courses in chemistry are not necessary for the understanding of the material, although those students who have had high school che
25、mistry will find that a review of the inorganic section will better enable them to master the organic and biochemistry sections that follow. The author has felt that in the past there was an improper selection of material from inorganic, organic, and biochemistry in the majority of the textbooks of
26、chemistry for nurse. The tendency has been to develop the inorganic chemistry to such an extent that organic and biochemistry is covered too briefly. The recent advances in biochemistry and their widespread application to the practice of medicine and nursing have considerably altered the situation.
27、Not only is biochemistry more closely allied to the practical chemistry of medicine and nursing but also it is of more interest to the student. In the authors experience the response to biochemistry has always been more favorable than to the other sections. Within the brief period allotted to chemis
28、try, therefore, the sections on inorganic, organic, and biochemistry should be so arranged that a good share of the time is spent in the study of biochemistry. This book presents mainly those fundamentals of inorganic and organic chemistry that are necessary for the understanding of the section on b
29、iochemistry. The fundamental points suggested in the Curriculum Guide are included in the book, with some additions in the biochemistry section. The author feels that a study of urine, vitamins, nutrition, and hormones is so obviously a part of biochemistry that at least the fundamentals should be i
30、ncluded in this course. The book has been planned in such a way that it may be adapted to various courses in chemistry. The material suggested by the Curriculum Guide is covered in the first nineteen chapters and may be used in accelerated courses or where minimum time is allotted to chemistry. When
31、 the time allotted to the course is sixty to ninety hours, the entire contents of the book may be used to advantage. While the book has been written especially to fit the needs of Schools of Nursing, it could readily be applied in instances where students are required to take but one course in chemi
32、stry. The apathetic attitude of nonprofessional students toward a course in inorganic chemistry may well be overcome by the proper presentation of material selected from inorganic, organic, and biochemistry. 26 Which of the following is TRUE about reading the book?（A）One must first review his high s
33、chool courses.（B） Previous courses in chemistry are necessary.（C） A good mastery of biochemistry is essential.（D）One neednt have studied chemistry before. 27 In the authors experience, the students are most interested in_.（A）chemistry as a whole（B） biochemistry（C） inorganic chemistry（D）organic chemi
34、stry 28 Para. 4 suggests that one characteristic of this book is its_.（A）vividness of the language（B） simplicity in presentation（C） adaptability to various needs（D）complexity of the plot 29 The authors attitude towards this book is_.（A）doubtful（B） critical（C） apathetic（D）approving 30 The purpose of
35、this book is_.（A）to provide students with helpful and interesting material（B） to preface the Curriculum Guide with a brief account of biochemistry（C） to present inorganic and organic chemistry in details（D）to raise nonprofessional students interests in chemistry 30 New claims for unemployment insura
36、nce dipped last week, suggesting that companies are laying off fewer workers as the budding economic recovery unfolds. The Labor Department reported on Thursday that for the work week ending April 27, new claims for jobless benefits went down by a seasonally adjusted 10,000 to 418,000, the lowest le
37、vel since March 23In another report, orders to U. S. factories rose for the fourth straight month, a solid 0.4 percent rise in March. The figure was largely boosted by stronger demand for unendurable goods, such as food, clothes, paper products and chemicals. Total unendurable goods were up 1.6 perc
38、ent in March, the biggest increase in two years. Orders also rose for some manufactured goods, including metals, construction machinery, household appliances and defense equipment. The report reinforces the view that the nations manufacturers-which sharply cut production and saw hundreds of thousand
39、s of jobs evaporate during the recession-are on the comeback trail. Stocks were rising again on Thursday. In the first half-four of trading, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 43 points and the Nasdaq index was up 14 points. In the jobless-claims report, even with the decline, a government anal
40、yst said, the level was inflated as a result of a technical fluke. The distortion is coming from a requirement that laid-off workers seeking to take advantage of a federal extension for benefits must summit new claims. Congress recently passed legislation signed into law by President Bush that provi
41、ded a 13-week extension of jobless benefits. The fluck has clouded the layoffs picture for several weeks. But the government analyst said the refilling requirement is having much less of an effect on the claims numbers than in previous weeks. The more stable four-week moving average of new claims, w
42、hich smoothes out weekly fluctuation, also fell last week to 435750, the lowest level since the beginning of April. But the number of workers continuing to receive unemployment benefits rose to 3.8 million for the work week ending April 20, evidence that people who are out of work are having trouble
43、 finding new jobs. Economists predict that job growth wont be strong enough in the coming months to prevent the nations unemployment rate-now at 5.7 percent-from rising. Many economists are forecasting a rise in Aprils jobless rate to 5.8 percent and estimating that businesses added around 55,000 jo
44、bs during the month. The government will release the April employment report on Friday. Even as the economy bounces back from recession, some economists expect the jobless rate will peak to just over 6 percent by June. That is because companies will be reluctant to quickly hire back laid-off workers
45、 until they are assured the recovery is here to stay. Given the fledging rebound, many economists expect the Federal Reserve to leave short-term interest rates-now at 40-year lows-unchanged when it meets on May 7The Fed adjusted interest rates 11 times in a row last year to rescue the economy from r
46、ecession, which began in May 2001.31 The fact that new claims for jobless benefits decreased shows that_.（A）the economy is well on its way to recovery（B） more jobless workers have found new jobs（C） companies have slowed down firing workers（D）unemployment rates fluctuate on a seasonal basis 32 What i
47、s the present situation of the manufacturing industry?（A）It is recovering.（B） It now suffers much setback.（C） It has opened up thousands of employment opportunities.（D）It has increased the production of unendurable goods. 33 In the first sentence of the second paragraph, the “ level“ refers to the l
48、evel of_.（A）unemployment（B） growth of production（C） new jobless claims（D）rise of the stocks 34 Which of the following was on the rise in April?（A）New claims for jobless benefits.（B） The number of workers laid off.（C） The number of people living on jobless benefits.（D）The number of people finding new
49、 jobs. 35 One result of the present budding economic recovery is the_.（A）reduction in unemployment rate（B） gradual rise of the interest rates（C） reduced new claims for unemployment insurance（D）reduction in inflation rate 35 Horse thieves, cattle rustlers, bank robbers, train and stagecoach robbers, highwaymen, murderers, these were but some of the criminals who infested the American frontier during the 19th century. In English legend Robin Hood can be considered a bandit, but the outlaws of the Old West were
