1、考研英语模拟试卷 301 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative person who is【1】only among those with whom he is ac
2、quainted. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous, even【2】. You have to take a commuter train any morning or evening to【3】 the truth of this.Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considere
3、d quite【4】.【5】, there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, once broken, makes the offender immediately the object of【6】.It has been known as a fact that a British has a【7】for the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it【8】.Some people a
4、rgue that it is because the British weather seldom【9】forecast and hence becomes a source of interest and【10】to everyone.This may be so.【11】a British cannot have much【12】in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong【 13】a cloud over the Atla
5、ntic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurate or as inaccurate as the weathermen in his【14】.Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references【15】weather that the British【16】to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greeti
6、ngs are【17】by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isnt it?” “Beautiful!” may well be heard instead of “Good morning, how are you?” Although the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is【18】.pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. If he wants to start a conversation with a
7、 British but is at a loss to know【19】to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will【20】an answer from even the most reserved of the British.（A）relaxed（B） frustrated（C） amused（D）exhausted （A）reserved（B） urgent（C） embarrassed（D）anxious （A）experience（B）
8、witness（C） watch（D）undergo （A）impolite（B） defensive（C） deliberate（D）offensive （A）Deliberately（B） Apparently（C） Frequently（D）Consequently （A）compassion（B） opposition（C） criticism（D）assault （A）emotion（B） fancy（C） likeliness（D）judgment （A）at length（B） to a great extent（C） from his heart（D）by all means
9、（A）follows（B） obeys（C） defies（D）supports （A）dedication（B） suspicion（C） contemplation（D）speculation （A）Usually（B） Generally（C） Certainly（D）Fundamentally （A）faith（B） hope（C） honor（D）credit （A）since（B） once（C） when（D）while （A）propositions（B） predictions（C） proposal（D）prophecy （A）about（B） on（C） in（D）to
10、（A）take（B） forecast（C） make（D）predict （A）started（B） replaced（C） conducted（D）proposed （A）reasonable（B） useful（C） worthwhile（D）meaningful （A）where（B） how（C） what（D）which （A）stimulate（B） constitute（C） furnish（D）provoke Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each tex
11、t by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 While its easy to get swept up in the commercialism at major sports events, one shouldnt ignore the transformative capacity of sport to produce social change. Historically, the potential for sports lies not with the values they promote, since they are invari
12、ably unjust and uneven. Instead, the possibilities that exist within sports are those that bridge divides between societies with radically different views of the world.The concept of an “Olympic Truce“ is noteworthy in terms of recognising the role of international non-governmental organizations (NG
13、Os) in influencing and brokering international relations. An Olympic Truce was launched on January 24, 1994 for the period of the Lillehammer Winter Games in an attempt to resolve the conflict in Yugoslavia. This Olympic Truce involved representatives from the World Health Organisation (WHO), UNICEF
14、, the Red Cross, the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, and the Norwegian Government. These groups evacuated coaches, athletes, and members of the national Olympic committee from Sarajevo so that they could compete in the Games.Many African runners have provided an exhilarating spectacle for global
15、audiences. Maria Mutola, the Mozambican former Olympic and five-time world indoor 800m champion and world record holder, routinely sends track winnings back to her country. Chamanchulo, the suburb of Maputo in which Mutola grew up, is ravaged by HIV, passed on in childbirth or breast milk to 40 perc
16、ent of the children. In 2003 when Mutola became the first athlete to collect 1million for outright victory on the Golden League Athletic Grand Prix Circuit, part of the cash went to the foundation she endowed to help provide scholarships, clothing, education, and coaching for young athletes. Farms a
17、nd small businesses have often been sustained by her winnings on the circuit, which have purchased tractors, fertilizer, and equipment to drill small wells.Catherine Astrid Salome Freeman became the first Aboriginal to represent Australia at the Olympics, at Barcelona in 1992 and became its first wo
18、rld champion and first Olympic champion. In doing so she became a symbol for reconciliation between a black and white Australia. Her grandmother, Alice Sibley, was one of the members of the so-called “stolen generation. “ She was taken from her parents at the age of eight by a reviled 1950s Australi
19、an government policy that removed Aboriginal children removed from their parents and resettled them with white families. Her Olympic success has perhaps helped to change the face of prejudice, almost a taboo subject in a modern Australia. She herself had become perhaps one of Australias greatest spo
20、rting icons but also a symbol of the struggle that aboriginal Australians had to endure in order to win social, civil, and political rights. 21 From the first paragraph, we know that the passage is going to center on the role of sports to_.（A）spread values（B） cause social changes（C） create different
21、 views（D）promote commercialism22 The example of Yugoslavia is quoted in paragraph 2 to show that sports can_.（A）provide aids（B） assist NGO development（C） support peace building（D）promote internationalism23 The example of Maria Mutola is used to prove that_.（A）people from underdeveloped regions can a
22、lso win championships with due help（B） many people like her can provide hope for other people（C） success will bring with it financial benefits（D）victory will come one after another once it gets started24 The word “reconciliation“ most probably means_.（A）the reestablishing of cordial relations（B） the
23、 process of separating（C） the regaining of a social statue（D）the formation of certain social values25 It can be inferred from the passage that in 1950s,_.（A）children from aboriginal families can not go to the same school with other children（B） aboriginal children have to leave their own families whe
24、n they reach a certain age（C） aboriginal children can not visit white families（D）all the aboriginal people have no rights at all25 Self-esteem is the collection of beliefs or feelings we have about ourselves, our “self-perceptions. “ How we define ourselves influences our motivations, attitudes, and
25、 behaviors and affects our emotional adjustment.Patterns of self-esteem start very early in life. For example, a toddler who reaches a milestone experiences a sense of accomplishment that bolsters self-esteem. Learning to roll over after dozens of unsuccessful attempts teaches a baby a “can-do“ atti
26、tude.The concept of success following persistence starts early. As kids try, fail, try again, fail again, and then finally succeed, they develop ideas about their own capabilities. At the same time, theyre creating a self-concept based on interactions with other people. This is why parental involvem
27、ent is important to helping kids form accurate, healthy self-perceptions.Self-esteem fluctuates as kids grow. Its frequently changed and fine-tuned, because it is affected by a childs experiences and new perceptions. So it helps to be aware of the signs of both healthy and unhealthy self-esteem. Kid
28、s with low self-esteem may not want to try new things, and may frequently speak negatively about themselves. They tend to be overly critical of and easily disappointed in themselves. Kids with low self-esteem see temporary setbacks as permanent, intolerable conditions, and a sense of pessimism predo
29、minates. Kids with healthy self-esteem tend to enjoy interacting with others. Theyre comfortable in social settings and enjoy group activities as well as independent pursuits. When challenges arise, they can work toward finding solutions and voice discontent without belittling themselves or others.H
30、ow can a parent help to foster healthy self-esteem in a child? Kids who dont feel safe or are abused at home will suffer immensely from low self-esteem. A child who is exposed to parents who fight and argue repeatedly may become depressed and withdrawn. Also watch for signs of abuse by others, probl
31、ems in school, trouble with peers, and other factors that may affect kids self-esteem. Deal with these issues sensitively but swiftly. And always remember to respect your kids.If you suspect your child has low self-esteem, consider doing something about it. Family and child counselors can work to un
32、cover underlying issues that prevent a child from feeling good about him or herself. Therapy can help kids learn to view themselves and the world positively. When kids see themselves in a more realistic light, they can accept who they truly are. With a little help, every child can develop healthy se
33、lf-esteem for a happier, more fulfilling life.26 The first paragraph intends to tell the readers_.（A）what self esteem is（B） some examples of self esteem（C） patterns of self-esteem start very early in life（D）how important self-esteem is for children27 The word “toddler“ (Line 1, Para. 2) most probabl
34、y means_.（A）very young child（B） teenager（C） adult（D）boy28 Which one of the following belongs to the characteristics of kids with low self-esteem?（A）They always want to try new things.（B） They frequently talk about themselves.（C） They are overly criticized for their mistakes.（D）They are easily disapp
35、ointed in themselves.29 The suggestion provided in paragraph 5 is_.（A）identify and redirect your childs inaccurate beliefs（B） create a safe, nurturing home environment（C） be spontaneous and affectionate（D）help kids become involved in constructive experiences30 What is the main idea of the last parag
36、raph?（A）Signals for low self-esteem.（B） Accept your children as who they are.（C） Finding professional help.（D）Function of family and child counselors.30 The Newhouse shelter in Kansas City has helped thousands of abused women and their children over the past 37 years. But last month, the women were
37、forced to move out and the staff started looking for new jobs. The reason was simple. While the need was there, the money was not. Dwindling charitable contributions tied to a broad U.S. economic slowdown mean fewer resources and hard choices for charities across the country.“People are holding tigh
38、t to their money,“ said Newhouse President Leslie Caplan, who estimated charitable contributions were down 200,000 this year compared to last year. That, combined with cuts in government grants, has severely squeezed the centers 1.3 million budget.As Americans struggling with rising unemployment and
39、 home foreclosures turn to charities for help, charities themselves are running into financial difficulties as donations dwindle. They are being forced to increase their outreach, hold more fund-raising events and seek out new donors to make ends meet. “The people who used to give us small amounts,
40、$10 or $15, that is going away. The people who have a lot of money still are able to give, but they are more selective in their giving,“ McIntyre said. “Its getting bad out there. “Philanthropic Giving Index, which measures prospects for charitable donations, has dropped to 83 on a scale of 100 from
41、 88 in December 2007, its lowest point since 2003. Rev. Cecil Williams noticed that donations to Glide Memorial United Methodist Church in San Francisco began falling off earlier this year, forcing him to cut meals, child care, and health care to the poor by up to 15 percent. Meanwhile, the lines fo
42、r help grow longer.Melissa Perez of La Habra, California, hosted a Brazilian student last year under the auspices of the Center for Cultural Interchange, a Chicago-based nonprofit that arranges for families to house and feed foreign students. “Everythings hard. Were very much pinched,“ said Perez, w
43、ho cannot afford to do it again this year because her familys manufacturing business is in trouble. Such experiences mean the Center for Cultural Interchange has not been able to find enough volunteers.“Business is not as good and they feel the pressure and that leads to a decline in giving,“ said B
44、ridges board member Inayat Malik. “How much people give depends on how secure they feel,“ Berman said. “I think well see an impact on personal giving this fall and winter, which is when most charitable organizations depend on generosity. “ The Newhouse shelter in Kansas City has helped thousands of
45、abused women and their children over the past 37 years. But last month, the women were forced to move out and the staff started looking for new jobs. The reason was simple. While the need was there, the money was not. Dwindling charitable contributions tied to a broad U.S. economic slowdown mean few
46、er resources and hard choices for charities across the country.“People are holding tight to their money,“ said Newhouse President Leslie Caplan, who estimated charitable contributions were down 200,000 this year compared to last year. That, combined with cuts in government grants, has severely squee
47、zed the centers 1.3 million budget.As Americans struggling with rising unemployment and home foreclosures turn to charities for help, charities themselves are running into financial difficulties as donations dwindle. They are being forced to increase their outreach, hold more fund-raising events and
48、 seek out new donors to make ends meet. “The people who used to give us small amounts, $10 or $15, that is going away. The people who have a lot of money still are able to give, but they are more selective in their giving,“ McIntyre said. “Its getting bad out there. “Philanthropic Giving Index, whic
49、h measures prospects for charitable donations, has dropped to 83 on a scale of 100 from 88 in December 2007, its lowest point since 2003. Rev. Cecil Williams noticed that donations to Glide Memorial United Methodist Church in San Francisco began falling off earlier this year, forcing him to cut meals, child care, and health care to the poor by up to 15 percent. Meanwhile, the lines for help grow longer.Melissa Perez of La Habra, California, hosted a Brazilian student last year under the auspices of the Center for Cul
