1、考研英语模拟试卷 324 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 German Chancellor Angela Merkel won over German voters in the Federal Election on Sept. 27. Can she now be won over by a French charm
2、 offensive【1】at repairing the relationship that was once at the heart of Europe? Thats the question being asked in Paris,【2】top government officials are【3】talking about their desire to rekindle closer ties【4】their neighbors across the Rhine.【5】the end of World War II the Franco-German relationship h
3、as been the motor of European integration, the【6】force behind the creation of the European Union and, more recently, the introduction of the euro. But the ardor has【7】in this decade, particularly under Merkel, who has regularly struggled to【8】her irritation with French President Nicolas Sarkozys gra
4、ndstanding. Sarkozy,【9】, has often been impatient with what he【10】Merkels lack of resolve. The sometimes【11】personal rapport is a long way from the public shows of affection their predecessors staged, particularly Helmut Kohl and FranCois Mitterrand, who movingly held【12】in 1984 in a Verdun cemetery
5、. Theres been tension on【13】, too. Charles Grant, director of the London-based think tank Centre for European Reform, points out that France and Germany have been【14】 on issues from how best to reflate their economies during the economic【15】to the smartest strategies for dealing with Russia. But inf
6、luential movers in France are now【16】to put the relationship back on a friendlier footing. In a recent paper French think tank Institute Montaigne【17】an ambitious agenda for the two nations,【18】that a new impetus is needed if Europes voice is to be heard in a world【19】of big new players, such as Bra
7、zil and India, and at a time when President Obama seems fax more【20】with China and the rest of Asia than with Americas traditional allies in Europe.（A）conducted（B） struck（C） intended（D）aimed （A）which（B） that（C） where（D）when （A）confidentially（B） openly（C） zealously（D）conservatively （A）towards（B） with
8、（C） against（D）off （A）Since（B） Before（C） At（D）For （A）armed（B） interruptive（C） influential（D）driving （A）deteriorated（B） aggravated（C） moderated（D）cooled （A）recover（B） discover（C） conceal（D）reveal （A）on the whole（B） in turn（C） on the other hand（D）on the contrary （A）constructs（B） convinces（C） conceals（D
9、）considers （A）sound（B） harmonious（C） tense（D）hostile （A）conferences（B） hands（C） opportunities（D）prejudices （A）principle（B） business（C） cooperation（D）policy （A）at the cost（B） at peace（C） at odds（D）at a loss （A）danger（B） war（C） crisis（D）time （A）eager（B） delighted（C） worried（D）reluctant （A）turned out（B
10、） laid out（C） made out（D）gave out （A）agreeing（B） criticizing（C） arguing（D）opposing （A）filled（B） lack（C） void（D）full （A）stimulated（B） preoccupied（C） concentrated（D）accustomed Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20
11、Cabinet meetings outside London are rare and reluctant things. Harold Wilson held one in Brighton in 1966, but only because the Labour Party was already there for its annual conference. In 1921 David Lloyd George summoned the Liberals to Inverness because he didnt want to cut short his holiday. Gord
12、on Browns decision to hold his first cabinet meeting after the summer break in Birmingham, on September 8th, was born of a nobler desire to show the almost nine tenths of Britons who live outside London that they are not ignored. He will have to do better: constitutionally, they are more sidelined n
13、ow than ever. Many legislatures use their second chamber to strengthen the representation of sparsely populated areas (every American state, from Wyoming to California, gets two votes in the Senate, for example). Britains House of Lords, most of whose members are appointed supposedly on merit, has t
14、he opposite bias. A survey by the New Local Government Network (NLGN), a think-tank, finds that London and two of its neighbouring regions are home to more peers than the rest of Britain combined; even Birmingham, the countrys second-largest city, has just one. Oddly, this distortion is partly thank
15、s to reforms that were supposed to make the Lords more representative. By throwing out most of the hereditary peers in 1999, Labour paved the way for a second chamber that was less posh, less white and less male than before. But in booting out the landed gentry, it also ditched many of those who cam
16、e from the provinces. The Duke of Northumberland (270th in the Sunday Timess “ Rich List“) may not be a member of a downtrodden minority. But Alnwick Castle, his family pile, is in the North-east region, home to just 2% of the Lords members now. Geographically speaking, the duke and his fellow toffs
17、 were champions of diversity. The government now wants to reintroduce some geographical fairness, but minus dukes. Long-incubated plans to reform the Lords would see it converted during the next parliament into a body that is mainly or entirely elected. A white paper in July outlined various elector
18、al systems, all based on regional or sub-regional constituencies. Some would like to see the seat of government prised out of the capital altogether, though in the past this has normally required a civil war or a plague. Southerners whisper that no one would show up if Parliament were based in a bac
19、kwater such as Manchester. But many dont now. The NLGN found that peers resident in Northern Ireland vote least often. But next from the bottom are the London-dwellers, who show up for less than a third of the votes on their doorstep. Even the eight who live abroad are more assiduous. The north may
20、seem an awfully long way away, but apparently so is Westminster. 21 Why will Gordon Brown hold his first cabinet in Birmingham?（A）Labour Party will have its annual conference there.（B） To tell citizens outside London that they are not ignored.（C） He did not want to cut short his holidays.（D）Many Bri
21、tish feel that they are more sidelined now than ever. 22 In most countries, what is the purpose of establishing the second chamber of the legislature?（A）To compromise with those who have vested interests in existing bodies and those who wish to have more rights and power in political life.（B） To be
22、more representative, as House of Lords usually consists of citizens from urban area while House of Commons usually come from rural.（C） To help allocate those with high merit as a result of civil service special treatment.（D）To ensure to the most possible extent that citizens all across the country m
23、ay enjoy the same right of claiming and being heard etc. 23 According to the text, which of the following is the reason of UK having such a population-basis distorted second chamber?（A）Seats in the Lords are mainly elected.（B） Citizens outside London care little about politics.（C） Endeavours trying
24、to change the situation went to the opposite.（D）Great London area possesses more political and economic resources. 24 What is governments measure in tackling such distortion?（A）Reform the Lords into a body that is mainly or entirely elected（B） Restrict the number of dukes in the Lords.（C） Allocate t
25、he number of MOP in the Lords more evenly in all the shires of UK.（D）Combine the two bodies of legislature into one. 25 What can we infer from the last paragraph?（A）People still think that political focus is in London.（B） London now enjoys less political focus than before.（C） Citizens in Northern Ir
26、eland have the highest political enthusiasm.（D）Westminster will not be the place for cabinet meetings in the future. 25 The haunting paintings of Helene Schjerfbeck, on show in the final leg of a travelling tour that has already attracted thousands of visitors in Hamburg and The Hague, may come as a
27、 surprise to many. Few outside the Nordic world would recognise the work of this Finnish artist who died in 1946 More people should. The 120 works have at their core 20 self-portraits, half the number she painted in all. The first, dated 1880, is of a wide-eyed teenager eager to absorb everything. T
28、he last is a sighting of the artists ghost-to-be; Schjerfbeck died the year after it was made. Together this series is among the most moving and accomplished autobiographies-in-paint. Precociously gifted, Schjerfbeck was 11 when she entered the Finnish Art Societys drawing school. “The Wounded Warri
29、or in the Snow“, a history painting, was bought by a private collector and won her a state travel grant when she was 17Schjerfbeck studied in Paris, went on to Pont-Aven, Brittany, where she painted for a year, then to Tuscany, Cornwall and St Petersburg. During her 1887 visit to St Ives, Cornwall,
30、Schjerfbeck painted “The Convalescent“. A child wrapped in a blanket sits propped up in a large wicker chair, toying with a sprig. The picture won a bronze medal at the 1889 Paris World Fair and was bought by the Finnish Art Society. To a modern eye it seems almost sentimental and is redeemed only b
31、y the somewhat stunned, melancholy expression on the childs face, which may have been inspired by Schjerfbecks early experiences. At four, she fell down a flight of steps and never fully recovered. In 1890, Schjerfbeck settled in Finland. Teaching exhausted her, she did not like the work of other lo
32、cal painters, and she was further isolated when she took on the care of her mother (who lived until 1923). “If I allow myself the freedom to live a secluded life“, she wrote, “then it is because it has to be that way. “ In 1902, Scherfbeck and her mother settled in the small, industrial town of Hyvi
33、nkaa, 50 kilometers north of Hetsinki. Isolation had one desired effect for it was there that Schjerfbeck became a modern painter. She produced still lives and landscapes but above all moody yet incisive portraits of her mother, local school girls, women workers in town (profiles of a pensive, arist
34、ocratic looking seamstress dressed in black stand out ). And of course she painted herself. Comparisons have been made with James McNeill Whistler and Edvard Munch. But from 1905, her pictures became pure Schjerfbeck. “I have always searched for the dense depths of the soul, that have not yet discov
35、ered themselves“, she wrote, “where everything is still unconscious-there one can make the greatest discoveries. “ She experimented with different kinds of underpainting, scraped and rubbed, made bright rosy red spots; doing whatever had to be done to capture the subconscious-her own and that of her
36、 models. In 1913, Schjerfbeck was rediscovered by an art dealer and journalist, Gosta Stenman. Once again she was a success. Retrospectives, touring exhibitions and a biography followed, yet Schjerfbeck remained little known outside Scandinavia. Th_at may have had something to do with her indifferen
37、ce to her renown. “I am nothing, absolutely nothing“, she wrote. “All I want to do is paint“. Schjerfbeck was possessed of a unique vision, and it is time the world recognised that.26 What does “More people should“ in the first paragraph mean?（A）More people should be able to recognise the work.（B） M
38、ore people will not be able to recognise the painter.（C） More people should go to the exhibition.（D）More people should know the painter is Finnish. 27 Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?（A）Schjerfbeck started to learn painting when she was 10.（B） Schjerfbeck presented “The Wounded
39、Warrior in the Snow“ to the school.（C） Schjerfbeck went to many countries, including Greece, on her travel grant.（D）Schjerfbeck stayed in France for a year. 28 Why did Schjerfbeck choose to live a secluded life?（A）She was exhausted by her teaching job.（B） Her personality preferred this kind of life
40、style.（C） She could not appreciate the work of the other local painters.（D）Her mothers health condition required her to adopt such a fife style. 29 Which of the following may be the reason why Schjerfbeck remained little known outside the Nordic world?（A）She did not make efforts to publicize her wor
41、ks.（B） She knew that her works would gain worldwide recognition one day.（C） She only cared about her painting instead of personal fame.（D）The last thing she was interested in was to have people disturb her. 30 We can infer from the text that the most outstanding characteristics of Schjerfbecks paint
42、ings is_.（A）her vivid characterization of common people（B） her capture of the characters soul（C） the melancholy expression of the characters（D）her unconscious sense of some mysterious elements 30 Most firms annual general meetings (AGMs) owe more to North Korea than ancient Greece. By long-standing
43、tradition, bosses make platitudinous speeches, listen to lone dissidents with the air of psychiatric nurses towards patients and wait for their own proposals to be rubber-stamped by the proxy votes of obedient institutional investors. According to Manifest, a shareholder-advice firm, 97% of votes ca
44、st across Europe last year backed management. So should corporate democrats be cheered by the rebellion over pay at Royal Dutch Shell? At the oil giants AGM on May 19th, 59% of voting shareholders sided against pay packages for top executives. In particular they disliked 4.2 million ($ 5.8 million)
45、in shares dished out to five executives, which comprised about 12% of their total pay for 2008Under the firms rules, such awards should be granted only if Shells total return in the year is in the top three of its peer group. In 2007 and 2008, Shell came a very close fourth, so the firm decided to p
46、ay out anyway. Shell is hardly a poster child for malfeasance: it is performing well, its pay is similar to that at other big oil firms and its shareholders previously gave directors discretion to bend the rules. They have used it to cut pay in the past. Still, although the vote is not binding, it i
47、s seriously embarrassing. The turnout was decent, at about 50%, and several big fund managers were clearly furious. The payouts have already been made and probably cannot be reversed, but Shell will be in disgrace for a while. Jorma Ollila, its chairman, said he took the vote “very seriously“ and pr
48、omised to “reflect carefully“. After GSK, a British drugs firm, had a rebellion on pay in 2003, it completely redrew its pay policy. It is not just Shell that is facing unrest. Rough markets and a wider political uproar over pay have fuelled discontent across corporate Europe. Almost half of the vot
49、ing shareholders at BP, another oil giant, failed to support its pay policies in April. At Rio Tinto, a mining firm with a habit of digging holes for itself, a fifth of voting shareholders rejected its remuneration policy. So far this year 15% of votes cast on pay in Britain have dissented, compared with 7% last year. In continental Europe owners are grumpy, too: in February almost a third of voting shareholders at Novartis, a Swiss drugs firm, demanded the right to approve its remuneration policy each year. But taking bosses to task for their ever-esc
