1、考研英语（一）模拟试卷 162 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 In their quest to build profitable and more far-reaching digital audiences, publishers in the US and Europe have turned to the wor
2、lds largest 【B1】_ network for help. Nine media organisations, 【B2】_ the BBC through its youth-oriented Newsbeat service, the Guardian and the New York Times, have【B3】_a deal with Facebook to publish some of their【B4】_directly through the social network rather than 【B5】 _ hosting it on their own site
3、s as part of a trial.The 【B6 】_ comes as increasing numbers of readers rely on the social network as the main site【B7】_which they receive news. Facebook wants not only to 【B8】 _ users to news sites【B9】_to be the lace where they stay and consume it, too. Facebook already【B10】_nearly 20 per cent of th
4、e uardians web traffic, excluding visits to its own apps, and about 15 per cent of【B11】_to the New York Times site.The Facebook deal follows complaints by some【B12】_that internet groups such as Google and Facebook【B13】_their own online businesses. Rupert Murdoch s News Corp,【B14】_, a critic of Googl
5、e and Facebook, is not participating. Others have【B15】_concern that Facebook would have too much power【B16 】 _which stories appear and where they are placed.Facebook said the【B17】_would give publishers “control over their stories, brand experience and profit opportunities“, including【B18】_to some us
6、er data. Online sharing of news articles has already【B19】_some readers away from publishers【B20】_pages towards social media sites.1 【B1 】（A）television（B） social（C） data（D）shopping2 【B2 】（A）including（B） involving（C） revolving（D）referring3 【B3 】（A）played（B） found（C） struck（D）drawn4 【B4 】（A）content（B）
7、quality（C） theories（D）concepts5 【B5 】（A）irregularly（B） persistently（C） simply（D）primarily6 【B6 】（A）system（B） move（C） mechanism（D）merger7 【B7 】（A）by（B） as（C） through（D）towards8 【B8 】（A）turn（B） find（C） figure（D）point9 【B9 】（A）but（B） thus（C） even（D）then10 【B10 】（A）prepares for（B） accounts for（C） piles
8、on（D）brings about11 【B11 】（A）traffic（B） space（C） revenue（D）staff12 【B12 】（A）companies（B） groups（C） publishers（D）associations13 【B13 】（A）underestimate（B） undermine（C） increase（D）strengthen14 【B14 】（A）above all（B） on average（C） in principle（D）for example15 【B15 】（A）confirmed（B） expressed（C） cultivated
9、（D）offered16 【B16 】（A）over（B） with（C） of（D）for17 【B17 】（A）article（B） game（C） scheme（D）agenda18 【B18 】（A）approach（B） access（C） mode（D）manner19 【B19 】（A）prevented（B） kept（C） made（D）lured20 【B20 】（A）introductory（B） home（C） yellow（D）technologicalPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer th
10、e questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 It took some time to figure out just the right shopping complex, off just the right highway interchange and just the right distance from Seoul, that could accommodate a 624,000-square-foot storethat is to say, one more than three ti
11、mes the size of the average Wal-Mart Supercenter. It took more time to solve certain mysteries, like how big to make the store s children s section in a country where kids are often given ample space in the family living quarters. It took more time to figure out how to showcase kitchens that incorpo
12、rate kimchi refrigerators, a uniquely Korean appliance and even more time to untangle nuances of the market, like the South Koreans preference for metal chopsticks. In all, it took about six years for Ikea to unveil its inaugural store in South Korea, in Gwangmyeong, starting from the first scouting
13、 trip.The lag was typically Ikean. But six years? “The more global, the more complex it gets,“ replies Mikael Palmquist, the regional manager of retail for Asia Pacific. “We need to get these things right or we will never be taken seriously.“Today the Gwangmyeong store, which is the companys largest
14、 in the world by shopping area, is on track to become one of Ikeas top-performing outlets for 2015.The success is hardly a fluke. Ikea, it seems, is a genius at selling Ikeaflat packing, transporting, and reassembling its quirky Swedish styling all across the planet. The furniture and furnishings br
15、and is in more countries than Wal-Mart and Carrefour. China, where Ikea has eight of its 10 biggest stores, is the company s fastest-growing market. An outlet in Morocco is coming soon, and there are hints that Brazil may not be far off. Meanwhile, Ikea is going meatballs out in India, where it plan
16、s to invest about $2 billion over a decade to open 10 stores.Getting it right in emerging markets like China and India, where Ikea is well-positioned to capitalize on a growing middle class, is a key factor in its goal of hitting 50 billion in sales by 2020. Thats up from 28.7 billion in its fiscal
17、2014 and almost double its 2005 sales level. Today the Ikea Group has 318 stores, not including the brands some four dozen franchised locations; its aiming for around 500 by 2020.21 The first paragraph is used to illustrate that_.（A）it took more time to figure out a right shopping complex（B） it was
18、tricky to make an ample children s section in a store（C） it was time-consuming to untangle nuances of the Korean market（D）the lag is the unique feature of Ikea to open new stores22 Ikea doesnt expand too rapidly because_.（A）it is a global company（B） the expansion is too complex（C） it is difficult to
19、 get things right（D）it needs to be taken seriously by customers23 The phrase “a fluke“(Para. 4)probably means_.（A）an effort（B） good luck（C） an opportunity（D）a necessity24 According to the text, Ikea is a genius at all of the following EXCEPT_.（A）selling its furniture（B） selling its furnishings（C） re
20、assembling Swedish style（D）expanding outlets25 Which of the following is NOT true?（A）Ikea is aiming for around 500 stores by 2020.（B） South Korean is Ikea s fastest-growing market.（C） Brazil may be one of Ikea s emerging markets.（D）Ikea plans to capitalize on middle classes in India.25 For the past
21、few months, artificial intelligence(AI)has been a much talked about topic in the worlds of both pop culture and science. Last November saw the release of Oscar-nominated and winning biopic, “The Imitation Game“, about the father of the modern computer, Alan Turing. Last month, another Hollywood film
22、 about clever robots, Chappie, hit theaters.Is artificial intelligence a boon or does it spell doom for humans? In their book, authors Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, both of whom hail from MIT, US, could barely hide their excitement toward the rise of machines.According to the authors, we are
23、entering an age of accelerated development of artificial and robotic technology. “Digital machines have escaped their narrow confines and started to demonstrate broad abilities in pattern recognition, complex communication, and other domains that used to be exclusively human,“ write the authors. “We
24、 ve recently seen great progress in natural language processing, machine learning, computer vision, simultaneous localization and mapping, and many other areas.“Were going to see artificial intelligence do more and more, and as this happens costs will go down, outcomes will improve, and our lives wi
25、ll get better.“ Already AI can help blind people see and deaf people hear. And wheelchairs have been invented that can be controlled by thoughts. We are going to witness more innovations and wonders made possible by AI, according to the authors.However, not all are equally enthusiastic about AI. A F
26、ebruary report from the Global Challenges Foundation listed AI, alongside extreme climate change, nuclear war and ecological catastrophe, as “risks that threaten human civilization“. Many preeminent scientists share the same concern. Stephen Hawking told the BBC last December that “the development o
27、f full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.“ “It would take off on its own, and redesign itself at an ever increasing rate,“ he said: “Humans, who are limited by slow biological evolution, couldnt compete, and would be replaced.“Hawkings worry echoed that of Tesla and Space
28、X boss Elon Musk, who said in last October at an MIT conference that “we should be very careful about artificial intelligence. If I had to guess at what our biggest existential threat is, its probably that“.26 It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that “The Imitation Game“_.（A）is a science fiction movi
29、e（B） is not a Hollywood film（C） won Oscar-nomination（D）is about clever robots27 Which is NOT the ability of digital machines, according to Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee?（A）Natural language processing.（B） Intelligence production.（C） Fingerprint recognition.（D）Simultaneous localization.28 It can
30、not be inferred that artificial intelligence will_.（A）complete more chores（B） help cut down costs（C） help deaf people hear（D）control people s thought29 According to Stephen Hawking,_.（A）AI is one of the risks that threaten human civilization（B） the development of AI cannot threaten human race（C） AI
31、might be substituted for humans in the future（D）AI would redesign itself at a slow rate30 A suitable title for this text would be_.（A）Bleak Future of AI（B） Digital Future: Uncertain（C） Bright Future of Digital Machines（D）Doom for Humans in the Future30 Some chief executives say they are unplugging a
32、s best they can, when they can. Baratunde Thurston, CEO of humor company Cultivated Wit, braved a 25-day Internet detox last year and now settles for what he calls “micro-disconnecting“. For example, not checking Twitter at a meeting. And Spencer Rascoff, the CEO of online real estate center Zillow,
33、 turns off his company email for a 24-hour stretch every week.Internet sabbaticals is popular recently, but those at the helm of companies arent usually able to completely cut the wire. Still, many CEOs say they want to find a balance, suspecting it might actually help their work.“I am constantly th
34、inking about Zillow, even when Im sleeping,“ Mr. Rascoff says. “Without technology, I can think about it more thoughtfully without interruptions.“ Leslie Perlow, a Harvard Business School professor, says time away from technology can make people more creative, innovative and productive. “Everybody i
35、s bombarded all the time these days,“ she says. “The more senior you are, the more you perceive, theres nobody but me.“Jim Moffatt, CEO of Deloitte Consulting LLP, finds that occasionally turning out helps him cut through the “fog“ and “clutter“ of the day-to-day grind, making it easier to solve big
36、 problems. While “recharging“ on a recent summer vacation he caught a movie with his 14 year-old son. As the credits rolled, he had an epiphany about who the elusive, missing employee should be for a team he was putting together. During fireworks this past Fourth of July, he mapped out global strate
37、gy in his head.Recent research from the University of Glasgow and UK-based Modeuro Consulting showed that executive email habits can be contagious; when the leadership team at a London-based power company decreased their email output, employees followed suit.Mr. Moffatt says one of the reasons he s
38、so public about his unplugging is to show his employees that it is important to have a life outside of work. Plus, his occasional absences give colleagues the chance to exercise more power. “It sends a pretty strong signal to your team: I don t have to be there all the time,“ he says.Handing over th
39、e reins does occasionally come with growing pains. Mr. Thurston of Cultivated Wit eschewed everything from work email to Facebook to Instagram last December and found it to be a “humbling“ experience.31 The author mentions Baratunde Thurston and Spencer Rascoff to show that_.（A）some chief executives
40、 are favorable to be alone（B） micro-disconnecting is a hard time for executives（C） Internet detox enjoys its popularity recently（D）CEOs are able to completely cut the wire32 Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraphs 3-4?（A）Without technology, Mr. Rascoff thinks more thoughtfully.（B）
41、 Without technology, Leslie Perlow thinks people work more efficiently.（C） Jim Moffatt finds occasionally unplugging helps him easier to solve problems.（D）Jim Moffatt s case shows time away from work helps make global strategies.33 The reasons that Mr. Moffatt is public about his unplugging exclude_
42、.（A）it can offer an opportunity to test the loyalty of his employees（B） it is vital to show his employees having a life out of work（C） employees are offered opportunities to exercise more power（D）it can send a message that sometimes he can be absent34 It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_
43、.（A）it s difficult for Mr. Thurston to turn off Internet（B） Facebook and Instagram are indispensable tools in work（C） it s painful sometimes to delegate power（D）keeping away from Internet makes people humble35 The most appropriate title for this text could be_.（A）The Reflections of CEOs（B） At Work:
44、Unplugging Can Help（C） Unplugging Encourages to Think Independently（D）Stay Away from High Technology35 In deference to a world enthralled by shows like “Extreme Makeover“ and “Keeping Up With the Kardashians,“ the public school district in Washington has hired a reality television company to produce
45、 videos intended to improve the skills of its teachers. The 80 videos, 5 to 15 minutes in length, are peppered with quick jump cuts, slick screen labels and a jaunty soundtrack. In short interviews and classroom snippets, the districts highest-performing teachers demonstrate how they teach a range o
46、f lessons, from adding decimal numbers to guiding students of differing ability levels through a close reading of the Marshall Plan.The videos, financed by a $900,000 grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, were developed as a complement to Washington s evaluation system, known as Impact,
47、in which teachers are judged on student test scores and classroom observations. Through these evaluations, versions of which are being put in place across the country, teachers receive feedback on the areas where they need to improve, as well as a numerical rating. But many of Washingtons teachers c
48、omplained that they needed examples of the highest performing level. Because teachers spend most of their days isolated in their own classrooms, they rarely get a chance to observe their peers. The videos give them a way to peek behind the closed doors of their colleagues.Now, with new national curr
49、iculum standards driving teachers to modify their longstanding teaching practices, a broad range of school districts, universities, companies and nonprofits are rushing to develop online video libraries showing model teaching. A nonprofit group allied with the New York State Department of Education is developing a series of about 200 videos demonstrating lessons aligned with the Common C
