1、考研英语（一）模拟试卷 75 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 No one doubts the power of the media, and no one doubts the media is useful to those in power. Newspapers have vast【B1】_compared wi
2、th any other published print, they are published frequently, and are【B2】_through wide distribution networks. For most people, they【B3】_the most substantial consumption of printed discourse(语段). 【B4】_the powerful in society should attempt to control and influence them is【B5 】_question.【B6 】_there is
3、also a conflicting myth of the freedom of the press, that journalists are free to give an objective【B7】_of anything they think newsworthy. And that, 【B8】_journalists on a particular newspaper may be constrained(限制)about what they can report, the reader has a choice because of the variety of newspape
4、rs on【B9 】_. Newspapers in this regard have been【B10】_as the third estate, an essential ingredient of democracy; the information they give is【B11】_to be sufficiently important and trustworthy to allow voters to make judgments about the record of the political parties【B12】_elections and to make infor
5、med decisions about which party to【B13 】_.Lord Northcliffe, the newspaper owner, once said that the real news is something that【B14】_wants to hide, and that all the rest is advertising. He obviously saw the【B15】_of the press as a watchdog for any inefficiency, irrationality, injustice, corruption of
6、 scandalous(丑恶可耻的)behavior for which those in power may have been【B16】_However the press as we know it has been hijacked by those with political and economic power. First, they have done this through ownership. Second, they have done so by the dependence of newspapers on advertising. Third , they ha
7、ve【B17】_the ambiguities in what is news-worthy to their own【B18】_And lastly they dominate the way the world is represented in the news since they arc gatekeepers controlling the【B19】_of the news and are being【B20】_quoted in it.1 【B1 】（A）circuits（B） circulations（C） dispatches（D）cycles2 【B2 】（A）access
8、ible（B） affordable（C） abundant（D）approachable3 【B3 】（A）consist（B） institute（C） construct（D）constitute4 【B4 】（A）What（B） How（C） That（D）Why5 【B5 】（A）in（B） beyond（C） without（D）beside6 【B6 】（A）Thus（B） Meanwhile（C） Although（D）However7 【B7 】（A）account（B） editorial（C） statement（D）comment8 【B8 】（A）only（B） if
9、 only（C） as long as（D）even if9 【B9 】（A）display（B） offer（C） exhibit（D）show10 【B10 】（A）put aside（B） taken over（C） looked down upon（D）held up11 【B11 】（A）counted（B） speculated（C） supposed（D）estimated12 【B12 】（A）contesting（B） competing（C） contending（D）hosting13 【B13 】（A）go in for（B） fall back on（C） make
10、for（D）vote for14 【B14 】（A）anyone（B） someone（C） offer（D）afford15 【B15 】（A）post（B） feature（C） vehicle（D）role16 【B16 】（A）responsible（B） conscientious（C） attributable（D）guilty17 【B17 】（A）explored（B） probed（C） clarified（D）exploited18 【B18 】（A）destinations（B） ends（C） objects（D）initiatives19 【B19 】（A）sourc
11、es（B） resources（C） causes（D）facilities20 【B20 】（A）instantly（B） presumably（C） ultimately（D）constantlyPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 The profile of the typical business school applicant has changed significa
12、ntly over the past decade. Once upon a time, few would contemplate applying without first having the requisite 5 to 7 years of work experience under their belts. The prevailing wisdom held that older candidates would have more to contribute to class discussions because of their substantial real-worl
13、d experience.Flash forward to today and youll see schools taking a closer look at younger candidates, including those with no work experience. The reason for this shift is that business schools fear some applicants would attain so much success after only a few years that they would not want to go ba
14、ck for an MBA Some candidates really are ready for business school right after graduating from college; some have started a company while in school, played a strong role in a family business, or gained relevant experiences in other areas.But as more MBA programs welcome younger applicants, and in so
15、me cases actively court them with programs geared toward younger studentssuch as Harvard Business Schools 2+2 Program, Yale School of Managements three-year Silver Scholars MBA Program, and the deferred enrollment option for college seniors offered by the Stanford Graduate School of Businessanyone o
16、ver age 28 may feel that she or he doesnt stand a chance of getting in.When a client asks, “Am I too old(or too young)for an MBA?“ I respond that its not about chronological age. Its more about maturity, readiness, and where you are in your career. A 38-year-old candidate who has spent more than a d
17、ecade in the same position without showing progression will have a hard time being admitted to a top MBA program. This is not because of age. Rather, it is because the candidate may not demonstrated growth during that time. If youre applying to an elite school like Harvard, which values great leader
18、ship, you shouldve already developed terrific leadership skills. If one of these people is interested and can demonstrate great achievement balanced with a legitimate need or desire to return to school, then they have a good chance.Younger applicants, meanwhile, have their own set of obstacles to ov
19、ercome. Theyll need to demonstrate to the admissions committee that they have the focus and maturity required to succeed in an MBA program. Since a huge part of the b-school classroom experience is the exchange of ideas from diverse individuals, younger candidates will also need to prove that they h
20、ave enough life experience to contribute to an incoming class. Business schools are looking for authentic experience, not just students who subscribe to the Wall Street Journal. Finally, younger applicants will need to show an admissions team they have a strong reason for returning to school so soon
21、 after graduation.Therefore, regardless of whether you are young or old, if you can achieve what is written above, you will have a good chance of getting into a program that is the right fit for you.21 According to the passage, business school applications in America have shown a trend that_.（A）the
22、number of the applicants is decreasing（B） the applicants should have 5-7 years of work experience（C） some programs are designed for younger applicants（D）the age of applicants should not be over 2822 According to the passage, which of the following applicants may hardly enjoy priority in Silver Schol
23、ars MBA program admission?（A）A senior who has started up his own enterprise.（B） A newly graduate who holds a position in his family business.（C） A senior who is a scholarship winner in college.（D）A would-be graduate who is a management intern in an international company.23 What can we learn from “th
24、e 38-year-old candidate“ in Para. 4?（A）He has changed his profession for several times.（B） He got no promotion in the past ten years.（C） His work experience will help him get enrolled by Harvard.（D）He has developed good leadership skills in work.24 Which is the most decisive factor when younger cand
25、idates apply to b-schools?（A）Real work experience.（B） The advantage of young age.（C） Maturity gained from life experience.（D）Experience derived from business journals.25 What is the authors attitude towards younger people applying to b-schools?（A）Critical.（B） Suspicious.（C） Pessimistic.（D）Optimistic
26、.25 The film-awards season, which reaches its tearful climax with the Oscars in February 2013, has long been only loosely related to the film business. Hollywood is dedicated to the art of keeping teenagers past popcorn stands, not art itself. But this years awards are less relevant than ever. Nowad
27、ays, the true worth of a film is no longer decided by the crowd that assembles in the Kodak Theatreor, indeed, by any American. It is decided by youngsters in countries such as Russia, China and Brazil.Russia, with its shrinking teenage population, is an unlikely spot for a box-office boom. Yet cine
28、ma-building is proceeding fast, and supply has created demand. Last year 160m cinema tickets were sold in Russiathe first time in recent years that sales have exceeded the countrys pollution. Tickets prices have risen, in part because the new cinemas are superior, with digital projectors that can sh
29、ow 3D films. The big Hollywood studios are muscling domestic film-makers aside. In 2007 American films made almost twice as much as the Russian box office as domestic films8. 3 billion roubles;($325m)compared with 4. 5 billion roubles. Last year the imported stuff made some 16. 4 billion roubles; mo
30、re than five times as much as the home-grown product, estimates Movie Research, a Moscow outfit. Earlier this month Vladimir Putin, Russias Prime Minister, said the government would spend less money supporting Russian film-makers and more on expanding the number of screens.Growth is much quicker in
31、China, where box-office receipts reached $1.5 billion last year. Chinas regulator has claimed that cinema screens are going up at a rate of three per day; some are IMAX screens that command higher ticket prices. The government allows only 20 non-Chinese films into the market each year, virtually gua
32、ranteeing big audiences for those that make the cut.Besides, growing fears of piracy have led studios to release films almost simultaneously in many countries; increasingly, the premiere takes place outside America. That changes the marketing game, says Michael Lynton, head of Sony Pictures. Studios
33、 used to rely on rumors of American success seeping out of the country, priming audiences elsewhere to see a film. Now they must conduct coordinated global campaigns. Stars are gathered for two-week-long marketing blitzes(闪电战)that may take them to ten countries “like a political campaign“ , says Mr.
34、 Lynton.The growing internationalization of the film business suits the biggest outfits. The major studios power lies not so much in their ability to make good filmsplenty of smaller operations can do thatbut in the ability to squeeze every possible drop of revenue from a film. With their superior g
35、lobal marketing machine and their ability to anticipate foreign tastes, they are increasingly dominating the market.26 According to Para. 1 , the real value of a movie is currently determined by_.（A）the art of film making（B） its popularity among American audience（C） the size of film production team（
36、D）the young audience in emerging countries27 According to Para. 2, “supply has created demand“ indicates that in Russia_.（A）the expansion of cinemas has helped to increase the movie attendances（B） the production of domestic films has attracted more movie goers（C） the growing population of youngsters
37、 has led to the box-office boom（D）government investment in movie industry has lowered the ticket prices28 The word “premiere“(Line 2, Para. 4)most probably means_.（A）studios top executives（B） the initial film editing（C） leading characters（D）the first public show29 According to Michael Lynton, global
38、 film marketing aims to_.（A）stop the spreading of rumors about a film（B） better organize the stars working schedule（C） protect the film from being illegally copied（D）make political impact on the targeted countries 30 What does this passage mainly talk about?（A）The growth of international box-office
39、for American films.（B） The globalization of American film industry.（C） The new pattern for distribution of American films.（D）The change of marketing strategies of American films.30 For most of my working life I have been a practicing scientist. I have worked in industrial and academic laboratoriesas
40、 a laboratory assistantand as a consultant. I have also taught chemistry from “0“ level, to the supervision of PhD students. But it is only in recent years that T have begun to look seriously beyond my own personal experience to the role of women in science in a wider context.To my dismay, it seemed
41、 that there had been little improvement since I had embarked on my own career. The dice are still so heavily loaded against girls and women choosing a scientific career that I was astonished that so many had succeeded, against all the odds, rather than that there wen; so few.Many factors deter girls
42、 from choosing a scientific career and one of these is undoubtedly the attitudes adopted by parents, teachers, friends and society in general. It was this area which I decided to investigate and my studies so far have indicated that negative attitudes towards women scientists have always existed and
43、 still prevail. These attitudes need to be demonstrated and combated because they adversely affect womens careers, role models for girls and boys expectations of women.Science is dominated by men, most of its practitioners are men and it is said to have a masculine image. Society does not expect wom
44、en to become scientists so that those do know that they are “stepping out of line“. This, in itself, makes them “special“ in some way because the men, in a male dominated profession, are not, in any sense, rebels. In an attempt to discover whether women scientists, have any other characteristics in
45、common, I have been gathering information about their lives, the way they work, the nature of that work and what they say about themselves.If one includes both past and present women scientists, one finds, superficially at least, a great diversity, particularly in their backgrounds, which range from
46、 poor, working-class to rich aristocracy. Some are married, with children, while some are unmarried and childless. However, it is evident that most of them developed habits of independent thought at an early age. Often these seem to have been fostered by parents who, in some cases, were subsequently
47、 dismayed when their daughters insisted on following their own inclinations and rejected traditional roles. Perhaps the parents inadvertently sowed the seeds of rebellion. Not all of the women scientists had to struggle against adversity as we normally think of it. The privileged ones who could have
48、 led idle, comfortable lives, chose not to, but all were quietly confident that what they were doing was right for them.31 The author discovers that todav women_.（A）are making great achievements in their academic pursuit（B） still work against all the odds to pursue a scientific career（C） find a bigg
49、er role to play in the development of science（D）work in academic laboratories just as men scientists32 One major factor that affects womens careers is that_.（A）their husbands do not want them to become scientists（B） men are reluctant to stop dominating women（C） society despises men who accept women into the field of science（D）the society does not approve of women becoming scientists33 The author finds that most women scient
