1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 51 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Seven years ago, when I was visiting Germany, I met with an official who explained to me that the country had a perfect solution to
2、 its economic problems. Watching the U. S. economy【C1】_during the 90s, the Germans had decided that they, too, needed to go the high-technology【C2】_. But how? In the late 90s, the answer seemed obvious: Indians.【C3】_all, Indian entrepreneurs accounted for one of every three Silicon Valley start-ups.
3、 So the German government decided that it would【C4 】_Indians to Germany just as America does; by【C5】_green cards. Officials created something called the German Green Card and【C6】_that they would issue 20 000 in the first year.【C7】_, the Germans expected that tens of thousands more Indians would soon
4、 be begging to come, and perhaps the【C8】_would have to be increased. But the program was a failure. A year later【C9】_half of the 20 000 cards had been issued. After a few extensions, the program was【 C10】_I told the German official at the time that I was sure the【C11】_would fail. It s not that I had
5、 any particular expertise in immigration policy,【C12】_I understood something about green cards, because I had one(the American【C13】_). The German Green Card was misnamed, I argued,【C14】_it never, under any circumstances, translated into German citizenship. The U. S. green card, by contrast, is an al
6、most【C15】_path to becoming American(after five years and a clean record). The official【C16】_my objection, saying that there was no way Germany was going to offer these people citizenship. “We need young tech workers,“ he said. “That s what this program is all【C17 】_. “ So Germany was asking bright y
7、oung【C18 】_to leave their country, culture and families, move thousands of miles away, learn a new language and work in a strange landbut without any【C19】_of ever being part of their new home. Germany was sending a signal, one that was【 C20】_received in India and other countries, and also by Germany
8、 s own immigrant community.1 【C1 】（A）soar（B） hover（C） amplify（D）intensify2 【C2 】（A）circuit（B） strategy（C） trait（D）route3 【C3 】（A）Of（B） After（C） In（D）At4 【C4 】（A）import（B） kidnap（C） convey（D）lure5 【C5 】（A）offering（B） installing（C） evacuating（D）formulating6 【C6 】（A）conferred（B） inferred（C） announced（D
9、）verified7 【C7 】（A）Specially（B） Naturally（C） Particularly（D）Consistently8 【C8 】（A）quotas（B） digits（C） measures（D）scales9 【C9 】（A）invariably（B） literally（C） barely（D）solely10 【C10 】（A）repelled（B） deleted（C） combated（D）abolished11 【C11 】（A）adventure（B） response（C） initiative（D）impulse12 【C12 】（A）and（B
10、） but（C） so（D）or13 【C13 】（A）heritage（B） revision（C） notion（D）version14 【C14 】（A）because（B） unless（C） if（D）while15 【C15 】（A）aggressive（B） automatic（C） vulnerable（D）voluntary16 【C16 】（A）overtook（B） fascinated（C） submitted（D）dismissed17 【C17 】（A）towards（B） round（C） about（D）over18 【C18 】（A）dwellers（B） c
11、itizens（C） professionals（D）amateurs19 【C19 】（A）prospect（B） suspicion（C） outcome（D）destination20 【C20 】（A）partially（B） clearly（C） brightly（D）vividlyPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 Global warming may or may n
12、ot be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but regardless of whether it is or isnt we wont do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less
13、 likely they are to be observed. Al Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth,“ as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we dont know enough to relieve global warming, and without major technological breakthroughs we cant do much about it. F
14、rom 2003 to 2050, the worlds population is projected to grow from 6.4 billion to 9. 1 billion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions(mainly, CO2)will be 42% higher in 2050. But thats too low, because societies that grow
15、 richer use more energy. We need economic growth unless we condemn the worlds poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone elses living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050. No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth and
16、 personal freedom(limits on electricity usage, driving and travel)that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show theyre “doing something. “ Consider the Kyoto Protoco(京都议定书). It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didnt. But it hasnt reduced CO2 emissions(up about
17、 25% since 1990), and many signatories(签字国)didnt adopt tough enough policies to hit their 20082012 targets. The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking
18、 our dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it. The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when its really an engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we dont solve the engineering problem, were helpless.21 What is said about global warming in the
19、first paragraph?（A）It may not prove an environmental crisis at all.（B） It is an issue requiring worldwide commitments.（C） Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it.（D）Very little will be done to bring it under control.22 According to the authors understanding, what is Al Gores view on global
20、 warming?（A）It is a reality both people and politicians are unaware of.（B） It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences.（C） It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.（D）It is an area we actually have little knowledge about.23 Greenhouse emissions will more than double by 2050
21、 because of _.（A）economic growth（B） wasteful use of energy（C） the widening gap between the rich and poor（D）the rapid advances of science and technology24 The author believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, _.（A）politicians have started to do something to better the situation（B） few na
22、tions have adopted real tough measures to limit energy use（C） reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warming（D）international cooperation has contributed to solving environmental problems25 What is the message the author intends to convey?（A）Global warming is more of a moral is
23、sue than a practical one.（B） The ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technology.（C） The debate over global warming will lead to technological breakthroughs.（D）People have to give up certain material comforts to stop global warming.25 A recent study, which was published in last weeks Jour
24、nal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver. Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone. By contrast, the risk of death for the drivers b
25、etween 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.The authors also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p. m. , and especially after midnight. With passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.Robert Foss, a
26、scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior“ than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue“ he says, “is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses
27、 fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate(使缓解)the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a
28、 teenager should first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night or passenger restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies. About
29、half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers. California is the strictest, with a novice(新手)driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20(without the presence of an adult over 25)for the first six m
30、onths.26 Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?（A）Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p. m.（B） A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.（C） Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.（D）A teenage
31、r getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.27 According to Robert Foss, the high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to_.（A）their frequent driving at night（B） their improper way of driving（C） their lack of driving experience（D）their driving with passengers28 According to Par
32、agraph 3 , which of the following statements is TRUE?（A）Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.（B） Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.（C） Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.（D）The licensing authorities are partly responsibl
33、e for teenagers driving accidents.29 A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers driving accidents is that_.（A）driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule（B） they should be prohibited from taking on passengers（C） they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p. m.（D）the licensin
34、g system should be improved30 The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system_.（A）is under discussion（B） is about to be set up（C） has been put into effect（D）has been perfected30 Imagine waking up and finding the value of your assets has been halved. No, youre
35、 not an investor in one of those hedge funds(对冲基金)that failed completely. With the dollar slumping to a 26-year low against the pound, already-expensive London has become quite unaffordable. A coffee at Starbucks, just as unavoidable in England as it is in the United States, runs about $ 8.The once
36、all-powerful dollar isnt doing a Titanic against just the pound. It is sitting at a record low against the euro and at a 30-year low against the Canadian dollar. Even the Argentine peso and Brazilian real are thriving against the dollar.The weak dollar is a source of humiliation(屈辱), for a nations s
37、elf-esteem rests in part on the strength of its currency. Its also a potential economic problem, since a declining dollar makes imported food more expensive and exerts upward pressure on interest rates. And yet there are substantial sectors of the vast U. S. economy from giant companies like Coca-Co
38、la to mom-and-pop restaurant operators in Miami for which the weak dollar is most excellent news.Many Europeans may view the U. S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. But nothing makes people think more warmly of the U. S. than a weak dollar. Through April, the total num
39、ber of visitors from abroad was up 6. 8 percent from last year. Should the trend continue, the number of tourists this year will finally top the 2000 peak. Many Europeans now apparently view the U. S. the way many Americans view Mexico as a cheap place to vacation, shop and party, all while ignoring
40、 the fact that the poorer locals cant afford to join the merrymaking.The money tourists spend helps decrease our chronic trade deficit. So do exports, which, thanks in part to the weak dollar, soared 11 percent between May 2006 and May 2007. For first five months of 2007, the trade deficit actually
41、fell 7 percent from 2006.If you own shares in large American corporations, youre a winner in the weak-dollar gamble. Last week Coca-Colas stock bubbled to a five-year high after it reported a fantastic quarter. Foreign sales accounted for 65 percent of Cokes beverage(饮料)business. Other American comp
42、anies profiting from this trend include McDonalds and IBM.American tourists, however, shouldnt expect any relief soon. The dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up slowly, and then all at once. And currencies dont turn on a dime. So if you want to avoid the pain inflicted by the increasi
43、ngly pathetic dollar, cancel that summer vacation to England and look to New England. There, the dollar is still treated with a little respect.31 Why do Americans feel humiliated?（A）Their economy is plunging(猛跌).（B） Their currency has slumped.（C） They cant afford trips to Europe.（D）They have lost ha
44、lf of their assets.32 How does the current dollar affect the life of ordinary Americans?（A）They have to cancel their vacations in New England.（B） They find it unaffordable to dine in mom-and-pop restaurants.（C） They have to spend more money when buying imported goods.（D）They might lose their jobs du
45、e to potential economic problems.33 How do many Europeans feel about the U. S. with the devalued dollar?（A）They feel contemptuous(鄙视的)of it.（B） They are sympathetic with it.（C） They regard it as a superpower on the decline.（D）They think of it as a good tourist destination.34 What is the authors advi
46、ce to Americans?（A）They treat the dollar with a little respect.（B） They try to win in the weak-dollar gamble.（C） They vacation at home rather than abroad.（D）They treasure their marriages all the more.35 What does the author imply by saying “currencies dont turn on a dime“(Para. 7)?（A）The dollars val
47、ue will not increase in the short term.（B） The value of a dollar will not be reduced to a dime.（C） The dollars value will drop, but within a small margin.（D）Few Americans will change dollars into other currencies.35 Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-p
48、ilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,“ William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit“ carries a negative implication.So it seems paradoxical(自相矛盾的)to talk about ha
49、bits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In
