1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 8（无答案）一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 At the moment the second plane was slamming into the south tower, President Bush was (1)_ to the second-graders of Emma E. Booker Elem
2、entary in Sarasota FTA. When he arrived at the school he had been whisked (2)_ a holding room: National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice needed to (3)_ to him. But he soon appeared in the classroom and listened (4)_ as the children went through their reading drill. As he was getting ready to pose (
3、5)_ pictures with the teachers and kids, chief of staff Andy Card entered the room, walked (6)_ to the President and whispered in Ms right ear. The Presidents face became (7)_ tense and serious. (8)_ nodded, Card left and for several minutes the President seemed distracted and somber but then he (9)
4、_ his interaction with the class. “Really good readers, whew!“ he told (10)_ “These must be six-graders!“Meanwhile, in the room (11)_ Bush was scheduled to give his remarks, about 200,people, (12)_ local officials, school personnel and students, waited under the hot lights., Word of the crash began
5、to (13)_ reporters called their editors, but details were sparse until someone (14)_ there was a TV in a nearby office. The President finally entered, about 35 minutes later, and (15)_ his brief comments. “This is a (16)_ time for America,“ he began. He ordered a massive (17)_ to “hunt down the folk
6、s (18)_ committed this act.“ Meanwhile the bomb dogs took a few extra passes through Air Force One, and an extra fighter escort was added. (19)_ the President too was going to have trouble (20)_ home.（A）to introduce（B） introduced（C） introducing（D）being introduced（A）into（B） for（C） in（D）at（A）talk（B） s
7、peak（C） say（D）discuss（A）appreciatively（B） attentively.（C） happily（D）absent-mindedly（A）to（B） from（C） at（D）for（A）over（B） forward（C） backward（D）soon（A）visually（B） visibly（C） virtually（D）vitally（A）Card（B） She（C） He（D）They（A）assumed（B） resumed（C） consumed（D）assured（A）the teachers（B） them（C） the kids（D）bo
8、th（A）that（B） when（C） where（D）in that（A）in addition（B） including（C） excluding（D）except（A）circulate（B） speak（C） appear（D）keep（A）traced back（B） remembered（C） memorized（D）conceived（A）presented（B） took（C） had（D）made（A）horrible（B） terrible（C） difficult（D）frightening（A）experiment（B） research（C） examination
9、（D）investigation（A）and（B） who（C） that（D）what（A）But（B） Instead（C） Furthermore（D）Despite（A）to help（B） getting（C） to get（D）helpingPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)21 Today business cards are distributed by working
10、 people of all social classes, illustrating not only the uniquity of commercial interests but also the fluidity of the world of trade. Whether one is buttonholing potential clients for a carpentry service, announcing ones latest academic appointment, or “networking“ with fellow executives, it is per
11、missible to advertise ones talents and availability by an outstretched hand and the statement “Heres my card.“ As Robert Louis Stevenson once observed, everybody makes his living by selling something. Business cards facilitate this endeavor.It has not always been this way. The cards that we use toda
12、y for commercial purposes are a vulgarization of the nineteenth-century social calling cards, an artifact with a quite different purpose. In the Gilded Age, possessing a calling card indicated not that you were interested in forming business relationships, but that your money was so old that you had
13、 no need to make a living. For the calling-card class, life was a continual round of social visits, and the protocol(礼遇) governing these visits was inextricably linked to the proper use of cards. Pick up any etiquette manual predating World War I, and you will find whole chapters devoted to such que
14、stions as whether a single gentleman may leave a card for a lady; when a lady must, and must not, turn down the edges of a card; and whether an unmarried girl of between fourteen and seventeen may carry more than six or less than thirteen cards in her purse in months beginning with a “J“. The callin
15、g card system was especially cherished by those who made no distinction between manners and mere form, and its preciousness was well defined by Mrs. John Sherwood. Her 1887 manual called the card “the field mark and device“ of civilization.The business version of the calling card came in around the
16、mm of the century, when the formerly, well defined borders between the commercial and the personal realms were used widely, society mavens(内行) considered it unforgivable to fuse the two realms. Emily Posts contemporary Lilian Eichler called it very poor taste to use business cards for social purpose
17、s, and as late as 1967 Amy Vanderbilt counseled that the merchants marker “may never double for social purposes“.21 Business cards are usually used to_（A）announce ones latest academic appointment（B） establish business relationships（C） make a living（D）illustrate the fluidity of the world of trade22 T
18、he statement which has not been mentioned in the passage is_（A）business, cards are a vulgarization of the nineteenthcentury social calling card（B） The calling card system was especially cherished by these who made no distinction between manners and mere form（C） most people thought it improper to use
19、 business cards for social purposes（D）everyone makes his living by selling something23 The sentence that “your money was so old“ in the second paragraph means_（A）you have an old pound note（B） your money was useless（C） you have a lot of money（D）you inherited a fortune from your ancestors_24 Business
20、cards are likely to have appeared（A）at the beginning of nineteenth century（B） at the beginning of twentieth century（C） before the nineteenth century（D）after World War I25 In the Gilded Age, people who possessed a calling card_（A）had to make their living（B） were interested in forming business relatio
21、nships（C） boasted of their wealth（D）advertised their talents and availability26 President Bushs re-election already has resulted in more funds for one of the elections pivotal “moral values“ issuesabstinence education.Congress last weekend included more than $131 million for abstinence programs in i
22、ts $388 billion spending bill.This represents an increase of $30 million for programs that teach middle-and high-school youths that sexual abstinence until marriage is the best choice.The new funding is far less than the $100 million Mr. Bush requested, but it marks a “record level of funding“, said
23、 leaders of the National Abstinence Clearinghouse in Sioux Falls, S. D.Public debates about the merits of teaching abstinence-until-marriage versus abstinence-plus-contraception are likely to continue: A national evaluation of abstinence-until-marriage programs has been delayed, with a final report
24、not expected until 2006, said a spokesman for the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).The Bush administration has fueled this debate by steadily increasing federal funds for abstinence education, which has been outmatched for decades by funding for family planning, HIV/AIDS and other sex e
25、ducation that primarily teaches about birth control, condoms and disease prevention.“We have said that funding for abstinence education.ought to be on at least equal footing with other sex education programs,“ White House spokesman Scott McClellan said Nov. 17 at the nomination of White House domest
26、ic policy adviser Margaret Spellings as Department of Education secretary.“The president is an advocate of abstinence-education programs because he wants to focus on what works,“ Mr. McClellan said, noting that Mrs. Spellings supports abstinence-based education in schools.William Smith of the Sexual
27、ity Information and Education Council of the United States challenged the idea that abstinence education has been “proven effective“.“No sound study exists that shows that these programs have any long-term beneficial impact on young peoples sexual behavior,“ Mr. Smith said. “The fact the presidents
28、nominee for the nations top teacher supports these programs is particularly disturbing.“When it comes to childrens sexual behavior, the primary message the nation should give is abstinence until marriage, said Wade F. Horn, HHS assistant secretary for children and families.“We dont need a study, if
29、I remember my biology correctly, to show us that those people who are sexually abstinent have a zero chance of becoming pregnant or getting someone pregnant or contracting a sexually transmitted disease,“ said Mr. Horn.Meanwhile, opponents of abstinence-only education continue to warn against flouri
30、ng money into unproven programs. Advocates for Youth (AFY), for instance, recently released a 10 state study saying that after five years and $45.5 million in federal funding, abstinence programs have resulted in “few short-term benefits and no lasting positive impact“.26 The text is mainly about（A）
31、the public debates about the merits.（B） federal funds paid for the abstinence education.（C） abstinence education raised by the Bush administration.（D）the effects of abstinence education.27 According to the passage, abstinence education（A）means abstinence plus-contraception.（B） has long-term benefici
32、al impacts on young peoples sexual behavior.（C） includes family planning, HIV/AIDS and other sex education.（D）is an important elections “moral values“ issue of Bushs re-election.28 Many people of agencies disagree to the abstinence-only education NOT because（A）the abstinence education has not been p
33、roven effective.（B） the president is an advocate of abstinence-education program.（C） abstinence programs have resulted in few short-term benefits.（D）there was no significant change in the percentage of students sticking no sex after the abstinence education.29 We can infer from the last paragraph th
34、at（A）AFY encourages youth to have sex.（B） AFY agrees that there is not enough money in operating abstinence education program.（C） AFY forbids youth to have sex.（D）AFY thinks that abstinence program is an unproven program.30 The passage may be taken from a（A）newspaper.（B） report.（C） commentary.（D）boo
35、k.31 The full influence of mechanization began shortly after 1850, when a variety of machines came rapidly into use. The introduction of these machines frequently created rebellions by workers who were fearful that the machines would rob them of their work. Patrick Bell, in Scotland, and Cyrus McCor
36、mick, in United States, produced threshing machines. Improve-meats were made in plows to compensate for different soil types. Stream power came into use in 1860s on large farms. Hay rakes, hay-loaders, and various special harvesting machines were produced, Milking machines appeared. The internal-com
37、bustion engine run by gasoline became the chief power source for the farm.In time, the number of certain farm machines that came into use skyrocketed and changed the nature of fanning. Between 1940 and 1960, for example, 12 million horses and mules gave way to 5 million tractors. Tractors offer many
38、 features that are attractive to farmers. There are, for example, numerous attachments: cultivators that can penetrate the soil to varying depths, rotary hoes that chop weeds; spray devices that can spray pesticides in bands 100 feet across, and many others.A piece of equipment has now been invented
39、 or adapted for virtually every laborious hand or animal operation. On the farm lathe United States, for example, cotton, tobacco, hay, and grain are planted, treated for pests and diseases, fertilized, cultivated and harvested by machine. Large devices shake fruit and nut from trees, gain and blend
40、 feed, and dry gain and hay. Equipment is now available to put just the right amount of fertilizer in just the right place, to spray an exact row width, and to count out, Space, and plant just the right number of seeds for a row.Mechanization is not used in agriculture in many parts of Latin America
41、, Africa, Agriculture innovation is accepted fastest where agriculture is already profitable and progressive. Some mechanization has reached the level of plantation agriculture in parts of the tropics, but even today much of that land is laboriously worked by people leading draft animals pal-ling pr
42、imitive plows.The problems of mechanization in some areas are not only cultural in nature. For examples, tropical soils and crops differ markedly from those in temperate areas that the machines are designed for, so adaptations have to be made. But the greatest obstacle to mechanization is the fear i
43、n underdeveloped countries that the workers who are displaced by machines would not find work elsewhere, Introducing mechanization into such areas requires careful planning.31 The first paragraph uses several examples to convey the ideas that_.（A）the introduction of machines into agricultural work c
44、reated rebellions on the part of the farmers（B） the use of internal combustion engine as a chief power source for the farm produced great influence（C） the mechanization of agricultural work after 1850 gradually robbed many farmers of their work（D）ingenious improvements were made in fanning machines
45、in the 1860s to yield production32 In the first sentence of the second paragraph, the word skyrocketed, most probably means _.（A）became various（B） was updated（C） increased rapidly（D）remained the same33 In the tropical areas,_.（A）mechanization is not yet used in agriculture（B） agriculture is accepted
46、 fastest（C） a lot of farm work is still done in the old way（D）mechanization is avoided to save primitive forest34 By saying that “the problems of mechanizing some areas are not only cultural in nature“, the author means_.（A）mechanization is not yet introduced in some areas for economic reasons（B） hu
47、man and animal labour in some areas are less expensive（C） culture is not a factor in obstacling the introduction of mechanization（D）different kinds of mechanized fanning tools are used in different cultures35 What can we infer from the passage?（A）Human can be totally replaced by machines in agricult
48、ure.（B） We cannot see mechanization in Africa,（C） As long as adaptations been made, mechanization will be used in agriculture in tropical area.（D）The number of farmers who run a farm in America is less than that of the farmer who run a farm of under developed countries.36 We have known for a long ti
49、me that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinction drawn between them. But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down, and that definitions evolve in accordance with different types of culture known to us, that is, scientific discoveries and ideological revolutions. Our nature is not considered as immutable, either socially or biolog
