1、考研英语（翻译）模拟试卷 48 及答案与解析Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. (10 points) 0 【F1】Most people know that awkward feeling when you shuffle into an elevator with other people and try not to make eye contact.【F2】But new research suggests
2、 it may be down to a subconscious power struggle being played out as you make your way up or down.A study found that people decide where they stand based on a micro social hierarchy, established within seconds of entering the lift. Rebekah Rousi, a Ph.D. student in cognitive science, conducted an et
3、hnographic study of elevator behaviour in two of the tallest office buildings in Adelaide, Australia.【F3 】As part of her research, she took a total of 30 lift rides in the two buildings, and discovered there was an established order to where people tended stand. In a blog for Ethnography Matters, sh
4、e writes that more senior men seemed to direct themselves towards the back of the elevator cabins. She said, “In front of them were younger men, and in front of them were women of all ages.“ She also noticed there was a difference in where people directed their gaze half way through the ride.【F4】“Me
5、n watched the monitors, looked in the side mirrors(in one building)to see themselves, and in the door mirrors(of the other building)to also watch others. Women would watch the monitors and avoid eye contact with other users(unless in conversation)and the mirrors.“ She writes.【F5】The doctorate studen
6、t concluded it could be that people who are shyer stand toward the front, where they cant see other passengers, whereas bolder people stand in the back, where they have a view of everyone else.1 【F1】2 【F2】3 【F3】4 【F4】5 【F5】5 【F1】Stephen Hawking, who spent his career decoding the universe and even ex
7、perienced weightlessness, is urging the continuation of space explorationfor humanity s sake.【F2】The 71-year-old Hawking said he did not think humans would survive another 1, 000 years “without escaping beyond our fragile planet.“ The British cosmologist made the remarks Tuesday before an audience o
8、f doctors, nurses and employees at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, where he toured a stem cell laboratory thats focused on trying to slow the progression of Lou Gehrigs disease.Hawking was diagnosed with the neurological disorder 50 years ago while a student at Cambridge University.【F3】He recalled how
9、he became depressed and initially didnt see a point in finishing his doctorate. But he continued to delve into his studies. “If you understand how the universe operates, you control it in a way,“ he said.Renowned for his work on black holes and the origins of the cosmos, Hawking is famous for bringi
10、ng esoteric physics concepts to the masses through his best-selling books, including “A Brief History of Time,“ which sold more than 10 million copies worldwide. Hawking titled his hourlong lecture to Cedars-Sinai employees “A Brief History of Mine.“Hawking has survived longer than most people with
11、Lou Gehrigs disease, also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ALS attacks nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that control the muscles.【F4 】 People gradually have more and more trouble breathing and moving as muscles weaken and waste away. Theres no cure and no way to reverse the diseases p
12、rogression. Few people with ALS live longer than a decade. Hawking receives around-the-clock care, can only communicate by twitching his cheek, and relies on a computer mounted to his wheelchair to convey his thoughts in a distinctive robotic monotone. Despite his diagnosis, Hawking has remained act
13、ive. In 2007, he floated like an astronaut on an aircraft that creates weightlessness by making parabolic dives.【F5】Hawking rattled off nuggets of advice: Look up at the stars and not down at your feet, be curious. “However difficult life may seem, there is always something you can do and succeed at
14、,“ he said. Dr. Robert Baloh, director of Cedars-Sinais ALS program who invited Hawking, said he had no explanation for the physicists longevity. Baloh said he has treated patients who lived for 10 years or more. “But 50 years is unusual, to say the least,“ he said.6 【F1】7 【F2】8 【F3】9 【F4】10 【F5】10
15、Clenching your fist could be enough to help you get a grip on your memory.【F1】Research suggests that balling up the right hand and squeezing it tightly actually makes it easier to memorise lists. Later, when it is time to retrieve the information, it is the left hand that should be clenched. It is t
16、hought the movements activate brain regions key to the storing and recall of memories.【F2】The American researchers suggest those who are short of a pen and paper should try the trick when attempting to commit a shopping list or phone number to memory. In the study, volunteers were given a rubber bal
17、l and asked to squeeze it as hard as possible before trying to memorise a list of 72 words.【F3 】They squeezed the ball again a couple of minutes later, ahead of recollecting as many of the words as possible.One group used their right hand on both occasions, another their left. A third group clenched
18、 their right fist ahead of memorising and their left ahead of recall and a fourth did the reverse. A fifth group held the ball but did not squeeze it. Those who squeezed with their right hand, followed by their left, remembered the most words.【F4】The next best were the volunteers who made a fist wit
19、h their right hand both times, while those who didn t squeeze at all did better than those who led with their left.【F5】It is thought that the movement of clenching the right fist activates a brain region that is involved in storing memories, while squeezing the left hand triggers an area that is key
20、 to retrieving information. Lead researcher Dr Ruth Propper said, “The findings suggest that simple body movementsby temporarily changing the way the brain functionscan improve memory.“11 【F1】12 【F2】13 【F3】14 【F4】15 【F5】15 Billed as the Silicon Valley Robot Block Party and held during National Robot
21、ics Week, the party yesterday was a celebration of human-robot interactions.【 F1】Developers, researchers, and makers shared tips and explored the very ideas of what a robot can be and do. The people I met here are interested in robots on many levels.【F2】There were startups pitching their businesses,
22、 home-brew builders looking to have some fun, high-school kids building competition robots, and Ph.D. students just exploring.That high-fiving robot? Its the creation of Willow Garage, a founding member of the Silicon Valley Robotics group that hosted the block party. In 2010, Willow Garage announce
23、d it would be delivering 11 of its $400, 000 PR-2 robots free to research groups.【F3】The program, however, which began as an opensource platform intended to encouraged roboticists to collaborate on creating a universal robot language, has quickly evolved. After just a few years, following an announc
24、ement in February, Willow Garage says it is shifting toward becoming a profitable and self-sustaining company. Whats next in the lives of robots? Thats the question everyone here wants to answer.Even after the PR-2s 2010 release, within a year the stereoscopic cameras that provided the PR-2s vision
25、were replaced with commercially available hardwareMicrosofts Kinect, highlighting the rigorous pace of innovation.【F4】The commercial, off-the-shelf technology available to each of us today, as NASA has discovered, is fast, smart, and constantly upgraded.And as the evolution of robotics quickens, may
26、be thats what events like National Robotics Week and the Robot Block Party, are all about. Theres a sense that though robots are already a great part of our lives, we are still in the early stages of robotics innovation. Things are evolving quickly. For that reason, a marketplace of ideas such as th
27、is is incredibly important. People and ideas are being connected.【F5 】Across genres, robotics hobbyists are talking to startups, educators are talking with industry, and students are envisioning a future where automation is smarter, machines are more useful, and everyone has the technical skills to
28、live side by side with our robot friends.16 【F1】17 【F2】18 【F3】19 【F4】20 【F5】考研英语（翻译）模拟试卷 48 答案与解析Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. (10 points) 【知识模块】 翻译1 【正确答案】 当你拖着脚和其他人一道走进电梯时，会尽量避开别人的目光，这种尴尬的感觉大多数人都了解。 【知识模块】 翻译2 【正确答案】 但是
29、新研究指出，在你上下电梯时，你的表现可能源自一种下意识的权利斗争。 【知识模块】 翻译3 【正确答案】 作为研究的一部分，她在这两座大楼里一共搭乘了 30 次电梯，并发现人们倾向于按既定的秩序来选择自己在电梯里站的位置。 【知识模块】 翻译4 【正确答案】 男人会看看电梯楼层显示器，看一下(其中一座大楼)侧面镜子中的自己，或看看(另一座大楼的)镜面门反射出的别人的影像。 【知识模块】 翻译5 【正确答案】 这名博士生得出的结论是：那些比较害羞的人会站在电梯前面，这样他们就看不到其他乘客，而胆子较大的人会站在后面，从而就能看到每个人。 【知识模块】 翻译【知识模块】 翻译6 【正确答案】 史蒂芬
30、霍金这位究其一生破译宇宙奥秘、甚至体验过失重状态的英国科学家，正敦促人类为了自身利益继续进行太空探索。 【知识模块】 翻译7 【正确答案】 今年 71 岁的霍金 4 月 9 日表示，人类若“不逃离我们脆弱的星球”将难以再活 1000 年。 【知识模块】 翻译8 【正确答案】 他回忆起自己变得抑郁的过程，当时甚至觉得自己拿不到博士学位。 【知识模块】 翻译9 【正确答案】 患者将因肌肉逐渐松弛衰弱变得呼吸困难，行动缓慢。 【知识模块】 翻译10 【正确答案】 霍金说出金玉良言：仰望星空，保持好奇心。 【知识模块】 翻译【知识模块】 翻译11 【正确答案】 研究显示，实际上，攥起右拳并握紧能让你更
31、容易地记住列表内容。 【知识模块】 翻译12 【正确答案】 美国研究人员指出，那些手头没有纸笔的人在试图记住购物清单或电话号码时应该尝试一下这个技巧。 【知识模块】 翻译13 【正确答案】 志愿者们在几分钟后再次握紧这个球，然后尽可能地把单词回忆起来。 【知识模块】 翻译14 【正确答案】 仅次于他们的是那些两次都握紧右拳的志愿者，而那些两次都没握紧拳头的人表现得比那些两次都握紧左拳的人要好。 【知识模块】 翻译15 【正确答案】 研究人员认为，握紧右拳的动作激活了与储存记忆相关的大脑区域，而握紧左拳的动作激活了大脑中与回忆信息相关的关键区域。 【知识模块】 翻译【知识模块】 翻译16 【正确
32、答案】 开发人员，研究人员和制造者探索了机器人未来的模样和功能，并分享了一些相关的技巧。 【知识模块】 翻译17 【正确答案】 一些创业公司在寻找商机，而普通民众只是想在这里找些乐子，高中生正在举办机器人比赛，博士生则在进行科学研究。 【知识模块】 翻译18 【正确答案】 该项目最初作为一个开源平台，旨在鼓励机器人专家合作创建一种通用的机器人语言，目前已经得到了迅速发展。 【知识模块】 翻译19 【正确答案】 如今，我们每个人都可以享受到现成的商业化技术，而且这些技术发展迅速，高度智能化，且不断在升级换代。 【知识模块】 翻译20 【正确答案】 不同行业的人们相互交流，例如，机器人爱好者与创业者，教育家与企业家，学生与工程师，都在期待自动化变得更加智能，机器变得更加实用，每个人都能与机器人朋友并肩生活。 【知识模块】 翻译
