1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 50（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled Unemployment upon GraduationYou should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese：1许多大学生毕业后找不到工作2产生这一现象的原因3解决这一问题的方法Unemployment upon Graduation二、Pa
2、rt II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N
3、(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.2 Scientists Question Possible Nanotech RisksMore and more companies are using nanotechnology(纳米技术) to improve their products, but many experts say safety rese
4、arch is trailing far behind the pace of commercialization and want the US Environmental Protection Agency and other federal agencies to regulate the emerging industry, more strongly. In the first single inventory of largely government funded research projects, the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologie
5、s found that there is a need for more, resources, for a consistent risk-related research strategy and for public-private partnerships and international research cooperation.Scientists manipulating matter at the molecular level have improved on hundreds of everyday products in recent years and are pr
6、omising dramatic breakthroughs in medicine and other industries as billions of dollars a year are pumped into the newborn sector. But relatively little is known about the potential health and environmental effects of the tiny particlesjust atoms wide and small enough to easily penetrate cells in lun
7、gs, brains and other organs.While governments and businesses have begun pumping millions of dollars into researching such effects, scientists and others say nowhere near enough is being spent to determine whether nanomaterials pose a danger to human health. Michael Crichtons bestselling book Prey pa
8、ints a doomsday(世界末日) scene in which a large number of tiny nanomachines escapes the lab and threatens to overwhelm humanity. Scientists believe the potential threat from nanomaterials is more everyday than a terrible novel, but no less serious.Studies have shown that some of the most promising carb
9、on nanoparticlesincluding long, hollow nanotubes and sphere-shaped buckyballscan be poisonous to animal cells. There are fears that exposure can cause breathing problems, as occurs with some other very small particles, that nanoparticles could be inhaled through the nose, bringing unknown damage on
10、brain cells, or that nanotubes placed on the skin could damage DNA. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health is developing guidelines for working with nanomaterials, saying the tiny particles may raise health concerns and the risk to those who work with them is unknown. Also unknown
11、 is the risk to consumers and the environment.“No one knows, and thats the problem,“ said Pat Roy Mooney, executive director of the ETC Group, an Ottawa-based nonprofit that studies the impact of technology on people and the environment. “People are rubbing them on our skin as sunscreens and as cosm
12、etics(化妆品).“ Mooneys group is calling for products, such as sunscreen that are directly absorbed into the body, to be taken off the shelf until there is more study. “Frankly, I dont think that skin creams or strain resistant pants are a good reason to sacrifice someones health,“ he said.The federal
13、government currently spends about $1 billion a year on nanotechnology research under its National Nanotechnology Initiative. A newly released inventory by the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies found about $6 million being spent annually by the federal government on research that is highly focused
14、 on health and environmental effects of nanotechnology. Though the inventory is not a complete accounting of all research, it indicates that a small percentage of research dollars are going to health and safety, said Dave Rejeski, director of the non-partisan policy group. “More energy and more fund
15、ing needs to go into it,“ said Kevin Ausman, executive director of the Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology at Rice University in Texas. “There is not going to be a simple answer to the question Is nanotechnology dangerous?“ he said.But Ausman and others said the nanotechnology sec
16、tor is ahead of the curve when it comes to understanding potential dangers, and is doing far more early research than has been done in other industries, even one as relatively new as biotechnology. “These issues are being discussed openly,“ said Agnes Kane, a pathologist(病理学者) at Brown University, w
17、ho has moved into nanotechnology. She is one of several Brown professors sharing a $1.8 million, four year grant to study the effects of nanoparticles on human and animal cells. The asbestos industry, which was shown to cause cancer and other illnesses, paid the price for a failure to fully understa
18、nd the products dangers before putting it on the market, Kane said. “This is one of the few areas that Ive been in that there has been a discussion at the beginning,“ she said.Rejeski said researchers are struggling with how much to spend and how to decide what research to fund. The groups inventory
19、 of research is a kind of “nanotech dating service“ that can help match up researchers with similar interests who are looking for partners, he said. It can also identify holes and point to areas that need more funding. For example, a search of the inventory shows much of the research now happening i
20、s focused on the lungs. Theres also very little so-called lifecycle research how nanomaterials break down in the environment, Rejeski said.Scientists are also working on creating standard terms for nanotechnology so that researchers from different backgrounds can work together and better understand
21、the research thats been done in other fields.The Nano Business Alliance, a group of large and small businesses, is looking at working with other groups to conduct an economic analysis of the level of funding that is needed for environmental health and safety research in the coming year. The alliance
22、 consists primarily of nanotech startups but also includes major corporations such as Lockheed Martin and Motorola and research institutions including Northwestern and Purdue universities. Sean Murdock, executive director of the group, said he believes its premature to regulate the young industry bu
23、t that businesses recognize that more health and safety research is needed. “If we keep our eye on the ball,“ he said, “we can avoid big downstream problems.“But nanotechnology in future depends on the willingness of government, business and public interest groups both at home and abroad to work tog
24、ether to build consumer trust and to tackle any, potential health and environmental issues early. The Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies was launched in April 2005 by the Wilson Center and The Pew Charitable Trusts to help business, governments and the public anticipate and manage the possible hum
25、an and environmental implications of nanotechnology.2 The passage mainly aims to identify that nanotech may do potential damage to our health and environment.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG3 The Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies calls for all kinds of people and global institutions to participate.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG
26、4 According to scientists possible threat from nanomaterials may cause some severe problems.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG5 At present consumers are concerned with health problems from nanotech much more than scientists do.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG6 Pat believes that sometime people should consider materials advantage inste
27、ad of its influence an their health.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG7 Dave Rejeski thinks that nanotechnology research should be funded more money.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG8 Nanotechnulogy is one of the fields which is discussed on its health and environment effects just after its appearance.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG9 The inventory of
28、research is not only a nanotech dating service, but also can find out the areas which need more_.10 In order to unify different kinds of researchers on nanotechnology scientists begin to draft a_.11 The Nano Business Alliance is originally composed of nanotech startups, major corporations and_.Secti
29、on ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During
30、 the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）Hes not sure he wants to go to the party.（B） He may not be able to give the woman a ride.（C） He just returned from a visit to the Andersons.（D）He will give the woman a ride if he was also invited
31、to the party.（A）He doesnt have a computer.（B） He cant understand the instructions.（C） He needs to take his computer to repair.（D）He has a Doctors degree in computer science.（A）He will allow the woman to miss class.（B） He will reconsider the womans excuse.（C） He suggests that the student try to resch
32、edule the operation.（D）He wont let students leave unless they have medical excuses.（A）She forgot about the seminar.（B） She has been ill for several weeks.（C） She wasnt able to attend the seminar.（D）She hadnt planned to attend the seminar.（A）He knows who the wallet belongs to.（B） He can call the owne
33、r from his house.（C） Some member of his family lost the wallet.（D）The woman should keep the wallet at his house.（A）He wont proofread the lab report until later.（B） Hes not qualified to proofread the womans report.（C） He thinks the woman should have asked him earlier.（D）Hell be able to talk to the wo
34、man in a few minutes.（A）She intends to visit her friend in Texas.（B） She sometimes travels abroad for her job.（C） Her friend has never been to Texas before（D）She hasnt spoken to her friend for a long time.（A）Five lessons.（B） Three lessons.（C） Twelve lessons.（D）Fifteen lessons.（A）A standard unit for
35、measuring weight.（B） How to care for precious metals.（C） The value of precious metals.（D）Using the metric system.（A）To measure amounts of rainfall.（B） To check the accuracy of scales.（C） To observe changes in the atmosphere.（D）To calculate the density of other metals.（A）It is too high for such a lig
36、ht weight.（B） It is difficult to judge the value of such an object.（C） It is a small amount to pay for so much precious metal.（D）It is reasonable for an object with such an important function.（A）The university provides two types of accommodation.（B） Students must apply early since the places are lim
37、ited.（C） A student may choose from university-owned or private accommodation.（D）Most students prefer self-supplying accommodation.（A）37.86.（B） 5.41.（C） 52.（D）7.43.（A）Before the end of the month.（B） At the beginning of the year.（C） Next month.（D）Any time.（A）Self-supplying accommodation is very far fr
38、om the university.（B） If the student wants a private accommodation, he may call the Students Union.（C） A student may live where he or she likes.（D）There are limited places in university-owned accommodation.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passa
39、ge, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）More than 12%.（B） Almost 50%.（C） Nearly 60%.（D）About 70%.（A）They are self-evident.（B） They are yet t
40、o be proved.（C） They are to be further studied.（D）They are supported by scientific evidence.（A）Different Forms of Exercise（B） ExerciseThe Road to Health（C） RunningA Popular Form of Sport（D）Scientific Evidence of Health Benefits（A）Because the family was extremely large.（B） Because he didnt live very
41、long with them.（C） Because he was too young when he lived with them.（D）Because he was fully occupied with observing nature.（A）He was first of all a scientist.（B） He was a naturalist but not a scientist.（C） He was no more than a born naturalist.（D）He was a scientist as well as a naturalist.（A）Because
42、 he came up with solutions in a most natural way.（B） Because he lacked some of the qualities required of a scientist.（C） Because he had a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic.（D）Because he just read about other peoples observations and discoveries.（A）To improve her computer program.（B） To f
43、ind out their attitudes towards food.（C） To find out details she can make use of.（D）To predict what food theyll like in the future.（A）People believe what the computer tells them.（B） People can be led to believe in something false.（C） People tend to forget their childhood experiences.（D）People are no
44、t always aware of their personalities.（A）If they learn it is harmful for health.（B） If they lie to themselves that they dont want it.（C） If they are willing to let doctors control their minds.（D）If they. think they once had a bad experience of eating it.（A）Whether it is moral.（B） Who it is best for.
45、（C） When it is effective.（D）How it should be used.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the bl
46、anks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 37 We generally view the family as being one of our
47、most stable institutions: yet, our family system has 【B1】_ a number of changes in the past. Two hundred years ago, marriages were often arranged by parents, with economic 【B2】_ being the most important factor of who married whom. Two hundred years ago, divorce was 【B3】 _; now, more than one out of t
48、hree marriages are in 【B4】_. Two hundred years ago, women did not work out of the home. and children were an economic 【B5】 _; now nearly 50 percent of married women work outside the home, and children are a 【B6】_ responsibility.In our 【B7】_ society, the family is now changing even more rapidly than
49、it did in the past.In 【 B8】_ the future of the American family, some authorities foresee the family as racing toward extinction. They say that 【B9】_, and this will be its only function.Family optimists, on the other hand, predict the familys entering a Golden Agean era where 【B10】_. Most sociologists, however, do not agree with either the pessimists or the optimists; instead, 【B11】_, many of which will probably be thrown
