1、2015 年下半年中学教师资格认定考试（初级英语学科知识与教学能力）真题试卷（精选）及答案与解析一、单项选择题1 Which of the following correctly describes the English phoneme /?（A）A voiceless dental fricative.（B） A voiceless alveolar fricative.（C） A voiceless dental plosive.（D）A voiceless alveolar plosive.2 Which of the following consonant clusters may
2、not serve as the beginning of a word?（A）/spr/（B） /shw/（C） /str/（D）/swt/3 The gold medal was _ to Ms. Barrette for her excellent performance in the drama.（A）distributed（B） contributed（C） awarded（D）rewarded4 The visitors had made so much_that Mr Water had to spend several days cleaning up afterwards.（
3、A）trouble（B） disturbance（C） damage（D）mess5 How many morphemes does the word “telecommunication“ contain?（A）1（B） 2（C） 3（D）46 In the foreign languages bookstore_to be found books in various languages.（A）is（B） is been（C） are（D）are been7 A person needs to know who he/she is before being able to know wha
4、t_ makes him or her happy.（A）is it that（B） it is that（C） is it which（D）it is which8 There_ nothing more for discussion, the conference came to an end 20 minutes earlier.（A）be（B） to be（C） being（D）to have been9 Which of the following is an entailment of the utterance “Annie broke the window“?（A）Annie
5、was careless.（B） Annie was disruptive.（C） Annie did something to the window.（D）It is Annie who broke the window.10 The following conversation clearly violates the_.A: How did you finally go to school?B: The bus was so fast so I got to school very early.（A）Maxim of Quantity（B） Maxim of Relation（C） Ma
6、xim of Quality（D）Maxim of Manner11 Which of the following statements about a lesson plan is inappropriate?（A）It is a teaching guide.（B） It is a blueprint to be strictly followed.（C） It takes into account syllabus and students.（D）It describes in advance what and how to teach.12 Skill-integrated activ
7、ities allow teachers to build in more_ into a lesson, for the range of activities will be wider.（A）certainty（B） simplicity（C） variety（D）accuracy13 A language proficiency test that only consists of multiple-choice questions lacks_.（A）construct validity（B） content validity（C） test reliability（D）scorer
8、 reliability14 When a teacher asks students to rearrange a set of sentences into a logical paragraph, he/ she is trying to draw their attention to_.（A）grammar（B） vocabulary（C） sentence patterns（D）textual coherence15 Which of the following activities would help students develop the skill of extractin
9、g specific information?（A）Inferring meaning from the context.（B） Recognizing the authors beliefs and attitudes.（C） Using information in the reading passage to make hypotheses.（D）Listening to the flight information to see if the plane is on time.16 Which of the following activities can be used to che
10、ck students understanding of difficult sentences in the text?（A）Paraphrasing.（B） Blank-filling.（C） Story-telling.（D）Summarizing.17 When a teacher organizes group work, which of the following might be of the least concern?（A）Increasing peer interaction.（B） Increasing individual practice.（C） Developin
11、g language accuracy.（D）Providing variety and dynamics.18 If a teacher asks students to collect, compare and analyze certain sentence patterns, he/she aims at developing students _.（A）discourse awareness（B） cultural awareness（C） strategic competence（D）linguistic competence19 When a teacher says to th
12、e whole class, “Stand up and act out the dialogue“, he/she is playing the role of a(n)_.（A）monitor（B） organizer（C） assessor（D）prompter20 Which of the following may better check students ability of using a grammatical structure?（A）Having them work out the rule.（B） Having them give some examples.（C） H
13、aving them explain the meaning.（D）Having them explain the structure.二、简答题21 请说明精听与泛听的区别，并分别简述教师应该如何指导学生进行精听与泛听的训练。三、教学情境分析题22 王老师是七年级的英语老师，在一次英语课上，他首先讲解了 like 与 dislike 的区别，然后要求学生做一项配对活动，活动结束后，他宣布做练习四。整个活动过程中，王老师始终在台上，活动过程如下图。(1)该教师在每个活动阶段分别存在什么问题?(2)针对每个阶段中存在的问题提出相应的建议。四、教学设计题23 设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和素材，设
14、计一个 15 分钟的口语教学活动，教案没有固定格式，但要包括以下几点：teaching objectivesteaching contentskey and difficult pointsmajor steps and time allocationactivities and justificatios教学时间：15 分钟学生概况：某城镇普通初一年级第一学期学生，40 人。多数学生已经达到义务教育英语课程标准(2011 年版)二级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：Dear Jenny,I am very busy on Friday. At 8:00 I have math. It
15、is not fun. The teacher says it is useful, but I think it is difficult. Then at 9:00 I have science. It is difficult but interesting. At 10:00 I have history. After that, I have P.E. at 11:00. Its easy and fun. Lunch is from 12:00 to 1:00, and after that we have Chinese. It is my favorite subject. O
16、ur Chinese teacher, Mr. Wang, is great fun. My classes finish at 1:50, but after that I have an art lesson for two hours. It is really relaxing! How about you? When are your classes? What is your favorite subject?Your friend, YuMei五、阅读理解23 From James Moriarty to Ernst Stavro Blofeld, the idea of the
17、 evil genius has been a staple of storytelling. But is it true? Or, to put the matter less starkly, is there a connection between creativity and dishonesty in real people who are not bent on world domination, as well as in fictional supervillains? Writing in Psychological Science, Francesca Gino of
18、Harvard University and Scott Wiltermuth of the University of Southern California suggest that there isand that cheating actually increases creativity. Dr Gino and Dr Wiltermuth tested the honesty of 153 volunteers with a task that involved adding up numbers for a cash reward, which was presented in
19、a way that seemed to them to allow them to cheat undetected(though the researchers knew when they did). This was sandwiched between two tests for creativity, one of which was to work out how to fix a candle to a cardboard wall with a box of drawing pins, and the other a word-association test. This c
20、ombination showed not only that creative people cheat more, but also that cheating seems to encourage creativityfor those who cheated in the adding-up test were even better at word association than their candle-test results predicted.That result was confirmed by a second set of experiments, in which
21、 some people were given many opportunities to cheat and others few. The crucial predictor of creativity, the researchers confirmed, was the actual amount of cheating, not any propensity to cheat.A third experiment tested the idea that this is because both creativity and dishonesty require, as it wer
22、e, a flexible attitude to rules. In this experiment volunteers were asked about their attitude to bossy signs, such as “no cycling“ and “no diving“ notices, after being allowed to cheat(again, in a way transparent to the experimenters)on a coin-tossing test. Cheats, it turned out, were less constrai
23、ned to obey such signs.It is, it goes without saying, a long way from such acts of petty defiance to building a lair inside an extinct volcano and threatening Washington from itor even to non-fictional acts of serious crime. But some sort of link exists, so this research does indeed suggest that Art
24、hur Conan Doyle and Ian Fleming were on to something.24 What can be concluded from the passage about James Moriarty and Ernst Stavro Blofeld?（A）They are two evil geniuses.（B） They are two psychologists.（C） They are two story-tellers.（D）They are two researchers.25 Which of the following is closest in
25、 meaning to the underlined phrase “were on to something“ in the last paragraph?（A）were inspired by something.（B） were going to do something.（C） were worried about something.（D）were aware of the nature.26 Which of the following describes the sequence of Dr Gino and Dr Wiltermuths research?（A）candle t
26、est, adding-up test, word association test.（B） candle test, word association test, adding-up test.（C） adding-up test, candle test, word association test.（D）adding-up test, word association test, candle test.27 What does the underlined words “the other“ in Paragraph 2 refer to?（A）The trick.（B） The te
27、st.（C） The reward.（D）The combination.28 What conclusion can be drawn from this passage?（A）The more a person cheats, the more creative he is.（B） Cheating is likely to encourage creativity to some extent.（C） A person who cheats is more creative than a person who doesnt.（D）A person who is creative chea
28、ts more than a person who is less creative.2015 年下半年中学教师资格认定考试（初级英语学科知识与教学能力）真题试卷（精选）答案与解析一、单项选择题1 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 考查音素的分类。voiceless“不带声(清音的)”；dental“齿音”；alveolar“齿龈音”；fricative“摩擦音”；plosive“爆破音”，属于清音、齿音、摩擦音，故选 A。2 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 考查音系学里面的序列规则。如果一个词汇 3 个辅音连在一起在词首的话，应该满足第一个发音是s，第 2 个是 por t or k ，第 3 个
29、是lorrorw，D 选项违反了此规则，故选 D。3 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 考查动词辨析。distribute 意为“分配，分发”，contribute 意为“贡献，有助于”，award 意为“授予，颁发”，reward 意为“酬谢，奖赏”。award to sb意为“授予某人”，句意为“由于巴雷特女士在戏剧中出色的表现，她被授予金牌”。故选 C。4 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 考查名词辨析。句意为“游客留下了太多的_，Water 先生花了几天时间才清理完”。trouble 意为“麻烦，烦恼 ”，disturbance 意为“干扰，骚乱”，damage 意为“损害，毁坏”，mess
30、意为“混乱，脏乱的东西 ”。只有 mess 符合语境，故答案选 D。5 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 考查形态学的语素知识。语素被定义为含有语义的最小的语言单位。telecommunication 由前缀 tele-、词干 communicate 和后缀-ion 组成，故由 3 个语素组成。6 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 考查倒装句和主谓一致。当表示地点的介词短语位于句首时，句子要用全倒装。In theforeign languages bookstore 为表示地点的介词短语，放在了句首，故需将句子的主谓倒装。因为主语是 books，故排除 A、B，没有“系动词+been”这种形式，故 D
31、 错误。原句正常语序为 Books in various languages are to be foundin the foreign languages bookstore。句意为“在外语书店里可以找到各种语言的书”。故选 C。7 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 考查宾语从句语序和强调句。know 后跟了宾语从句，从句引导词为 what，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，故排除 A、C 两项；宾语从句为强调句，what 在从句中充当被强调部分，强调句的结构为 it iswasthatwho。句意为“一个人在能够知道是什么让自己快乐之前，需要知道自己是谁”。故选 B。8 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 考
32、查独立主格结构。“there being+名词代词”为一种常见的独立主格结构。句意为“没有什么要讨论的了，会议提前 20 分钟结束了”。故选 C。9 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 考查语句之间的蕴涵关系。A is an entailment of B 意为“如果 B，则 A”，即 B 为真则 A 为真。题干中“Annie 打破了窗户”为真，则“Annie 对窗户做了什么”也为真，其他选项都不成立，故选 C。10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 考查会话合作准则。题干问的是下列对话违反了什么原则，B 的答语比 A 所想要知道的答案多很多内容，违背了“Maxim of Quantity”。数量准则指
33、的是尽量提供对方所需信息，不提供冗余信息。它包括两方面，一是所需的话应包含交谈目的所需信息量；二是所说的话不应超出交际所需的信息量。A 是数量准则，B 是关系准则，C 是质量准则，D 是方式准则。故选 A。11 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 考查教案的内涵。此题是问：下列关于教案的表述，哪个是不恰当的?A 项意为“它是一项教学指导”；B 项意为“它是一项必须严格遵照的计划 ”；C项意为“它需要考虑到教学大纲和学生”：D 项意为 “它事先描述了要教什么和怎么教”。A、C、D 项分别体现了教案的性质、要求和内容，但教案只是一份教学计划，在实际过程中会因为一些突发状况而随时进行调整，所以 B 项说“
34、需要严格遵照执行”是不准确的。故选 B。12 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 考查综合技能相关知识。此题是问：综合技能活动允许老师在课程中融入更多_，因为活动范围会更加广泛。A 项意为“确定性”，B 项意为“简单性”，C 项意为“多样性”，D 项意为“准确性”。从题干当中的 integrated 和wider 等词可以判断出，只有使课堂活动更加多样，才会带来活动范围的扩大。故选 C。13 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 考查语言测试标准。此题是问：一个只有多项选择题的语言水平测试缺乏什么?A 项意为“结构效度”，B 项意为“内容效度 ”，C 项意为“测试信度”，D 项意为“评分者信度”。多项选择题
35、成为最普遍的测试手段的主要原因在于它较高的表面效度和信度，但其实并不是真正有效的。以多项选择题形式出现的语言测试，即使学生能拿高分，也不一定表明其能够自如运用这些语法结构知识进行书面表达或口头交际。也就是说，这一题型只能测试学牛的语言输入能力，如听和读，而不能测试学生的语言输出能力，如说和写。因此，仅以多项选择题构成的语言测试缺乏结构效度。故选 A。14 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 考查教师教学。 15 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 考查阅读策略与技巧。此题是问：下列哪项活动可以帮助学生提高提炼具体信息的能力。A 项意为“通过上下文推断含义 ”，B 项意为“识别作者的看法和态度”，C 项意为
36、“利用阅读文章中的信息作出假设 ”，D 项意为“听取航班信息判断飞机是否准时”.由此可知，A、B、C 三项都是侧重对学生推理判断能力的锻炼，因而只有 D 项是通过听力练习，让学生注意细节信息 (如飞机航班时间)，来训练学生提取细节信息能力。故选 D。16 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 考查教学活动。此题是问：下列哪项活动可以被用来检查学生对于文章中难句的理解?A 项意为“释义”，B 项意为“填空 ”，C 项意为“讲故事”，D 项意为“总结”。如果想考查学生对于难句是否理解，可以通过让他们用自己的话进行重新解释来判断。其他几项只涉及对具体信息或文章大意的把握。故选 A。17 【正确答案】 C【试
37、题解析】 考查小组活动。此题是问：当老师组织小组活动时，下列哪项可以予以最少关注?A 项意为“增加同伴间的互动”，B 项意为“增加个人练习”，C 项意为“提高语言准确性”，D 项意为“提供多样性和动力 ”。组织小组活动的目的一般是调动学生学习兴趣，培养学生的参与、合作等能力，锻炼他们的实际语言运用能力。基于这样的目的，在小组活动中，老师可以适当忽略对于语言准确性的要求。故选C。18 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 考查教师组织活动的意图。此题是问：如果老师让学生去收集、比较和分析某些句型，他她旨在发展学生的_。A 项意为“语篇意识”，B 项意为“文化意识”，C 项意为“策略能力”，D 项意为“语
38、言能力”。由题干可以看出，老师组织的活动主要是针对句型结构，进一步而言，实际体现的是对语言能力的训练。故选 D。19 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 考查教师的角色。此题是问：当老师对全班同学说“站起来，把这个对话表演出来”，那么他她扮演的角色是_。A 项意为“调控者”，指老师对活动的进程进行把握，保证其开展得顺利有效；B 项意为“组织者”，指教师对课堂教学活动进行组织，使课堂有序进行；C 项意为 “评价者”，指老师对学生的表现进行评价；D 项意为“提示者”，常指老师在学生不知道要做什么说什么时给予适当的提示。在该题中，老师让学生进行一项具体活动，体现了对于课堂活功的设计组织，所以扮演的是组织者
39、的角色。故选 B。20 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 考查语法教学技能。此题是问：下列哪一项可以更好地检测学生运用语法结构的能力?A 项意为“让他们找出规律”， B 项意为“让他们给出一例子”，C 项意为“让他们解释含义”，D 项意为“让他们说明结构”。通过让学生给出一些相同语法结构的例句，可以更准确地判断出他们对于该句法结构的把握。故选 B。二、简答题21 【正确答案】 (1)精听与泛听的区别：精听(Careful listening)是通过听课文，再把文章的内容感知一遍，同时可以加深对文章细节内容的深入了解。并且可以通过一些练习来检验听的效果，如：Filling in BlanksTrue
40、 or False QuestionsForms。泛听(Extensive listening)是让学生初步听材料并回答问题，让学生初步了解文章的主旨大意(main idea)和基本信息(basic information) ，例如：时间、地点、原因、方式等。(2)教师在指导学生进行精听训练时，要与语音、语法和词汇的学习相结合，可以与“听”“读”和“ 写” 的技能训练相结合，还可以与社会、文化背景知识的学习相结合。在进行精听训练时，教师可以指导学生在反复多听的基础上完成一些辨音、填充缺失内容、听写的练习，之后还可以进行一些拓展练习，如总结听力材料中出现的语音现象、跟读或朗读内容、分析听力材料的
41、文本结构和语言特点等。教师在指导学生进行泛听训练时，一定要严格要求学生，听力过程应该一气呵成，中间不能停顿或来回重复。在泛听训练中可以使用的听力练习包括：测试对听力内容是否理解的选择题、判断题，测试能否抓住重点词句的填空题，以及用自己的语言写出或口述出所听到的主要内容的练习等。完成这些练习后，教师要注意和学生及时总结，或和学生共同讨论泛听的策略，例如，如何根据上下文判断生词的含义、如何预测下文等。三、教学情境分析题22 【正确答案】 (1)该教师在每个活动阶段存在的问题有：活动开始前，该教师下发任务不够明确，没有限定活动时间，学生在练习的过程中可能会没有计划，课堂会比较散漫；另外，教师在活动前
42、应该提供一个示范，使学生在活动练习的过程中更明确。活动开始中，该教师不应该一直站在讲台上，应该参与到学生的活动中去，体现教师参与者、指导者、调控者、促进者等角色。活动结束后，该教师不应该直接宣布做练习四，应该要求学生对前面的配对活动做出反馈，并给予适当的反馈与鼓励。(2)每个阶段的建议：活动开始前，教师应该合理选择任务的难度，使学生明确任务的目标，尤其是任务的目的、完成的过程以及对于结果的要求，都要交代得清清楚楚。同时要给予学生充分的活动准备时间，提供必要的语言资源，给学生提供一些可供选择的完成思路。活动开始中，教师要充分发挥自己的作用，摆正自己的位置，此时教师不仅是平时课堂上的指导者，同时还
43、是活动中的参与者、调控者。教师应该走到学生中去参与讨论，而不是一直站在讲台上看着学生讨论。同时，还要注意防止学生失控，如使用母语或说一些与主题无关的事甚至出现吵闹的现象。活动结束后，教师要注意引导学生进行反馈，让学生独立、完整地反馈成果，提升语言的准确度和流利度。对于学生在活动中出现的问题，要及时反馈，引导学生改正；对于学生表现优秀的地方，要及时给予鼓励，增强学生的自信心，提高英语学习的兴趣和合作意识。四、教学设计题23 【正确答案】 Teaching Contents:A letter that Yu Mci writes to her friend Jenny, which talks a
44、bout her study life on Friday. Teaching Objectives:(1)Kownledge objectives Students can master the meaning and usage of this writing. Students can use the fixed structures “I have science/math/Chinese/PE“ and “It is + adj.“ in proper situation to talk about their study life.(2)Ability objectives Stu
45、dents can get the main idea about what Yu Mei is talking about after listening, and can get some useful information from the writing. Students can improve their listening and speaking abilities through class activities.(3)Emotional objectives Students can improve the confidence of learning English,
46、and are not afraid of speaking English in class. Students can cooperate with others actively, and complete the tasks together. Teaching Key Point:Students can use the new sentences “I have science/math/Chinese/PE“ and “It is + adj.“ to talk about their study life.Teaching Difficult Points:(1)Student
47、s can use the new sentences correctly;(2)Students can understand it is very necessary to talk about the study life with their friends to share their idea.Teaching Procedures: Step 1 Presentation(7 minutes)(1)The teacher shows the passage on the PPT and asks students to read the passage and find out
48、the following information.How does Yu Mei think of the math?What does Yu Mei have at 10:00?What s Yu Mei s favorite subject?Then the teacher asks students to fill in the blanks of the table, and asks them to check the answer in pairs.(2)The teacher plays the tape, and asks students to read after the
49、 tape, and pay more attention to the pronunciation, and do the imitation.(Justification: Through the various a ctivities, students can understand the details of the writing and learn to communicate with each other.)Step 2 Practice(4 minutes)The teacher shows the picture about one students study, and asks students to describe the content according to the picture with deskmates. For instance:A: What lessons does he have on Friday?B: He has math.(Justification: T
