1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 112 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on t
2、he Answer Sheet.0 Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early read
3、er and I could not do mental arithmetic.Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grand-parents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have
4、a crystal-clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds and, above all, the insects.I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnigh
5、t oil while reading about other peoples observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle, because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and book
6、s, which some might honor with the title of scientific research.But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist; one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only se
7、lf-discipline but hard training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.1 The first paragraph tells us that the author_.（A）was born to a naturalists family（B） lost his hearing when he was a
8、child（C） didnt like his brothers and sisters（D）was interested in flowers and insects in his childhood2 The author cant remember his relatives clearly because_.（A）he didnt live very long with them（B） he was fully occupied with observing nature（C） he was too young when he lived with them（D）the family
9、was extremely large3 Which of the following statement is true?（A）The author believes that a born naturalist cannot be a scientist.（B） The authors brothers and sisters were good at music and languages.（C） The author read a lot of books about the natural world and the oil industry.（D）The author spent
10、a lot of time working on riddles.4 The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he_.（A）lacks some of the qualities required of a scientist（B） has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic（C） just reads about other peoples observations and discoveri
11、es（D）comes up with solutions in a most natural way5 According to the author, a born naturalist should first of all be_.（A）full of ambition（B） full of enthusiasm（C） knowledgeable（D）self-disciplined5 Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewed biologically, the moder
12、n footballer is in reality a member of a hunting group. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey(猎物) into a goal-mouth. If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal, he enjoys the hunters triumph of killing his prey.To understand how this transformation has taken place, we
13、must briefly look back at our forefathers. They spent over a million years evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even their bodies, became greatly changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, ai
14、mers, throwers and prey-killers. They co-operated as skillful male-group attackers.Then about ten thousand years ago, after this immensely long period of hunting their food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, was put to a new usethat of controlling
15、and domesticating their prey. The hunt became suddenly out of date. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of the hunt were no longer essential for survival.The skills and thirst for hunting remained, however, and demanded new outlets. Hunting for sport re
16、placed hunting for necessity. This new activity involved all the original hunting sequences, but the aim of the operation was no longer to avoid starvation. Instead the sportsmen set off to test their skill against prey that were no longer essential to their survival. To be sure, the kill may have b
17、een eaten, but there were other, much simpler ways of obtaining a meaty meal.6 The author believes that sporting activities_.（A）are forms of biological development（B） are essentially forms of taming the prey（C） have actually developed from hunting（D）have changed the way of hunting7 In a football gam
18、e, what is equal to the prey in hunting is_.（A）any member of the opposing team（B） the goal-mouth（C） the goal keeper（D）the football8 For over a million years, our forefathers were basically_.（A）co-operating hunters（B） successful farmers（C） runners and jumpers（D）skillful sportsmen9 The word “operation
19、“ (Para.4) refers to_.（A）domesticating animals（B） hunting（C） prey killing（D）sports activities10 Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?（A）It is farming that gives human beings enough leisure time for sporting activities.（B） Farming is very important in human civilization
20、 because it saves human beings from risks and uncertainties of hunting for survival.（C） It is hunting that provides human beings with much simpler ways of obtaining meaty meals.（D）Sporting activities satisfy the desire of modern man to exercise hunting skills which his forefathers developed for surv
21、ival.10 A subject which seems to have been insufficiently studied by doctors and psychologists is the influence of geography and climate on the psychological and physical health of mankind. There seems no doubt that the general character of the landscape, the relative length of day and night, and th
22、e climate must all play a big part in determining what kind of people we are.It is true that a few studies have been made. Where all the inhabitants of particular area enjoy exceptionally good or bad health, scientists have identified contributory factors such as the presence or absence of substance
23、s like iodine, fluoride, calcium, or iron in the water supply, or perhaps types of land that provide breeding places for pests like mosquitoes or rats.Moreover, we can all generalize about types of people we have met. Those living in countries with long dark winters are apt to be less talkative and
24、less vivacious(活泼的) than inhabitants of countries where the climate is more equable (稳定). And where the olive and the orange grow, there the inhabitants are cheerful, talkative, and spontaneous.But these commonplace generalizations are inadequate: the influence of climate and geography should be stu
25、died in depth. Do all mountain dwellers live to a ripe old age? Does the drinking of wine, rather than beer, result in a sunny and open temperament? Is the strength and height of one of the Kenyan tribes due to their habitual drinking of the blood of cows?We are not yet sure of the answers to such q
26、uestions, but let us hope that something of benefit to mankind may eventually result from such studies.11 _might serve as a suitable title for this selection.（A）The Importance of Geographical Environment（B） The Influence of Geographical Environment on Man（C） Generalization of Types of People（D）Geogr
27、aphical Environment, a Mysterious Subject12 Using context clues we may infer that “iodine, fluoride, and calcium“ are_.（A）substances which act positively or negatively on mans health（B） harmful substances in the water supply（C） substances which help provide breeding places for pests（D）substances con
28、tributory to good health13 We may infer from the third paragraph that geography and climate play an important role in determining the inhabitants _.（A）health condition（B） personality（C） life-span（D）all of the above14 According to the author, research into the influence of geography and climate shoul
29、d_.（A）focus on some unknown aspects（B） be pursued on a larger scale（C） be carried out within a larger scope（D）go much deeper15 The author hopes that studies on the influence of geographical environment will enable us to_.（A）generalize better about types of people（B） find better water supplies（C） gai
30、n an insight into its influence on mankind（D）live to a ripe old age15 The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things; the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarc
31、e. “In Europe,“ said Thomas Jefferson, “the object is to make the most of their land, labor being sufficient; here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant. “It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in the nineteenth century agricultural machinery first came. At the open
32、ing of the century, with the exception of a crude(粗糙的) plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs. By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As
33、early as 1890 Charles Newbolt of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, would home none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted the
34、ir attention to the plow, until in 1869, James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.16 The word “here“ in Line 4 refers to_.（A）Europe（B） America（C） New Jersey（D）Indiana17 Which of the following statements is NOT true?（A）The need for labor helped the invention of mac
35、hinery in America.（B） The farmer rejected Charles Newbolt s plow for fear of ruin of their fields.（C） Both Europe and America had great need for farm machinery.（D）It was in Indiana that the first chilled-steel plow was produced.18 The passage is mainly about_.（A）the agriculture revolution（B） the inv
36、ention of labor-saving machinery（C） the development of scientific agriculture（D）the farming machinery in America19 At the opening of the nineteenth century, farmers in America_.（A）preferred light tools（B） were extremely self-reliant (自给的)（C） had many tools（D）had very few tools20 It is implied but no
37、t stated in the passage that_.（A）there was a shortage of workers on American farms（B） the most important of the early invention was the iron plow（C） after 1869, many people devoted their attention to the plow（D）Charles Newbolt had made a fortune by his cast-iron plow20 Katherine walked into a newspa
38、per office, and demanded to see the editor. Fortunately, the editor was passing the inquiry office when she asked for him. Seeing she was a girl of school age, he thought it might offer him an amusing five minutes between interviews.Katherine was very rude to him when he told her they didnt accept s
39、choolgirls. She said she was surprised that the editor of a great London newspaper did not know how to behave like a gentleman. The editor sat back in his chair and laughed heartily. He had never been spoken to like that in his life. He rather liked it for its novelty. After some further conversatio
40、n, in which Katherine attempted to persuade him that she could do anything he wanted, from writing a leading article to a serial story, she said: “I am not going to leave this room until you put me on the staff!“Then the editor had to speak to her rather seriously, and told her what a great London n
41、ewspaper meant to a girl and how utterly ignorant she was of everything that would make her useful as a journalist. Upon this Katherine burst into tears, and the editor, who had dismissed many men in the course of his career, walked up and down the room wondering what he could do for this extraordin
42、ary young girl whose tearful eyes were so full of disappointment.“Look here,“ he said, “if you come to me in two years time, with a knowledge of shorthand, and if you promise not to shed tears on my blotting-paper, I will give you something to do.“Really? If you dont mind, Ill have it in black and w
43、hite,“ said the girl.The editor was startled. He began to think that this young girl was not so young as she looked. He drafted out an agreement for her on the lines laid down with a great deal of solemnity (严肃) which he found quite amusing, for he was confident that the young girl might quite as we
44、ll change her mind or would be engaged to a nice boy long before the agreement took effect.21 The real reason why the editor decided to interview the girl was that he_.（A）heard her asking for him（B） was not very busy（C） thought it would amuse him（D）liked to work with young girls22 “He rather liked i
45、t for its novelty“ means he liked it because it was_.（A）unusual（B） pleasant（C） courageous（D）friendly23 The editor walked up and down the room, because he was_.（A）rather angry with her（B） afraid other people would hear her crying（C） not sure whether he should dismiss her or not（D）trying to make a dec
46、ision24 As their conversation continued, the editor_.（A）changed his opinion of the girl（B） grew tired of her（C） became annoyed（D）thought she was too uneducated25 When the editor drafted out the agreement for the girl, he_.（A）hoped that this would please the girl（B） wished that it would take effect s
47、oon（C） adopted a rather serious attitude（D）didnt mean what he wrote专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 112 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.
48、Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从文章第一段第二句“Although we were all brought up in the same way，my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects”可推知作者的兄弟姐妹不久就放弃了这种爱好，而作者却没有。因此选 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 B【试题解
49、析】 从第二段最后一句“But I do have a crystalclear memory of the dogs，the farm animals，the local birds and，above all，the insects”可推断出答案是 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由第一段倒数第二句“Unlike them，I had no ear for music and languages”可推断出作者的兄弟姐妹们都很擅长音乐和语言。其他几项都同文意不相符。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 第四段第一句说到“one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline，a quality I lack”因此选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从文章第三段第二句“I have a strong love of the nat
