1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 28 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 America is a country on the move. In unheard-of numbers, people of all ages are exercising their way to better health. According to the latest figures, 59 percent of American adults exercise regularlyup 12 percent from just two years ago and more than double the figure of 25 years a
3、go. Even non-exercisers believe they would be more attractive and confident if they were more active.It is hard not to get the message. The virtues of physical fitness are shown on magazine covers, postage stamps, and television ads for everything from beauty soaps to travel books. Exercise as a par
4、t of daily life did not catch on until the late 1960s when research by military doctors began to show the health benefits of doing regular physical exercises. Growing publicity(宣传)for races held in American cities helped fuel a strong interest in the ancient sport of running. Although running has le
5、veled off in recent years as Americans have discovered equally rewardingand sometimes saferforms of exercise, such as walking and swimming, running remains the most popular form of exercise.As the popularity of exercise continues to mount, so does scientific evidence of its health benefits. The key
6、to fitness is exercising the major muscle groups vigorously(强有力地)enough to approximately double the heart rate and keep it doubled for 20 to 30 minutes at a time. Doing such physical exercises three times or more a week will produce considerable improvements in physical health in about three months.
7、1 According to the passage, what was the percentage of American adults doing regular physical exercises two years ago?（A）About 70%.（B） Almost 50%.（C） Nearly 60% .（D）More than 12% .2 A growing interest in sports developed after._.（A）research showed their health benefits（B） people got the message from
8、 magazine covers and postage stamps（C） scientific evidence of health benefits was shown on TV ads（D）an increasing number of races were held in American cities3 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “leveled off“(Para. 2)?（A）become very popular（B） stopped being popular（C） stopped
9、 increasing in popularity（D）reached its lowest level in popularity4 It can be learnt from the passage that the health benefits of exercise_.（A）are yet to be proved（B） are to be further studied（C） are self-evident（D）are supported by scientific evidence5 Which of the following would be the best TITLE
10、for the passage?（A）ExerciseThe Road to Health.（B） Different Forms of Exercise.（C） Scientific Evidence of Health Benefits.（D）RunningA Popular Form of Sport.5 Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothe
11、rs and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my ro
12、om and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grand-parents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal-clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds and, above all, the insects.I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the
13、 natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations . I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people s observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Sudd
14、enly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle(谜), because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research.But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not
15、make a scientist; one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only self-discipline but hard training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you ge
16、t the best of both worlds.6 The first paragraph tells us that the author_.（A）was born to a naturalist s family（B） lost his hearing when he was a child（C） didn t like his brothers and sisters（D）was interested in flowers and insects in his childhood7 The author cant remember his relatives clearly beca
17、use _.（A）he didnt live very long with them（B） he was fully occupied with observing nature（C） he was too young when he lived with them（D）the family was extremely large8 Which of the following statement is true?（A）The author believes that a born naturalist cannot be a scientist.（B） The author s brothe
18、rs and sisters were good at music and languages.（C） The author read a lot of books about the natural world and the oil industry.（D）The author spent a lot of time working on riddles.9 The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he _.（A）lacks some of the
19、qualities required of a scientist（B） has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic（C） just reads about other peoples observations and discoveries（D）comes up with solutions in a most natural way10 According to the author, a born naturalist should first of all be_.（A）full of ambition（B） full of
20、enthusiasm（C） knowledgeable（D）self-disciplined10 Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer is in reality a member of a hunting group. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey(猎物)into a goal-mouth. If
21、his aim is accurate and he scores a goal, he enjoys the hunter s triumph of killing his prey.To understand how this transformation has taken place, we must briefly look back at our forefathers. They spent over a million years evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival depended on success
22、in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even their bodies, became greatly changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They co-operated as skillful male-group attackers.Then about ten thousand years ago, after this immensely long perio
23、d of hunting their food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, was put to a new usethat of controlling and domesticating their prey. The hunt became suddenly out of date. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertaintie
24、s of the hunt were no longer essential for survival.The skills and thirst for hunting remained, however, and demanded new outlets. Hunting for sport replaced hunting for necessity. This new activity involved all the original hunting sequences , but the aim of the operation was no longer to avoid sta
25、rvation. Instead the sportsmen set off to test their skill against prey that were no longer essential to their survival. To be sure, the kill may have been eaten, but there were other, much simpler ways of obtaining a meaty meal.11 The author believes that sporting activities_.（A）are forms of biolog
26、ical development（B） are essentially forms of taming the prey（C） have actually developed from hunting（D）have changed the way of hunting12 In a football game, what is equal to the prey in hunting is_.（A）any member of the opposing team（B） the goal-mouth（C） the goal keeper（D）the football13 For over a mi
27、llion years, our forefathers were basically_.（A）co-operating hunters（B） successful farmers（C） runners and jumpers（D）skillful sportsmen14 The word “operation“(Para. 4)refers to_.（A）domesticating animals（B） hunting（C） prey killing（D）sports activities15 Which of the following best summarizes the main i
28、dea of the passage?（A）It is farming that gives human beings enough leisure time for sporting activities.（B） Farming is very important in human civilization because it saves human beings from risks and uncertainties of hunting for survival.（C） It is hunting that provides human beings with much simple
29、r ways of obtaining meaty meals.（D）Sporting activities satisfy the desire of modern man to exercise hunting skills which his forefathers developed for survival.15 A subject which seems to have been insufficiently studied by doctors and psychologists is the influence of geography and climate on the p
30、sychological and physical health of mankind. There seems no doubt that the general character of the landscape, the relative length of day and night, and the climate must all play a big part in determining what kind of people we are.It is true that a few studies have been made. Where all the inhabita
31、nts of particular area enjoy exceptionally good or bad health , scientists have identified contributory factors such as the presence or absence of substances like iodine , fluoride , calcium, or iron in the water supply, or perhaps types of land that provide breeding places for pests like mosquitoes
32、 or rats.Moreover, we can all generalize about types of people we have met. Those living in countries with long dark winters are apt to be less talkative and less vivacious(活泼的)than inhabitants of countries where the climate is more equable(稳定). And where the olive and the orange grow, there the inh
33、abitants are cheerful, talkative, and spontaneous.But these commonplace generalizations are inadequate; the influence of climate and geography should be studied in depth. Do all mountain dwellers live to a ripe old age? Does the drinking of wine, rather than beer, result in a sunny and open temperam
34、ent? Is the strength and height of one of the Kenyan tribes due to their habitual drinking of the blood of cows?We are not yet sure of the answers to such questions, but let us hope that something of benefit to mankind may eventually result from such studies.16 _ might serve as a suitable title for
35、this selection.（A）The Importance of Geographical Environment（B） The Influence of Geographical Environment on Man（C） Generalization of Types of People（D）Geographical Environment, a Mysterious Subject17 Using context clues we may infer that “iodine, fluoride, and calcium“ are_.（A）substances which act
36、positively or negatively on mans health（B） harmful substances in the water supply（C） substances which help provide breeding places for pests（D）substances contributory to good health18 We may infer from the third paragraph that geography and climate play an important role in determining the inhabitan
37、ts _.（A）health condition（B） personality（C） life-span（D）all of the above19 According to the author, research into the influence of geography and climate should_.（A）focus on some unknown aspects（B） be pursued on a larger scale（C） be carried out within a larger scope（D）go much deeper20 The author hopes
38、 that studies on the influence of geographical environment will enable us to_.（A）generalize better about types of people（B） find better water supplies（C） gain an insight into its influence on mankind（D）live to a ripe old age专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 28 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this pa
39、rt there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从第一段第三句“According to thelatest fig
40、ures，59 percent of American adultsexercise regularly-up 12 percent from just twoyears ago and more than double the figure of 25years ago”可知根据最新的数据，定期运动的美国成年人为 59，这个数字比两年前高 12，由此可知两年前定期运动的美国人大致是 50。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 由第二段第三句“Exercise as a part ofdaily life did not catch on until the late 196
41、0 swhen research by military doctors began to showthe health benefits of doing regular physicalexercises”可知 A 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据这句话的上下文“Althoughrunning has leveled off in recent years asAmericans have discovered equally rewardingand sometimes safer-forms of exercise，such aswalking and
42、 swimming，running remains the mostpopular form of exercise”可知 level off 与下文的 popular 相对，而上下文有明显的转折在里面，因此选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章第三段第一句说到“As thepopularity of exercise continues to mount，so doesscientific evidence of its health benefits”此题的关键是读出 so does 句型。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章开头“In
43、 unheard of numbers，people of all ages are exercising their way to betterhealth”即是中心。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从文章第一段第二句“Although wewere all brought up in the same way，my brothersand sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowersand insects”可推知作者的兄弟姐妹不久就放弃了这种爱好，而作者却没有。因此选 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【
44、正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从第二段最后一句“But I do have acrystalclear memory of the dogs，the farmanimals，the local birds and，above all，theinsects”可推断出答案是 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解8 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由第一段倒数第二句“Unlike them，Ihad no ear for music and languages”可推断出作者的兄弟姐妹们都很擅长音乐和语言。其他几项都同文意不相符。【知识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 第四段第一句说到“one of
45、 theoutstanding and essential qualities required is selfdiscipline，a quality I lack”因此选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解10 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从文章第三段第二句“I have a stronglove of the natural world，and my enthusiasm hasled me into varied investigations”可推知一个天生的自然学家最首要的条件是 enthusiasm。故选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解11 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】
46、 由文章第一段第一句“Sportingactivities are essentially modified forms of huntingbehavior”可知正确答案是 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解12 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由第一段第三句“His killing weaponhas turned into a harmless football and his prey(猎物)into a goalmouth”可知 B 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解13 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 第二段第二句说到“They spent over amillion years evolving
47、as co-operative hunters”因此选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解14 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从上下文推测“This new activity involvedall the original hunting sequences，but the aim of theoperation was no longer to avoid starvation”在这里the operation 和 new activity 相对应。只有 D 项正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解15 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章第一段讲了足球起源，而第二、三段讲了过程的发展，最后一段讲一些区别。只
48、有 D 概括了整个内容。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解16 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 文章先提出一个问题，而后是说明。文章的段首“A subject which seems to have beeninsufficiently studied by doctors and psychologists isthe influence of geography and climate on thepsychological and physical health of mankind”即是中心。故选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解17 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 结合上下文“Whe
49、re all the inhabitants ofparticular area enjoy exceptionally good or badhealth，scientists have identified contributory factorssuch as the presence or absence of substances likeiodine，fluoride，calcium ，or iron in the water supply”可知科学家已识别造成居民身体好坏的一些因素，其中包括“iodine，fluoride，calcium”，故选 A。此题的关键要读出 exceptionally good or bad health 和 the presence or absence。【知识模块】 阅读理解18 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从文章第三段的“talktive”、“vivacious” 、“cheerful” 和“spontaneous”等词可以推断出本段主要讲的是气候对性格的影响。因此 B 项正确。【
