1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 8 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the
2、 Answer Sheet.1 The acquisition of new knowledge about a problem does not always help scientists solve it. Sometimes it complicates the original problem. A striking example of this occurred when the findings of the International Indian Ocean Expedition were reported in 1962.Oceanographers have long
3、been perplexed by the fact that there is so little sediment(沉淀)on the floors of the worlds oceans. Their calculations, based on the estimated rate of sediment accumulation and on the time this process has had to work, indicate that there should be a layer of sand, rock particles, and organic matter
4、from two to two and one-half miles thick over the bottom of the seas. Their findings of the actual thickness of the sediment layer, however, have indicated that it is not more than a fourth of this depth.(Some oceanographers believe the deposit of organic material alone, falling in what they call th
5、e “rain of death“ would have accounted for this amount of sediment.)Then in 1962 the expedition scientists reported that they found the bottom of the Indian Ocean much rougher than had been thought. To the oceanographers, this means that their estimates of the actual thickness of the sediment layer
6、have been too high.Thus it may be that an even thinner later of sediment exists than that which oceanographers had previously considered too small.The report seems to indicate that_.（A）previous estimates of the thickness of the sediment layer were too low（B） previous estimates of the thickness of th
7、e sediment layer were too high（C） sediment accumulates very rapidly（D）the sediment layer is composed of pure organic matter2 Nine-year-old Louis Pasteur rushed into the little house, his face white.“Mother!“ he cried. “A mad dog has bitten my friend Henry, and now they are burning him with red-hot i
8、rons. It s terrible!“ Rabies(狂犬病), Louis. Burning the bites is the only hope of stopping Henry from catching the disease.Sixteen years later Pasteur became a Doctor of Science. And he began making important discoveries in his special field. Pasteur achieved great success in his life. But during the
9、years of research he lost the use of his left arm and leg. Yet he worked on and on, as hard as ever, as he was eager to find a way for curing rabies. He never forgot his friend Henry.After many dangerous experiments on mad dogs, he finally found the answer. Just then a boy who had been badly bitten
10、by a mad dog arrived at his lab. A few days after Pasteur s treatment the boy got better. He did not catch rabies.The discovery gave new hope to people in many countries. People sent money to help build the Pasteur Institute in Paris. Today it is one of the world s most famous centers for research.P
11、asteur became a Doctor of Science. “Doctor of Science“ here means_.（A）a degree which is the highest in science（B） someone whose job is to make sick people well again（C） a person who works in the lab（D）the post in science3 The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts, unalloyed, unstated, obje
12、ctively selected fact. But in these days of complex news it must provide more; it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts. This is the most important assignment confronting American journalismto make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news as understandab
13、le as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing as “local“ news because any event in the international area has a local reaction in manpower draft, in economic strain, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life.There is in journalism a widespread view that when you embark on
14、(着手)interpretation, you are entering choppy(波浪起伏的)and dangerous waters, the swirling tides of opinion. This is nonsense.The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer and the editor shall confine himself to the “facts“. This insistence raises two questions; What are the facts? Are the bare f
15、acts enough?As to the first query(疑问)consider how a so-called “factual“ story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out of these fifty, his space allotment being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he considers most important. This is Judgment Number One. Then he or his
16、editor decides which of these ten facts shall constitute the lead of the piece.(This is an important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph.)This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on page one, where it has
17、 a large impact, or on page twenty-four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three.Thus, in the presentation of a so-called “factual“ or “objective“ story, at least three judgments are involved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which reporter and editor,
18、 calling upon their research resources, their general background, and their “ news neutralist,“ arrive at a conclusion as to the significance of the news.The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective processesas objective, that is, as any human being
19、can be.The author is implying that_.（A）in writing a factorial story, the writer must use judgment（B） the writer should limit himself to the facts（C） the writer should make the story interesting（D）reporters slant their stories4 Although April did not bring us the rains we all hoped for, and although
20、the Central Valley doesn t generally experience the atmospheric sound and lightning that can accompany those rains, it is still important for parents to be able to answer the youthful questions about thunder and lightening.The reason why these two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults t
21、o explain to children is that they are not very well understood by adults themselves. For example, did you know that the lightning we see flashing down to the earth from a cloud is actually flashing up to a cloud from the earth? Our eyes trick us into thinking we see a downward motion when it s actu
22、ally the other way around. But then, if we believed only what we think we see, we d still insist that the sun rises in the morning and sets at night.Most lightning flashes take place inside a cloud, and only a relative few can be seen jumping between two clouds or between earth and a cloud. But, wit
23、h about 2,000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every minute of the day and night, there s enough activity to produce about 100 lightning strikes on earth every second.Parents can use thunder and lightning to help their children learn more about the world around them. When children understa
24、nd that the light of the lightning flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5 seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval between the flash and the crash to learn how close they were to the actual spark.It can be conclud
25、ed from the passage that_.（A）we should not believe what we see or hear（B） things moving downward are more noticeable（C） people often have wrong concepts about ordinary phenomena（D）adults are not as good as children in observing certain natural phenomena4 Our surroundings are being polluted faster th
26、an nature and man s present efforts cannot prevent it. Time is bringing us more people, and more people will bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities, and the growing use of man-made materials.What can explain and solve this problem? The fact is that pollution is caused by manby his desire f
27、or a modern way of life. We make “increasing industrialization“ our chief aim. So we are often ready to offer everything; clean air, pure water, good food, our health and the future of our children. There is a constant flow of people from the countryside into the cities, eager for the benefits of ou
28、r modern society. But as our technological achievements have grown in the last twenty years, pollution has become a serious problem.Isn t it time we stopped to ask ourselves where we are going and why? It makes one think of the story about the airline pilot who told his passengers over the loudspeak
29、er; “ I ve some good news and some bad news. The good news is that we re making rapid progress at 530 miles per hour. The bad news is that we re lost and don t know where we re going. “ The sad fact is that this becomes a true story when we speak of our modern society.5 Man cannot prevent the world
30、from being polluted because_.（A）the population of the world is increasing fast（B） people use too many man-made materials（C） we have more and more industry（D）we are producing more cars, trucks and buses6 According to the passage, what does man value most among the following?（A）Industry.（B） Health.（C）
31、 Clean air.（D）The future of the children.专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 8 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1 【正确答案】 B【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 A【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 A【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 C【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 C【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 A【知识模块】 阅读理解
