1、浙江专升本（英语）模拟试卷 10 及答案与解析0 Ive been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to g
2、et to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5 th grade English teacher correct your grammar while y
3、ou are trying to capture a fleeting(稍纵即逝的)thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking what it is.
4、The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing. “ In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15 -20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words
5、flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that youve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will
6、believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through you available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something cl
7、oser to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.1 When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel“(Line 4, Para. 1)in the writing process, he means _.（A）no on
8、e can be both creative and critical（B） they cannot be regarded as equally important（C） they are in constant conflict with each other（D）one cannot use them at the same time2 What prevents people from writing on is _.（A）putting their ideas in raw form（B） attempting to edit as they write（C） ignoring gr
9、ammatical soundness（D）trying to capture fleeting thoughts3 What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?（A）To organize ones thoughts logically.（B） To choose an appropriate topic.（C） To get ones ideas down.（D）To collect raw materials.4 One common concern of writers about “free writing“ i
10、s that_.（A）it overstresses the role of the creative mind（B） it takes too much time to edit afterwards（C） it may bring about too much criticism（D）it does not help them to think clearly5 In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?（A）It refines his writing into better sha
11、pe.（B） It helps him to come up with new ideas.（C） It saves the writing time available to him.（D）It allows him to sit on the side and observe.5 As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing diseaseespecially in terms of changing our many
12、 unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious(有营养的)foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes t
13、o work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. B
14、ut we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill“ and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the bodys special needs. Both types have simply been called “well“. In recent yea
15、rs, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well“ and “wellness“ only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their bodys condition. Most import
16、ant, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap(缺陷)may be “well,“ in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitation
17、s. “wellness“ may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of we
18、llness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.6 Today medical care is placing more stress on_.（A）keeping people in a healthy physical condition（B） monitoring patients body functions（C） removing peoples bad living habits（D）ensuring peoples psycholog
19、ical well-being7 In the first paragraph, people are reminded that_.（A）good health is more than not being ill（B） drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful（C） regular health checks are essential to keeping fit（D）prevention is more difficult than cure8 Traditionally, a person is considered “wel
20、l“ if he_.（A）does not have any unhealthy living habits（B） does not have any physical handicaps（C） is able to handle his daily routines（D）is free from any kind of disease9 According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness“ is for people_.（A）to best satisfy their bodys special needs（B） to strive
21、to maintain the best possible health（C） to meet the strictest standards of bodily health（D）to keep a proper balance between work and leisure10 According to what the author advocates, which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy?（A）People who have strong muscles as well as slim
22、 figures.（B） People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.（C） People who try to be as possible, regardless of their limitations.（D）People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.10 Every living thing has an inner biological clock that controls behavior. Th
23、e clock works all the time; even when there are no outside signs to mark the passing of time. The biological clock tells plants when to form flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells insects when to leave the protective cocoon and fly away. And it tells animals when to eat, sleep and wake.
24、It controls body temperature, the release of some hormones(荷尔蒙)and even dreams. These natural daily events are circadian(生理节奏的)rhythms.Man has known about them for thousands of years. But the first scientific observation of circadian rhythms was not made until 1729. In that year French astronomer, J
25、ean-Jacques dOrtous de Mariran, noted that one of his plants opened its leaves at the same time every morning, and closed them at the same time every night. The plant did this even when he kept it in a dark place all the time. Later scientists wondered about circadian rhythms in humans. They learned
26、 that mans biological clock actually keeps time with a day of a little less than 25 hours instead of the 24 hours hours on a man-made clock.About four years ago, an American doctor, Eliot Weitzman, established a laboratory to study how our biological clock works. The people in his experiments are sh
27、ut off from the outside world. They are free to listen to and live by their circadian rhythms. Dr. Weitzman hopes his research will lead to effective treatments for common sleep problems and sleep disorders caused by ageing and mental illness. In the first four years of research, Dr. Weitzman and hi
28、s assistant have observed 16 men between the ages of 21 and 80. The men remained in the laboratory for as long as six months. Dava Sobol became the first woman to take part in the experiment. She entered the laboratory on June 13th and stayed for 25 days. Miss Sobol wrote reports about the experimen
29、t during that time, which was published in the newspaper.11 The biological clock is believed to play an essential role in_.（A）the regulation of body temperature（B） the secretion of hormones（C） animal reproductions（D）many aspects of plant and animal physiology12 In his observation, the French scienti
30、st noticed that the leaves of a certain plant maintained its opening-and-closing cycles_ .（A）even when it was kept in a murky( 黑暗)place all day（B） even if it was placed in the moonlight（C） even when he was observing it from a dark place（D）even during the night time13 The sentence “They are free to l
31、isten to and live by their circadian rhythms. “(Line 3, Para. 3)probably means_.（A）they can lead their daily lives according to their biological clocks, without referring to a man-made clock（B） they can listen to the wonderful rhythms of the biological clock and live close to them（C） they can live b
32、y regulating their own circadian rhythms（D）they are free from the annoying rhythms of everyday life14 In the experiment conducted by Mr. Weitzman, _.（A）They just find it is interesting（B） They try to find a solution for sleeping problems（C） They intend to control the circadian rhythm（D）They attempt
33、to describe the unusual behavior of common people15 Miss Sobol left the laboratory_.（A）on June 13th（B） on June 25th（C） at the end of June（D）on July 7th15 Bill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned university degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of
34、the business worlds favorite academic title: the MBA(Master of Business Administration).The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed(贪婪)on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature.But even with the recession appare
35、ntly cutting into the hiring of business school graduates, about 129,000 people are expected to receive MBAs in 2011. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the wide spread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies so
36、me day.“ If you are going into the corporate world it is still a disadvantage not to have one,“ said Donald Morrison, professor of marketing and management science. “But in the last five years or so, when someone says, Should I attempt to get an MBA, the answer a lot more is: It depends. “The succes
37、s of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc. , has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught.The Harvard Business Review printed a lively, fictional exch
38、ange of letters to dramatize complaints about business degree holders.The article called MBA hires “extremely disappointing“ and said “MBAs want to move up too fast, they dont understand politics and people, and they arent able to function as part of a team until their third year. But by then, theyr
39、e out looking for other jobs. “The problem, most participants in the debate acknowledge, is that the MBA has acquired an aura(光环)of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness.Enrollment in business schools exploded in the 1970s and 1980s and created the assumption that n
40、o one who pursued a business career could do without one. The growth was fueled by a backlash(反冲)against the anti-business values of the 1960s and by the womens movement.Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees of ten know how to analyze systems but are not so sk
41、illful at motivating people. “They dont get a lot of grounding in the people side of the business“ , said James Shaffer, vice-president and principal of the Towers Perrin management consulting firm.16 According to Paragraph 2, what is the general attitude towards business on campuses dominated by pu
42、rer disciplines?（A）Scornful.（B） Appreciative.（C） Envious.（D）Realistic.17 It seems that the controversy over the value of MBA degrees had been fueled mainly by_.（A）the complaints from various employers（B） the success of many non-MBAs（C） the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplines（D）the poo
43、r performance of MBAs at work18 What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to the Harvard Business Review?（A）They are usually self-centered.（B） They are aggressive and greedy.（C） They keep complaining about their jobs.（D）They are not good at dealing with people.19 From the passage we know t
44、hat most MBAs_.（A）can climb the corporate ladder fairly quickly（B） quit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmates（C） receive salaries that do not match their professional training（D）cherish unrealistic expectations about their future20 What is the passage mainly about?（A）Why there is an
45、 increased enrollment in MBA programs.（B） The necessity of reforming MBA programs in business schools.（C） Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree.（D）A debate held recently on university campuses.20 Lifestyle is the way a person lives; it includes work, leisure time, hobbies, other interests,
46、 and personal philosophy. One persons lifestyle may be dominated by work with few social activities. Anothers may involve hobbies, recreational activities or personal philosophy.There is little doubt that lifestyles are changing and that these changes will have an impact on the way business operates
47、 in the years ahead. Several cases are causing lifestyle changes in some developed countries.First, there is more leisure time than ever before. The workweek is now less than forty hours, as compared with seventy hours a century ago. Some experts believe it will be twenty-five hours or less in a few
48、 decades. Several firms have adopted four-day workweeks with more hours per day. Others have cut down on the number of working hours each week. Reduced work schedules mean increased leisure time.Second, families have fewer children than beforeand young couples are postponing childbirth instead of ha
49、ving children early in the marriage. This trend has forced many businesses to modify their competitive strategies. Gerber Products Company used to advertise “ babies are our businessour only business“. Now Gerber products include infant and toddler clothing, stuffed animals and accessories such as bottles, baby powder and so on.Third, people are better educated and more prosperous now than they were earlier. These advantages bring with them the freedom to question current lifestyles and ex
