1、浙江专升本（英语）模拟试卷 8 及答案与解析0 You never see him, but theyre with you every time you fly. They record where you are going, how fast youre traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic b
2、ook. Theyre known as “the black box“.When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the Indian ocean on June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine(潜水艇)detected the devices homing signal five days
3、later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic: information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box
4、, which became a requirement on all U. S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane(the area least subject to impact)from its original position in the landing wells(起落架舱). Th
5、e same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.Modern airplanes have two black boxes; a voice recorder, which tracks pilots conversations, and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engi
6、ne noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircrafts final moments. Placed in an insulated(隔绝的)case and surrounded by quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2000. When submerged, theyre also able
7、 to emit signals from depths of 20000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1 2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say theyre still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one planes
8、 black boxes were never recovered.1 What does the author say about the black box?（A）It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.（B） The idea for its design comes from a comic book.（C） Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.（D）It is an indispensable device on an airplane.2 What informat
9、ion could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?（A）Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.（B） The total number of passengers on board.（C） The scene of the crash and extent of the damage.（D）Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash.3 Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?（A
10、）New materials became available by that time.（B） Too much space was needed for its installation.（C） The early models often got damaged in the crash.（D）The early models didnt provide the needed data.4 Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?（A）To dis
11、tinguish them from the colour of the plane.（B） To caution people to handle them with care.（C） To make them easily identifiable.（D）To conform to international standards.5 What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?（A）There is still a good chance of their being recovered.（B） Ther
12、e is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed.（C） They have stopped sending homing signals.（D）They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.5 When next years crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall of 2009, theyll be joined by a new face: Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old
13、 provost(教务长)of Yale, wholl become Oxfords vice-chancellora position equivalent to university president in America.Hamilton isnt the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc, have also recently made top-level hires from abroad. Higher education has become a big a
14、nd competitive business nowadays, and like so many businesses, its gone global. Yet the talent flow isnt universal. High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from America.The chief reason is that American schools dont tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, whe
15、n the board of the University of Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the universitys budget. “ We didnt do any global consideration,“ says Patricia Hayes, the boards chair. The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year
16、-old Colorado businessman and political activist(活动家)who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing, since U. S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and
17、 necessity.Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student number. The decline in government support has made funding-raising an increasing necessary ability among administrators and has hirin
18、g committees hungry for Americans.In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overs
19、een “ a major strengthening of Yales financial position. “Of course, fund-raising isnt the only skill outsiders offer. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind of promote international programs and attract a global studen
20、t body. Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective on established practices.6 What is the current trend in higher education discussed in the passage?（A）Institutions worldwide are hiring administrators from the U. S.（B） A lot of political activists are being recruited as administrators.（C） American uni
21、versities are enrolling more international students.（D）University presidents are paying more attention to funding-raising.7 What do we learn about European universities from the passage?（A）The tuitions they charge have been rising considerably.（B） Their operation is under strict government supervisi
22、on.（C） They are strengthening their position by globalization.（D）Most of their revenues come from the government.8 Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard as its vice-chancellor chiefly because_.（A）she was known to be good at raising money（B） she could help strengthen its ties with Yale（C） she
23、 knew how to attract students overseas（D）she had boosted Yales academic status9 In what way do top-level administrators from abroad contribute to university development?（A）They can enhance the universitys image.（B） They will bring with them more international faculty.（C） They will view a lot of thin
24、gs from a new perspective.（D）They can set up new academic disciplines.10 Which of the following would make the best title of the text?（A）High Education Globalization（B） Global HeadHunting in Higher Education（C） Global Higher Education Cooperation（D）Universal Higher Education Development10 Several re
25、cent studies have found that being randomly(随机地)assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater likelihood(可能性 )of conflict.Recent reports found that lodging with a student of a different race may decrease prejudice and compel students to engage in more e
26、thnically diverse friendships.An Ohio State University study also found that black students living with a white roommate saw higher academic success throughout their college careers. Researchers believe this may be caused by social pressure.In a New York Times article, Sam Boakyethe only black stude
27、nt on his freshman year floorsaid that “ if youre surrounded by whites, you have something to prove. “Researchers also observed problems resulting from pairing interracial students in residences.According to two recent studies, randomly assigned roommates of different races are more likely to experi
28、ence conflicts so strained that one roommate will move out.An Indiana University study found that interracial roommates were three times as likely as two white roommates to no longer live together by the end of the semester.Grace Kao, a professor at Penn said she was not surprised by the findings. “
29、 This may be the first time that some of these students have interacted, and lived, with someone of a different race,“ she said.At Penn, students are not asked to indicate race when applying for housing.“One of the great things about freshman housing is that, with some exceptions, the process throws
30、 you together randomly,“ said Undergraduate Assembly chairman Alec Webley. “ This is the definition of integration. “Ive experienced roommate conflicts between interracial students that have both broken down stereotypes and reinforced stereotypes,“ said one Penn resident advisor(RA). The RA of two y
31、ears added that while some conflicts “ provided more multicultural acceptance and melding(融合),“ there were also “jarring cultural confrontations. “The RA said that these conflicts have also occurred among roommates of the same race.Kao said she cautions against forming any generalizations based on a
32、ny one of the studies, noting that more background characteristics of the students need to be studied and explained.11 What can we learn from some recent studies?（A）Conflicts between students of different races are unavoidable.（B） Students of different races are prejudiced against each other.（C） Int
33、erracial lodging does more harm than good.（D）Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes.12 What does Sam Boakyes remark mean?（A）White students tend to look down upon their black peers.（B） Black students can compete with their white peers academically.（C） Black students feel somewhat embarrassed a
34、mong white peers during the freshman year.（D）Being surrounded by white peers motivates a black student to work harder to succeed.13 What does the Indiana University study show?（A）Interracial roommates are more likely to fall out.（B） Few white students like sharing a room with a black peer.（C） Roomma
35、tes of different races just dont get along.（D）Assigning students lodging randomly is not a good policy.14 What does Alec Webley consider to be the“definition of integration“?（A）Students of different races are required to share a room.（B） Interracial lodging is arranged by the school for freshmen.（C）
36、 Lodging is assigned to students of different races without exception.（D）The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race.15 What does Grace Kao say about interracial lodging?（A）It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study.（B） Schools should be cautious when
37、making decisions about student lodging.（C） Students racial background should be considered before lodging is assigned.（D）Experienced resident advisors should be assigned to handle the problems.15 Life learning(sometimes called un-schooling or self-directed learning)is one of those concepts that are
38、almost easier to explain by saying what it isnt than what it is. And thats probably because our own schooled backgrounds have convinced us that learning happens only in a dedicated building on certain days, between certain hours, and managed by a specially trained professional.Within that schooling
39、framework, no matter how hard teachers try and no matter how good their textbooks, many bright students get bored, many slower students struggle and give up or lose their self-respect, and most of them reach the end of the process unprepared to enter into society. They have memorized a certain body
40、of knowledge long enough to rush back the information on tests, but they havent really learnt much, at least of the official curriculum.Life learners, on the other hand, know that learning is not difficult, that people learn things quite easily if theyre not compelled and forced, if they see a need
41、to learn something, and if they are trusted and respected enough to learn it on their own timetable, at their own speed, in their own way. They know that learning cannot be produced in us and that we cannot produce it in othersno matter what age and no matter whether were at school or at home.Life l
42、earning is independent of time, location or the presence of teacher. It does not require mom or dad to teach, or kids to work in workbooks at the kitchen table from 9 to noon from September to June. Life learning is learner-driven. It involves living and learningin and from the real world. It is abo
43、ut exploring, questioning, experimenting, making messes, taking risks without fear of making mistakes, being laughed at and trying again.Furthermore, life learning is about trusting kids to learn what they need to know and about helping them to learn and grow in their own ways. It is about providing
44、 positive experiences that enable children to understand the world and their culture and to interact with it.16 It is implied in the text that it is hard to _.（A）carry life learning through（B） tell the nature of life learning（C） learn without going to school（D）find a specially trained teacher17 Acco
45、rding to the author, the schooling framework often_.（A）produces slow students with poor memories（B） ignores some parts of the official curriculum（C） fails to provide enough knowledge about life（D）gives little care to the quality of teaching materials18 Life learners recognize that learning will not
46、be difficult if they are_.（A）clear about why to learn（B） careful to make a time table（C） able to respect other people（D）cautious about any mistakes19 According to the author, life learning_.（A）could prevent one from running risks（B） could be a road full of trials and errors（C） makes a kid independen
47、t of his parents（D）teaches a kid how to avoid being scorned20 Through life learning, children_.（A）will grow without the assistance from parents（B） will learn to communicate with the real world（C） will be driven to learn necessary life knowledge（D）will be isolated from the negative side of society20
48、British Cuisine:The Best of Old and NewWhy does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kongs smartest British restaurants, Alfies by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say.“Th
49、e past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England,“ the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking and eating didnt have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston Blumenthas molecular gastronomy, a
