1、浙江专升本（英语）模拟试卷 1 及答案与解析0 A greenhouse is a building made of glass which is used for keeping plants warm when the outside temperature is low. In a similar way there are several gases in the atmosphere which trap the heat produced by the sun and prevent it from escaping. These gases are known as “green
2、house gases“, and the way in which they trap heat in the atmosphere is called the “greenhouse effect“. This is not simply air pollution. Most of the main greenhouse gases exist naturally in small amounts in our atmosphere, and without them the earth would be 30 degrees colder and human life would no
3、t exist. In other words, the greenhouse effect is a natural course which is to some degree helpful to us.The problem is that in the last century and a half, we have been putting too many of these gases into the earths atmosphere by burning large quantities of coal and oil and by cutting down forests
4、. The rapid increase in the greenhouse gases is making the world warmer. The worlds temperature has already gone up by half a degree this century, and the sea level has risen by 10 centimeters. If the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere doubles there will be a rise in the earths temperature o
5、f between 1 and 4. This may seem a small increase, but it would be enough to cause major changes in geography and agriculture. Large areas of the world would be flooded, and some areas would become dry and unable to produce crops. It is important, too, to consider that there may be a delay of about
6、30 years in the greenhouse effect. This means that we are probably experiencing only now the effect of the gases put into the atmosphere before the 1960s. Since then, these gases have greatly increased.1 “Greenhouse effect“ means_.（A）the way in which gases are used for keeping plants warm（B） natural
7、 course which is to some degree helpful to us（C） The way “greenhouse gases“ trap heat on the earth（D）The whole course in which greenhouse gases prevent heat2 If there was no greenhouse effect,_.（A）no plants would grow on our planet（B） the earth would be thirty degrees colder（C） man could not live on
8、 the earth（D）all of the above answers are correct3 Which of the following is NOT true?（A）Burning too much coal and oil produces lots of greenhouse gases（B） It has become warmer on the earth now than in the past（C） Gases put into the atmosphere now will effect the earth years later（D）The temperature
9、in a greenhouse is as high as that in the atmosphere4 Suppose the earths temperature rose by 3 degrees_.（A）great harm would be done to humankind（B） the sea level would go up by 10 centimeters（C） all the land in the world would be flooded（D）crops would be unable to grow on the earth5 This passage mai
10、nly deals with_.（A）the benefits and harm of greenhouse effect.（B） the relation between greenhouse gases and man.（C） the concept and change of greenhouse effect.（D）the effect of the rise in the earths temperature.5 Peoples tastes in recreation differ widely. At a recent festival of pop-music in the I
11、sle of Wight, crowds of teenagers flocked to listen to their favorite singers and musicians. They went with single railway tickets and slept in the open, a very risky thing to do in the climate of Britain, even in August. They were packed together like sardines for four days. There were innumerable
12、thieves, a gang of roughs tried several times to break things up, and police were everywhere. At the end of the festival many young fans found themselves broke, with no money left,and they had difficulty in getting back home. Most people would consider these conditions a nightmare of discomfort; the
13、 fans appeared to enjoy it all enormously.Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large tracts of open un-spoilt(未受破坏的)country, where people with more traditional tastes can go for quiet, and for the sense of freedom they derive from contact with nature. In the national parks especially, mo
14、dern development of housing and industry is strictly controlled. Visitors may walk for miles through landscape of the greatest beauty and wildness, and often of considerable historic or scientific interest. Along the coasts of some of the maritime counties, public pathways have been created; these p
15、aths stretch for many miles along cliffs that look out on the Atlantic Ocean or the English Channel. Another path, lying inland, goes along the range of mountains in the north of England. It is called the Pennine Way. Here, the long-distance walker and the nature-lover can find much to enjoy, withou
16、t feeling disturbed by large numbers of their fellows.Yet few people make full use of the national parks established for everyones benefit. The commonest thing nowadays is for family groups to motor out to a beautiful spot and park their cars in a lay-by(英国的路旁停车带). A picnic basket is produced, along
17、 with a folding table and chairs, a kettle and a portable stove. They then settle down to a picnic in the lay-by beside the car. Apparently their idea of enjoyment is to get into the fresh air and amongst the country sights and sounds without having to walk a yard. They seem almost to like to hear a
18、nd to smell the traffic.6 In Britain it is very risky to_.（A）go with a single railway ticket（B） listen to pop-music at the festival（C） sleep in the open（D）pack together in crowds7 At the end of the festival, many young fans_.（A）were arrested by the police（B） had spent most of their money（C） were sle
19、eping out（D）became quite penniless8 Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large_.（A）tracks through the open country（B） areas of country without soil（C） areas of countryside not developed（D）expanses of land where nobody works9 Public pathways are created for people to_ .（A）commute to work（
20、B） enjoy long-distance walking（C） wall to maritime counties（D）visit the historic or scenic sites10 Family groups nowadays like to _.（A）have meals out of doors by the road-side（B） go for a walk away from home（C） drive out past the beautiful places（D）hear and smell the animals10 High-quality customer
21、service is preached(宣扬)by many, but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done.Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.Store managers are often the last to hea
22、r complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school.“ Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers,“ said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group. “ The store l
23、oses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement. “On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four others, and will no longer visit the specific store. For every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowbal
24、l effect“ can be disastrous to retailers.According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems, ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered(塞满了的)shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-s
25、tock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting(业余兼职的)local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance eliminated the nee
26、d for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to a
27、nswer questions.Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers.“ Retailers whore responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who arent so friendly. “ said Professor Stephen Hoch. “ Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store en
28、trance would help.Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong.11 Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?（A）Mo
29、st customers wont bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.（B） Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.（C） Few customers believe the service will be improved.（D）Customers have no easy access to store managers.12 What does Paula Courtney imply
30、 by saying “. the shopper must also find a replacement“(Line 2, Para. 4)?（A）New customers are bound to replace old ones.（B） It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other stores.（C） Most stores provide the same kind of service（D）Not complaining to the manager causes the shopper som
31、e trouble too.13 Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers_.（A）can stay longer browsing in the store（B） wont have trouble parking their cars（C） wont have any worries about security（D）can find their cars easily after shopping14 What contributes most to smoothin
32、g over issues with customers?（A）Manners of the salespeople（B） Hiring of efficient employees（C） Huge supply of goods for sale（D）Design of the store layout15 To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to_.（A）exert pressure on stores to improve their service（B） settle their disputes
33、with stores in a diplomatic way（C） voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly（D）shop around and make comparisons between stores15 When he died in April of 1993, Dr. Jeol Hiderbrand was 101 years old, had been married for seventy years, and had taught freshmen chemistry to over 40,000 stu
34、dents. In addition, he had published a popular textbook and dozens of articles, had managed the U. S. Olympic ski team, and had discovered a way to allow deep-sea divers to stay underwater longer. In his own way, Dr. Jeol Hiderbrand was certainly a genius.Dr. Jeol Hiderbrands interest in chemistry b
35、egan at an early age. In an interview, he once said that his interest formed because he was fortunate enough to be born before there was a television, so he had to make his own decisions about what to pay attention to. Even as a student in high school, Dr. Jeol Hiderbrand had the reputation as the o
36、ne who learned more chemistry than his teacher knew. As a result he was given the keys to the high school chemistry lab, and there he discovered that the correct formula for a certain chemical compound was not the one given in his chemistry book but a totally different one. Dr. Jeol Hiderbrand went
37、on to teach at theUniversity of California at Berkeley and remained there for almost forty years.During that time, Dr. Jeol Hiderbrand discovered that the gas helium could be combined with oxygen for use as diving gas to allow divers to dive deeper and take the great pressure of the water without th
38、e physical discomforts that had been experienced when they used another gas, nitrogen. The use of helium for deep-sea diving is now standard practice.Dr. Jeol Hiderbrand was also valuable to his country during both World Wars. In World War I he analyzed the poisonous gases used on the battlefield an
39、d helped develop a truck that could clean and treat soldiers clothes which had been contaminated by poisonous gases during fighting. In World War II, he helped develop a type of the snowmobile, a vehicle used to carry soldiers through the snow in northern countries.Dr. Jeol Hiderbrands retirement fr
40、om teaching at the age of seventy was required by state law in California. He objected to this, joking that he thought a teachers time of retirement ought to be determined not by age but by how many of that teachers students were still awake after the first fifteen minutes of class! Dr. Jeol Hiderbr
41、ands career continued, however, and was still going strong at the age of 100, when he published an article on the theory of chemical solutions. Dr. Jeol Hiderbrands love of life and his interest in it were an inspiration to all who knew him. When asked once how he could have such ageless energy and
42、vigor, he said, “ I chose my ancestors(祖先)carefully. “16 Which of the followings is the main idea of the passage?（A）Dr. Jeol Hiderbrands discoveries and inventions.（B） Dr. Jeol Hiderbrands contributions to education.（C） Dr. Jeol Hiderbrands contributions to the world.（D）Dr. Jeol Hiderbrand, a versat
43、ile(多才多艺的人)with ageless energy and vigor.17 Whats the reason for Dr. Jeol Hiderbrands interest in chemistry?（A）His chemistry teacher was a great teacher.（B） His parents taught him chemistry when he was very young.（C） He was born in a time young people had greater freedom to decide what they wanted t
44、o do.（D）His talents were greater than his chemistry teacher.18 What distinguished(使 出类拔萃)Dr. Jeol Hiderbrand from others as early as in high school?（A）He was given the key to the chemistry lab（B） His discovery of the correct formula for some chemical compound.（C） He learned more chemistry from his t
45、eacher（D）His excellent score in chemistry learning.19 The use of helium for deep-sea diving_.（A）helped to overcome the physical discomforts the divers experienced when nitrogen was used（B） was found by Dr. Jeol Hiderbrand（C） is still universally acknowledged as standard practice up to now（D）All that
46、 is included in A, B, and C20 According to Dr. Jeol Hiderbrand what accounts for his ageless energy?（A）His ancestors（B） His parents（C） Heredity(遗传)（D）Hard working.20 As researchers learn more about how childrens intelligence develops, they are increasingly surprised by the power of parents. The powe
47、r of the school has been replaced by the power of the home. To begin with, all the factors which are part of intelligencethe childs understanding of language, learning patterns, curiosityare established well before the child enters school at the age of six. Study after study has shown that even afte
48、r school begins, childrens achievements have been far more influenced by parents than by teachers. This is particularly true about learning that is language-related. The school rather than the home is given credit for variations in achievement in subjects such as science.In view of their power, its
49、sad to see so many parents not making the most of their childs intelligence. Until recently parents had been warned by educators who asked them not to educate their children. Many teachers now realize that children cannot be educated only at school, and parents are being asked to contribute both before and after the child enters school.Parents have been particularly afraid to teach reading at home. Of course, children shouldnt be pushed to read by their parents, but educators have discovered th
