1、全国自考（英语写作）模拟试卷 8 及答案与解析一、Supply the missing paragraph1 Being Shy_First, make decisions not to hold back in conversations. What you have to say is just as important as what other people say. And dont turn down party invitations just because of your shyness.Second, prepare yourself for being with othe
2、rs in groups. Make a list of the good qualities you have. Then make a list of ideas, experiences, and skills you would like to share with other people. Think about what you would like to say in advance. Then say it.Third, if you start feeling self-conscious in group, take a deep breath and focus you
3、r attention on other people. Remember, you are not alone. Other people are concerned about the impression they are making, too. Dont be afraid to speak up and give your point of view. Moreover, remember everyone experiences failures and disappointments. Profit them as lessons instead of frustrations
4、.As each of us is an individual, we behave in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. No one ever gets over being shy completely, but most people do learn to live with their shyness. Even entertainers admit that they often fe
5、el shy. They work at fighting their shy feelings so they can face the cameras and the public.Just making the effort to control shyness can have many rewards. But perhaps the best reason to fight shyness is to give other people a chance to know more about you.二、Write an outline2 AfricasWhen many peop
6、le hear the word “Africa“, inevitably they picture steaming jungles and gorillas and other wild animals. Hollywood films have shrunk the public image of this immense, varied continent into a small segment of its actual diversity. To have a more accurate picture of the whole continent, however, one s
7、hould remember that the continent can be roughly divided into three Africas: the northern desert areas, the southeastern grasslands, and the tropical jungles to the southwest, each with its distinct climate and terrain and with a style of life suited to the environment.The northern regions have the
8、environment and living patterns of the desert. Egypt, Libya, Algeria, and Morocco have hot, dry climates with very little land suited to farming. Green fields cannot he easily seen. Therefore, the population tends to be clustered into cities along rivers or the seacoast or into smaller settlements n
9、ear oases. For thousands of years, people have lived in this vast region, relying partly on what the land could offer such as crops and animals they could raise and partly on trade with Europe.The southeastern grasslands provide a better environment for animal life and for some kinds of crops. Many
10、wild animals inhabit the plains in this regionelephants, giraffes, rhinoceros, antelopes, zebras, and lions. The people in this area have long been expert cattle raisers and experienced hunters. Tea, coffee, cotton, cashew nuts, and tobacco are some of the main products grown in this region. Fishing
11、 also provides some food and income for people along the coast. The population here is less concentrated in cities and towns than in the north, but tends to be denser in areas where adequate rainfall and fertile soil make farming possible.West Africa is the region closest to the Hollywood image of m
12、ysterious jungles. As in the other two regions, the way people make a living depends upon their environment. This does not mean that most of the people live in grass huts in the jungle. In fact, such nations as Nigeria have become highly modernized by income from oil, timber, and minerals. Most of t
13、he western countries have some farming that provides food and income; sugar cane, coffee, and tobacco are the important cash crops, while bananas, rice, arid corn are raised for food. Fishing in the rivers and along the coast also accounts for food and income, and precious stones, especially diamond
14、s, enhance the economy of countries like Angola and the Ivory Coast.Even a superficial look at the major regions of Africa shows that it is a continent with varied environments. Although most of the continent is tropical in its range of temperature, the climate ranges from deserts to rain forests. S
15、imilarly, human lifestyles vary from the simplest rural villages to industrial cities, both new and ancient. Contrary to the myth, however, jungle life makes up only a very small portion of the whole of Africa. _三、Compose an essay3 Write a description of scene in city.全国自考（英语写作）模拟试卷 8 答案与解析一、Supply
16、the missing paragraph1 【正确答案】 Nearly everyone is shy in some ways. Shy people are over-concerned with their own appearances and actions. Worrisome thoughts often swirl in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? If shyness is making you uncomfortable, it
17、may be time for a few lessons in self confidence. Shyness can be overcome with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence. You can build your confidence by following some suggestions.【试题解析】 本文要求根据给出的段落，补充第一段。所以我们先就下面的段落进行分析。第二段：要有决心不要在谈话中保持沉默。相信你要说的内容是和其他人的一样重要。不要仅仅因为你害羞就拒绝别人的邀请。第三段：
18、做好充分的准备和别人交谈。将你的技能、想法、经历和你想跟别人分享的东西列一个清单，接下来就去说。第四段：如果你在谈话的群体中过多地在乎自己，这时，深呼吸，把自己的注意力集中到别人身上。你并不孤单，因为很多人都很在意自己给别人留下的印象，你只管说出你的想法。每个人都有失败的经历，我们要把它当作教训而不是一种失落。第五段：因为每一个人都是一个独立的个体，我们都有自己的行为方式。我们更多地了解自己，就能更好地发挥我们的潜力。没有人能完全克服害羞，但多数人能学会怎样去适应它。即使是那些娱乐工作者也有这种感觉，只足他们每次都尽量去克服它，以更好地去而对观众和摄像机。第六段：试着克服害羞有很多好处。最大的
19、好处是能让别人更好地了解你。从以上分析不难看出，本文所缺省的是说明文的开头段。说明文的开头段由两部分组成，即：Introduction 和 Thesis statement。Introduction 可以采取叙述法、比较对比法、因果分析法等展开，为的是弥补字数的不足。至于 Thesis statement 的构建，要根据第二一五段所谈论的各个观点而总结得出。第二一五段是对如何克服害羞提出的几点建议，最后一段是一个小的总结，不难看出，需要补充韵第一段应该是一个概括性的段落。在 Introduction 中，对人们害羞的表现、产生的原因和存在的方式作一个简单的介绍，同时，Thesis statem
20、ent 提出，害羞是可以克服的，有这样几种方式(关键词) ，这样就能很好地和下面的几段衔接到一起。下面来谈谈句子的组织：(1)be overconcerned with 过分在意害羞的人总是过多地在意自己的形象和行为。Shy people are overconcerned with their appearances and actions其他的表达方法：Shy people are always paying more attention to their own appearances and actions(2)swirl in 在盘旋担忧的想法经常在他们的脑子中盘旋。Worrisom
21、e thoughts often swirl in their minds.其他的表达方法：The worrisome thoughts often wander in their minds(3)make impression 留下印象我给别人留下的印象是什么样的?What kind of impression am I making?其他说法： What kind of impression have I made?(4)build self-confidence通过坚决和耐心的努力去树立自信，可以帮助我们克服害羞。Shyness can be overcome with determin
22、ed and patient efforts in building self confidence其他的表达方式：We can do our best to build self-confidence with determination and patience in order to overcome shyness(5)你可以依照一些建议去建立自信。You can build your confidence by following some suggestions原文中一些有用的用法：(1)turn down 拒绝 Do not turn down party invitations
23、, just because of shyness不要仅仅因为害羞就拒绝别人的邀请。(2)make a list of 列清单 Make a list of the good qualities you have为你的优点列一个清单。(3)focus your attention on 集中你的注意力在Focus your attention on other people(4)live with忍受，适应Most people do learn to live with their shyness多数人学会去忍受适应害羞。二、Write an outline2 【正确答案】 I. Intro
24、duction: three Africas with different climates, terrains and styles of life suited to the environment. A. Inaccurate public impression of AfricaB. Thesis; One should rempmher that the continent can be divided into three different Africas. . Northern dessert regionsA. A place of hot climate and littl
25、e land for farmingB. Population clustered into cities or near waterC. People living on farming and trading with EuropeIII. Southeastern grasslandsA. A better environment for animal life and some cropsB. People living on cattle raising, hunting, crops growing, and fishingC. Denser population is areas
26、 with adequate rainfallIV. Western jungle areasA. A region close to Hollywood movie imageB. Some highly modernized countriesC. People living on farming and fishingV. Conclusion a continent with varied environmentsA. Climate ranging form deserts to rain forestsB. Lifestyles varying from rural village
27、s to industrial cities.C. Jungle life making up only a small portion【试题解析】 这篇文章主要讲到了非洲的自然环境和不同地区不同的生活习俗。第一段：很多人在提到非洲的时候，都会想到热带雨林、大猩猩或其他的野兽。好莱坞的电影实际上把这个内部成分复杂的大洲缩成了很小的一部分。要想真正了解非洲，一定要知道，非洲是分为三个部分的。北部是沙漠地区，东南部是草原，西南部是热带雨林。每个地区都有不同的气候和地形，各地的生活方式也不同，而且与当地的环境相适应。第二段：北部地区有自己的自然条件和生活方式。又从三个方面具体讲：一是埃及等国家气候炎
28、热、干燥，几乎没有可供农耕的土地。二是人口和城市主要沿着河流、海岸和绿洲分布。三是几千年以来，人们一方面依靠贫瘠的土地提供一些农产品，另一方面，靠和欧洲的贸易维持生计。第三段：东南部草原地区。也是从三个方面讲：一是东南部的草原环境有利于动植物的生长。大象、斑马等很多动物生活在这里。二是这地区的人们擅长养牛和打猎。茶、咖啡等是这个地区主要的农作物。沿海地区，渔业也创造了一定的收入。三是这地区的人们并不像北部一样集中在城市，而是集中在降雨丰富和土壤肥沃的地方。第四段：西部丛林区。也是从三个方面讲：一是西部非洲更像好莱坞电影中的非洲。就像其他地区一样，这个地区的人们的生活方式取决于这里的气候，但这并
29、不意味着人们要生活在丛林中。二是讲这里的一些国家已经有很高的现代化，收入来自于石油、木材和矿产。三是多数西部国家的农业可以提供食物和收入。咖啡、烟草等是主要的经济作物，而香蕉、玉米等则是主要的食物。渔业也是一项收入。并且，对于一些国家，稀有宝石等为所有国的经济做出了重要的贡献。第五段：即使是从表面上看，非洲也是一个有着多种多样气候环境的大洲。气候从热带雨林到沙漠都有，尽管大部分地区是热带。相似地，人们的生活也是从原始的部落到工业城市。与神话相比，丛林生活只是整个非洲的一小部分。从上面的分析中，可以很容易地看出本文的结构和条理，从而写出 outline。全文分为五部分。每个自然段独立成为一部分。
30、第一部分总的讲非洲分为三个不同的区域，每个地区有不同的特点。然后在第二、三、四部分中，分别讲三个地区，每个部分也是从三个方面讲。最后一部分是总结，从三个方面点明非洲大陆的多样性。下面看文中的一些有用的用法：(1)divide into 分成One should remember that the continent can be roughly divided into three Africas应该记得，这个大洲可以被粗略地划分为三个部分。(2)be clustered into 聚集到The population tends to be clustered into cities alon
31、g rivers or the seacoast or into smaller settlements near oases人口沿河流或海岸，或者沙漠中的绿洲分布。(3)be close to 与接近West Africa is the region closest to the Hollywood image of mysterious jungles西部非洲是与好莱坞电影中的神秘丛林形象最接近的地区。(4)Most of the continent is tropical in its range of temperature根据气温的变化幅度，这个洲的大部分地区是热带。(5)make
32、up 组成Jungle life makes up only a very small portion of the whole of Africa.丛林生活只是整个非洲的很小的一部分。三、Compose an essay3 【正确答案】 Hongkong at NightHongkong is a beautiful seaport which attracts tourists from all parts of the world. Although it is very small, yet the scenery is wonderful. At night, Hongkong is
33、 covered with so many electric lights that it looks like a Christmas tree. There is a road around the middle of the mountain and the electric lights along the road look like a long dragon winding its way in the darkness. Houses built on the top of the mountain seem like many lonely people standing t
34、here waiting and waiting.When the moon rises, the gentle soft light shines over sea. Stars twinkle all night. In my imagination, they are the attendants of beautifulQueen Moon. If we look at the city from a distance, it is hard to know where the lights on the mountain stop and the stars in the heave
35、n begin, because they are all blend so beautifully. Many ferries and boats go across the sea and leave silver lines behind them in the water that ripples along.While you are crossing the harbor at night, your heart will be caught by the beauty of Hongkongs night. The lights of Hongkong glimmer all t
36、he time. Their colors white, red, yellow and green-glimmer like many kinds of diamonds. If you look in the sea, you will see that the water is as beautiful as the real lights because the lights are also reflected in the water. When you look up at the sky, you will see the bright moon above your head
37、. It seems like a big diamond. Beside it, there are small diamonds, stars, accompanying it. At that time, you may feel that you are living in a diamond world.Hongkong is a beautiful city in the day, but it is even more wonderful at night.【试题解析】 要求书写一篇关于城市的描写书。景物描写通常包括三个要素：背景、人物和行为。我们知道景物描写也是为了给所描述的人物和事件建立一种突出的感受和氛围。首先，我们要确定城市以及所要重点描述的场景。在文章的第一段中，可先提出文章的主题思想句，如：Hongkong is a beautiful seaport which attracts tourists from all parts of the worldAlthough it is very small ，yet the scenery is wonderful然后对香港的夜景进行详尽的描述。尽力选择最能打动人之处和最富感染力之处。
