2019中考物理知识点全突破系列专题46密度公式及其应用.docx

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1、1密度公式及其应用一、单选题1.如图所示,均匀正方体甲、乙置于水平地面上。沿水平方向切去部分后,甲、乙剩余部分的高度相等,此时甲、乙剩余部分对地面的压力相等。关于甲、乙的密度 甲 、 乙 和所切去部分的质量 m 甲 、m 乙 的判断,正确的是( ) A. 甲 m 乙B. 甲 乙 , m 甲 m 乙D. 甲 乙 , m 甲 m 乙B. 甲 乙 , m 甲 m 乙D. 甲 乙 , m 甲 2 , 由 m= V 可知, m1m2 ,即体积相等的两液体,密度为 1的液体质量较大,按质量比 1:1 的比例混合,要使所得混合液的体积最大,则密度为 2的液体全部用完,密度为 1的液体有剩余,设等质量的密度为

2、 1的液体体积为 V1(实际取用的体积),根据等质量混合可得 2V0 = 1V1 , 所以 V1 = 2V0/ 1 , 液体剩余的体积为: V1 = V0 -V1 =V0 - =(1- ) V0【解析】【分析】(1)结合题意,根据公式 V= 得出这两种液体的体积表达式,从而就可以得出混合液体的体积表达式,最后根据密度公式得出混合液体的密度表达式;(2)因为两液体的体积相等,且 1 2 , 可判断哪种液体剩余,设等质量的密度为 1的液体的体积 V1 , 利用密度公式求使用 1液体的体积,进而求出剩余的那部分液体的体积.24.【答案】(1)解:铜球内注满水时水的质量:m 水 m 总 m 铜球 54

3、5g 445g100g,由 可知,铜球空心部分的体积:V 空心 V 水 100cm 3 , 铜球中铜的体积:V 铜 50cm 3 , 铜球的总体积:VV 铜 +V 空心 50cm 3+100cm3150cm 3(2)解:在铜球的空心部分注满某种液体后,液体的质量:m 液 m 总 m 铜球 530g 445g85g,则液体的密度: 液 0.85g/cm 3【解析】【分析】(1)空心部分注满水后铜球的总质量和铜球的质量的差值即为注入水的质量,根据= 求出水的体积即为空心部分的体积,再根据 = 求出铜球中铜的体积,两者之和即为这个铜球的总体积;(2)同理,先求液体的质量,液体的体积和空心部分的体积相等,根据 = 求出液体的密度.

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