1、1专 项 训 练 四 哲 理 故 事时间：710 分钟/篇 分值：1 分/小题Cloze 1(2018济宁)Once there was a king. He was wise but everyone was afraid of him. His face showed the sadness deep in his heart. So there were deep_1_ lines(皱纹)on his face.In his country lived a beautiful girl.Everyone seemed to love her, so did the king. He wa
2、nted to_2_ her，and finally he decided to speak to her of his love. After he dressed in his best clothes, he looked in the _3_， but he saw a hard face，_4_ when he tried to smile.“How about wearing a mask(面具)？” he thought. Then he ordered his magician to paint a mask that looked kind and happy and han
3、dsome. The magician_5_ and said：“But you must keep your own face in the same lines that I paint and be kind to all people from your heart. If not, the mask will break.” The mask looked so_6_ that no one knew it was not the true face of the king. Months passed, the beautiful lady got married to the k
4、ing, and the king treated everyone_7_ to keep the mask from breaking.At last, the king didnt want to cheat his beautiful wife any more._8_ he asked the magician to take the mask off. Surprisingly, he found his face was just like the mask he had worn for so long!This story tells us that a man is what
5、 he is in his heart.( )1. A. ugly B. kind C. beautiful D. peaceful( )2. A. love B. hate C. kill D. marry( )3. A. wall B. door C. mirror D. window( )4. A. yet B. even C. just D. still( )5. A. looked B. refused C. agreed D. laughed( )6. A. sad B. happy C. natural D. serious( )7. A. badly B. kindly C.
6、coldly D. differently( )8. A. So B. Or C. But D. HoweverCloze 2(2018攀枝花)Once there was a lovely vegetable field with a very big tree in it. Both the vegetables and the tree made the garden look wonderful.In fact, the vegetables and the tree couldnt get on well with _1_. The vegetables disliked the t
7、ree because they thought the tree didnt leave them enough _2_ by covering them with its thick leaves, while the tree thought that the vegetables drank nearly all the water before it could reach him.The situation became worse and worse. One day the vegetables decided to _3_ all the water in the groun
8、d so that the tree would dry up. The tree fought back by refusing to offer the vegetables shade (树荫). Soon they both began to dry up under the hot sun.Neither of them expected that the gardener would stop _4_ his vegetable field because he thought it was _5_ to save the vegetables. When the gardener
9、 did that, the tree and the vegetables really felt how _6_ they were. There 2seemed to be no way to solve the problem. Then a small pumpkin decided to do something to change the situation. The small pumpkin did all he could to grow _7_ there was little water and it was too hot.Finally, the gardener
10、_8_ the growing pumpkin among the dying vegetables._9_， he started to water the field again because he still wanted to make a(n)_10_ to get the beautiful pumpkin. At the same time, the tree and the vegetables were saved. Since then, they realized that it was better to help each other than to fight,
11、and they lived in harmony with other plants.( )1. A. other plants B. the gardener C. each other D. the pumpkin( )2. A. light B. water C. air D. wind( )3. A. look up B. use up C. pick up D. put up( )4. A. picking B. growing C. planting D. watering( )5. A. hopeless B. important C. hopeful D. necessary
12、( )6. A. angry B. hungry C. thirsty D. comfortable( )7. A. so B. though C. but D. and ( )8. A. watched B. knew C. harvested D. noticed( )9. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Also( )10. A. decision B. idea C. effort D. chanceCloze 3(2018西宁)When I was in the third grade, I was picked to be the pri
13、ncess in the school play.For weeks my mother helped me _1_ my sentences. But once during a performance, every word _2_ from my head. My teacher asked me to change roles and be the narrator (解说员). Though I didnt tell my mother what had _3_ that day, she felt my _4_ and asked if I wanted to take a wal
14、k in the yard.It was a lovely spring day. We could see dandelions (蒲公英) coming out through the grass, just like a painter had touched our woods and fields with bits of gold. I watched my mother carelessly bend down (弯腰) _5_ some flowers. “I think I am going to dig up all the wild grass， ” she said.
15、“But I like dandelions, all flowers are beautifuleven dandelions！” I said. My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower shines in _6_ own way. And that is true of people, too， ” she said. She had guessed my pain. I started to cry and told her the _7_. “You will be a beautiful narrator， ” she
16、 said, _8_ me of how much I loved to read stories aloud to her.Over the next few weeks, I learned to take _9_ in the role. The big day finally came. A few minutes before the play, my teacher came over to me. “Your mother asked me to give this to you， ” she said, handing me a _10_. After the play, I
17、took the flower home, laughing that I was perhaps the only person who would keep such wild grass.( )1. A. write B. listen C. practice D. teach( )2. A. disappeared B. spread C. forgot D. left3( )3. A. done B. happened C. gone D. made ( )4. A. illness B. fearlessness C. kindness D. unhappiness( )5. A.
18、 by B. for C. with D. at( )6. A. it B. its C. its D. it is( )7. A. memory B. discovery C. truth D. accident( )8. A. reminding B. thinking C. reminded D. thought( )9. A. action B. turns C. risks D. pride( )10. A. note B. dandelion C. sunflower D. dictionaryCloze 4(2018咸宁)Once upon a time there lived
19、a wise king who wanted to marry off his favorite daughter. He_1_ how he could find the right person. Finally, the king had an _2_. He decided to hold a contest (比赛)to decide which gentleman would achieve this great honor. The king ordered that anyone _3_ wanted to marry the princess must report to t
20、he palace. To win his daughter, a man must fill up a whole room with a(an) _4_ thing very quickly.The first brave man arrived at the palace. He brought bags full of feathers. With great _5_， he started to fill the large room with feathers, but time ran out and he failed.The next day, _6_ young man t
21、ried to quickly fill the room, this time with beautiful silk. Time ran out again, and he left the palace _7_The contest went on day after day. _8_ contestants hoped to pass the test but no one _9_. The king began to lose heart. Wasnt anyone in the kingdom qualified(有资格的) to marry the beautiful princ
22、ess?One day, a young man arrived at the palace emptyhanded. The king wondered how this man planned to win the contest. Entering the room, the young man _10_ the lights. He reached into his pocket, got a small _11_ and lit it. In no time, the light filled the whole room.The king was very happy becaus
23、e he had found the perfect match for his lovely daughter.To get through a problem, sometimes we must _12_ the way were thinking about it. We need to reeducate ourselves by looking at the problem in a different way.( )1. A. surprised B. wondered C. hoped D. recognized( )2. A. opinion B. impression C.
24、 idea D. opportunity( )3. A. whom B. who C. which D. why( )4. A. expensive B. cheap C. heavy D. light4( )5. A. confidence B. doubt C. shame D. sadness( )6. A. the other B. another C. any other D. other( )7. A. disappointed B. happilyC. excited D. freely( )8. A. Hundred B. Hundred of C. Hundreds D. H
25、undreds of( )9. A. success B. succeeded C. successful D. successfully( )10. A. put off B. put up C. put out D. put down( )11. A. candle B. ice C. stone D. gold( )12. A. follow B. change C. turn D. make, 小 词 典)1. line n. 皱纹 2. mask n. 面具 3. shade n树荫4. narrator n. 解说员 5. dandelion n蒲公英 6. bend down 弯
26、腰 7. contest n比赛 8. qualified adj. 有资格的 专项训练四 哲理故事Cloze 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位聪明却内心悲伤的国王为了娶到一个美丽的姑娘，要求别人为他做一副面具。做面具的魔术师要求他戴上面具后也要善待别人。当他摘下面具后，依然像戴着面具时一样和蔼可亲。1. A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。ugly 丑陋的；kind 善良的；beautiful 美丽的；peaceful平静的。根据空后语境可知他脸上有深深的皱纹，应该是“丑陋的” ，故选 A。2. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。love 爱；hate 讨厌；kill 杀死；marry 娶，和
27、结婚。根据后面“.speak to her of his love.”可知选 D。3. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。wall 墙；door 门；mirror 镜子；window 窗子。句意：他穿上最漂亮的衣服后，在里看自己。结合常识可知是在镜子里看自己，故选 C。 4. B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是他看见了一张痛苦的脸，当他努力微笑时。yet仍然，还；even 甚至；just 仅仅，只；still 仍然，还。结合语境可知此处表程度加深，故选 B。5. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：魔术师并说道。looked 看；refused 拒绝；agreed同意；laughed 大笑。结合下
28、文可知这里表示同意，故选 C。6. C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：面具看起来如此以至于没有人知道那不是国王的本来面目。sad 伤心的；happy 高兴的；natural 自然的；serious 严肃的。结合语境可知选C。7. B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：国王为了不让自己的面具破裂，他对待所有人都很 。badly 坏地；kindly 和蔼地；coldly 冷淡地；differently 不同地。结合语境知可选 B。8. A【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：最后，这个国王不想再欺骗他的妻子了。让魔术师摘下他的面具。So 因此，所以；Or 或者，否则；But 但是；However 然而。前
29、后句为因果关系，故选 A。Cloze 2【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了在一块蔬菜地里，蔬菜和一棵树为了各自的利益互不相让，结果两败俱伤。一个南瓜通过自己的举动让他们懂得了谦让及和谐相处的5重要性。1. C【解析】考查相互代词 each other的用法。根据下一句可知蔬菜和树彼此相处不融洽。故选 C。2. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：蔬菜不喜欢树，因为他们认为树没有留给他们足够的。light 光；water 水；air 空气；wind 风。由空后“.by covering them with its thick leaves.”可知树厚厚的叶子遮住了光线，故选 A。3. B【解析】
30、考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，蔬菜决定地里所有的水让树枯死。look up往上看，查询；use up用光，用尽；pick up 拾起，捡起；put up 贴上。由下文“.so that the tree would dry up.”可知蔬菜决定把所有的水都用光，让树枯死。故选 B。4. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都不希望园丁停止 他的蔬菜地。picking 采摘；growing 生长；planting 种植；watering 浇水。由后半句“because he thought it was 5 to save the vegetables.”和最后一段中“.he started
31、to water the field again.”他重新开始给那块地浇水可知，园丁之前停止了给蔬菜地浇水。故选 D。5. A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为他认为拯救蔬菜是。hopeless 毫无希望的；important重要的；hopeful 充满希望的；necessary 必要的。从前文 “Soon they both began to dry up under the hot sun.”可以看出拯救他们是毫无希望了。故选 A。6. C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当园丁停止浇水后，树和蔬菜才真的感受到他们有多么。angry 生气的；hungry 饥饿的；thirsty 口渴的
32、；comfortable 舒适的。由常识可知没有被浇水，树和蔬菜会感到口渴。故选 C。7. B【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：天气很热又没有水，小南瓜尽自己一切可能去生长。so因此；though 虽然；but 但是；and 和。这里是表示让步关系，故选 B。8. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，园丁在一群濒临死亡的蔬菜中长势很好的小南瓜。watched 注视；knew 知道，懂得；harvested 收获；noticed 注意到。由前文可知园丁本来都放弃了这片蔬菜地，然而拼命生长的小南瓜引起了园丁的注意。故选 D。9. A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：，他重新开始浇地。Therefore
33、 因此，表因果；However 然后，表转折；Besides 此外，表递进；Also 也，表补充。由上文可知园丁发现南瓜长势好，所以决定继续给蔬菜地浇水。这是因果关系。故选 A。10. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他仍想去收获一个美丽的南瓜。decision 决定；idea主意；effort 努力；chance 机会。make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事。故选C。Cloze 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是“我”在学校演戏剧的经历，起初饰演公主，后因忘词而改为旁白，因此而闷闷不乐。通过蒲公英告诉我一个道理：即使再普通的东西也会造就伟大。在母亲的鼓励下，
34、我将旁白这个角色做得很好。1. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲用了好几周帮助我我的台词。write 写；listen听；practice 练习；teach 教。因为演戏剧是需要练习台词的。故选 C。2. . A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是一次在表演中，每一个词从我的头脑中。disappeared消失；spread 传播；forgot 忘记；left 离开。根据语境及下句“My teacher asked me to change roles and be the narrator(解说员) ”可知老师给她换了角色，是因为她总忘词，再结合句中“from”可知“disappeare
35、d”最符合语境。故选 A。3. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我没有告诉我妈妈那天所的事情，她感觉到了我的并问我是否想到院子里走一走。done 做；happened 发生；gone 去；made 制作。根据语境可知，妈妈觉察到了发生了什么。故选 B。4. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。illness 疾病；fearlessness 无畏，勇敢；kindness 善良；unhappiness 不高兴。根据语境及句意可知“我”因角色变化而表现出的不高兴，妈妈都看在了眼里。故选 D。65. A【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我看到我妈妈不经意地弯下腰一些花。by 通过，在旁边；for 对于；w
36、ith 用；at 在某个时间或时刻。根据句意可知是妈妈在一些花旁边弯下腰。故选 A。6. B【解析】考查代词的用法。句意：是的，每一朵花以自己的方式绽放着。it 它；its 它的，是形容词性/名词性物主代词；its 它是(it is或 is has的缩写形式)；it is它是。分析句子结构可知此处缺少可修饰名词的形容词性物主代词。故选 B。7. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始哭并告诉她。memory 记忆；discovery 发现；truth真相；accident 事故。根据句意及语境可知“我”把真相告诉了妈妈，说出了自己不高兴的事情。故选 C。8. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析及非谓
37、语动词。句意：我是多么爱给她大声地朗读故事。reminding提醒；thinking 认为；reminded 提醒；thought 认为。分析句子成分可知此处应填现在分词作伴随状语，再结合句意可知答案。故选 A。9. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，我学会了以这个角色为。action行动；turns 轮流；risks 冒险；pride 骄傲。take pride in是固定短语， “以为骄傲” 。再结合语境(妈妈对她一直的鼓励，如上文中的句子“You will be a beautiful narrator.”)可知答案。故选 D。10. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句
38、意：她说着并递给我一。note 便条；dandelion蒲公英；sunflower 向日葵；dictionary 字典。根据语境及文中下句“After the play, I took the flower home.”可知妈妈送来的应是蒲公英。故选 B。Cloze 4【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了一位国王为他的女儿选驸马的故事。文章告诉我们，有时候我们改变一下思维方式，就会成功。1. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他 怎样才能找到合适的人。surprised 使惊讶；wondered想知道；hoped 希望；recognized 认出。根据后半句“怎样才能找到合适的人”可知他是想知
39、道，故选 B。2. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，这个国王有一个。opinion 观点；impression印象；idea 想法；opportunity 机会。根据后句“He decided to hold a contest(比赛)to decide which gentleman would achieve this great honor.”可知他有了一个想法，故选 C。3. B【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：国王下令想娶公主的人都必须到宫殿来报告。whom谁(作宾语)；who 谁(作主语或宾语)；which 哪一个(作主语或宾语)；why 为什么(作状语)。根据空前的“an
40、yone”可知指人，且作从句的主语，故选 B。4. D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了娶到他女儿，一位男士必须快速用一个 东西来填满整个房间。expensive 昂贵的；cheap 便宜的；heavy 重的；light 轻的。根据第二段第二句“He brought bags full of feathers.”以及后文中有人用丝绸或者蜡烛“填充”房间，可知选 D。5. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着很大的，他开始用羽毛填满这个大房间。confidence 信心；doubt 疑问；shame 遗憾；sadness 难过。根据语境可知刚开始他信心十足，故选 A。6. B【解析】考查代
41、词词义辨析。the other 另一个(两者中)；another 另一个(三者或三者以上)；any other任何一个；other 另外的。根据句意可知有好多人来参加，故应用another，表示不定数目中的另一个，故选 B。7. A【解析】考查形容词和副词混合辨析。句意：时间又一次用完了，他 离开宫殿。disappointed失望的；happily 高兴地；excited 兴奋的；freely 自由地。时间用完了，这个男人也失败了，因此离开时应该是失望的，故选 A。78. D【解析】考查概数词的用法。句意：比赛者希望通过这次测试。Hundredsof 表示“成百上千的” ，表示概数，若表示确定
42、的数，前必须有确定的数目，且用 hundred的单数形式，故选 D。9. B【解析】考查同根词词义辨析。句意：成百上千的比赛者希望通过这次测试，但是没有一个人。success 成功(名词)；succeeded 成功(动词过去式)；successful 成功的(形容词)；successfully 成功地(副词)。分析句子结构可知，此空为该句谓语动词，故选 B。10. C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个年轻人进入房间时 灯。put off推迟；put up张贴；put out熄灭，伸出；put down放下。根据第五段最后一句“In no time, the light filled the
43、whole room.”可知这个年轻人首先关掉了房间里的灯。故选 C。11. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从他的口袋里，拿出一根小并点着了它。candle蜡烛；ice 冰；stone 石头；gold 金子。根据后半句“and lit it”可知应是蜡烛，故选 A。12. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了解决问题，有时我们必须我们的思考方式。follow跟随；change 改变；turn 转变；make 制造。根据空后一句“We need to reeducate ourselves by looking at the problem in a different way.”可知此处表达有时候我们必须改变我们的思维方式。故选 B。8
