1、1五四语法一 冠词语法考点剖析考点一 不定冠词 a/an 的用法1基本用法(1)泛指某个人或物，意思为“一”，数量概念比 one 弱。A girl is looking for you.有个女孩在找你。(2)用于可数名词单数形式前，表示一类人或物。A dog is a useful animal.狗是一种有用的动物。(3)用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前，表示“每一”，相当于 every或 each。We have six classes a day.我们每天六节课。(4)用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。The apple is delicious. Can I have a seco
2、nd one？这苹果很好吃，我能再吃一个吗？(5)用于物质名词前面，表示“一种、一场”等。What a heavy rain！好大的一场雨！(6)构成一些固定短语。a little bit 有点儿 a couple of 两个all of a sudden 突然 have a cold 感冒have a look 看一看 have a rest 休息一下have a try 试一试 have a walk 散步once in a while 偶尔 pay a visit to 拜访play a role 发挥作用 quite a lot/few 许多2a /an 的辨析不定冠词 a 与 an
3、是一对孪生姐妹。a n 用在以元音音素开头的名词前，如 an egg。即使单词拼写以辅音字母开头，如果单词的读音是以元音音素开头，也要用 an，如 an hour。反之即使单词拼写以元音字母开头但读音是 以辅音音素开头，加不定冠词时也要用 a，如 a university。(1)常见的以元音音素开头的重点名词和形容词 animal answer arm appleeasy egg eraser elephanteye hour idea impolite2important interesting orange umbrellauncle unhappy unknown unpleasantu
4、nusual (2)常见的不定冠词易错短语an honest boy an houra university a useful booka usual story a European countrya UFO单项选择1(2018山东莱芜中考) Wolf Warriors is such exciting film that I have seen it three times.Aa Ban Cthe D/2( 2018贵州安顺中考)France is European country while Thailand is Asian country.Aan; an Ban; a Ca; a D
5、a; an3(2018甘肃白银中考) The man is driving at 40 kilometres hour.Aa Ban Cthe D/4(2018江苏宿迁中考)There will be talk on good manners at the school hall this afternoon.Athe Ban Ca D/考点二 定冠词的用法1用在特定的人或物的名词前，表示特指。Who is the girl over there？那边的女孩是谁？2用来指上文中已提到过的人或事物。 There is a chair in the room. An old man is sitt
6、ing on the chair.房间里有一把椅子，椅子上坐着一位老人。3用于表示世界上独一无二的事物名词前以及普通名词构成的专有名词前。the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球the Great Wall 长城 the United States 美国the Pacific Ocean 太平洋3the Tianshan Mountains 天山山脉4用在表示演奏的西洋乐器之前。The boy can play the piano.这 个男孩会弹钢琴。中国的传统乐器前不加 the。My father can play erhu.我爸爸会拉二胡。5用于形容词、副词的
7、最高级前。Math is the most difficult subject for me.对我来说，数学是最难的科目。6用在序数词或表示顺序的其他词前。All the students take five subjects in the first year.所有学生第一年要上五门课程。7“the形容词”或“the可数名词单数”表示一类事物。The new is sure to replace the old.新事物一定会取代旧事物。The dog is one of the cleverest animals in the world.狗是世界上最聪明的动物之一。8用在姓氏复数形式前，表
8、示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。The Turners were having lunch when I got there.我到那里的时候，特纳一家正在吃午饭。9用在 next, last, same, only 等词前。Are you the only child？你是独生子吗？No. I have a sister.不是，我有一个姐姐。10构成一些固定短语。around the world 世界各地do the dishes 清洗餐具go to the movies 看电影take the subway 乘地铁in the countryside 在乡下；在农村in the face of 面
9、对(问题、困难等)at the top of.在顶部或顶端in the end 最后all the time 频繁；反复at the beginning of.在开始 4at the same time 同时；一起by the time .在以前by the end of 在(某时间点)以前the day before yesterday 前天the day after tomorrow 后天get in the way of.挡的路；妨碍 on the one hand . on the other hand .一方面另一方面 the more. the more.越越；愈愈单项选择1(20
10、18浙江温州中考)Will you go to schoolleavers party tomorrow?Certainly. Im going with my parents.Aa Ban Cthe D/2(2018河南中考)Are you going to football match tonight?I wish I could, but Im meeting VIP from Oklahoma.A an; an Ban; a Cthe; an Dthe; a3(2018 贵州安顺中考改编)Ann is my best friend. She can pla y piano very w
11、ell.A/ Ba Cthe Dan考点三 零冠词1表示泛指的不可数名词和复数名词前。We cant live without air.我们离不开空气。I like oranges, but my mother likes apples.我喜欢橘子，但我妈妈喜欢苹果。2名词前已有限定词时。There is no pen in your schoolbag.你书包里没有钢笔。3表示节日、季节、月份、日期、星期的名词前。March 8th is Womens Day.3 月 8 日是妇女节。表示节日后面用 Day 的时候通常不用 the; 用 Festival 的时候加 the，如 MidAutu
12、mn Day, the Spring Festival。54表示球类、棋类、游戏、学科、语言、三餐的名词前。What do you like for breakfast？你早餐想吃什么？Lets play basketball after school.放学后咱们打篮球吧！5by 后接交通工具时。by bike 骑自行车 by car 开汽车6构成一些固定短语。on time 准时 on foot 步行at first 首先；最初by mistake 错误地；无意中单项选择1(2018内蒙古呼和浩特中考)There is a chess match between a Korean playe
13、r and AlphaGo.Its very amazing.Playing chess is usually onetoone game.Athe; a Bthe; an C/; a D/; an2(2018四川宜宾中考改编)Every morning he spends hour doing exercise, then he goes to work.Aan; / Ba; a Ca; / Da; an3I enjoy having breakfast with my family at home. It makes me feel relaxed.Aa Ban Cthe D/6参考答案考点一14 BDBC考点二13 CDC考点三13 CAD
