1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2010 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication ma
3、y be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside US
4、A) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/ARP5403AAEROSPACESTANDARDARP5403 REV. A Issued 2001-08 Revised 2010-03Superseding ARP5403 (R) A
5、ircraft Crash Axes RATIONALEThis revision provides additional guidance regarding recommended crew member training and crash ax stowage in the passenger cabin. 1. SCOPE This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) recommends general criteria for availability, location, accessibility, stowage, use, a
6、nd crew member training needed for aircraft crash axes. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in ef
7、fect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1
8、.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.ARP4101/6 Stowage of Flight Crews Survival Emergency and Miscellaneous Equipment AIR5401 Aircraft Crash Axes A
9、S5402 Design and Performance Criteria, Aircraft Crash Axes 2.1.2 Code of Federal Regulations Available from the United States Government Printing Office, 732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20401,Tel: 202-512-0000, www.gpoaccess.gov.14 CFR Part 25 Airworthiness Standards; Transport Category
10、 Airplanes (25.789(a), 25.1411(a), 25.1561(c) 14 CFR Part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules (91.513(e)14 CFR Part 121 Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations (121.309(e)14 CFR Part 125 Certification and Operations: Airplanes having a seating capacity of 20 or more pas
11、sengers or a maximum payload capacity of 6000 pounds or more (125.207(a)Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE ARP5403A Page 2 of 414 CFR Part 135 Operating Requirements: Commuter and On
12、-Demand Operations (135.177(a)2.1.3 EASA Publications Available from the European Aviation Safety Agency, Postfach 10 12 53, D-50452 Koeln, Germany, Tel: +49 221 8999 000, www.easa.eu.int.CS-25 Certification Specifications for Large Aeroplanes (25.789(a), 25.1411(a), 25.1561(c) EU-OPS 1.795 Crash Ax
13、es and Crowbars 2.2 Definitions 2.2.1 CRASH AX: A hand tool to aid aircraft crew members in emergencies. The hand tool is to assist crew members in penetrating aircraft materials and for prying, twisting and cutting jammed items that are impeding the crews ability to respond to an emergency. 2.3 Man
14、dating and Recommending Words 2.3.1 SHALL: Indicates a mandatory criterion. 2.3.2 SHOULD: Indicates a criterion for which an alternative, including noncompliance, may be applied if it is documented and justified. 3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Availability 3.1.1 Crash axes referenced in AIR5401 and as
15、required by the governing civil aviation authority regulations (e.g., FAA CFRs, EASA EU-OPS, etc.) shall be provided for emergency use by aircraft crew members. 3.2 Quantity 3.2.1 In an airplane with a maximum passenger seating capacity exceeding 200, an additional crash ax should be located in the
16、passenger cabin. For each additional 200 passenger seats over 200, an additional crash ax should be located in the passenger cabin (i.e., for 200 to 399 passengers, two axes recommended; for 400 to 599 passengers, three axes recommended, etc.). 3.2.2 Other Considerations for Quantity The number of c
17、rash axes provided should be considered relative to the number of aircraft decks or levels. There should be a minimum of one crash ax located on each deck or level, in meeting the recommended quantities of 3.2.1. 3.3 Location 3.3.1 A crash ax shall be located on the flight deck for emergency use by
18、the flight crew (see ARP4101/6). 3.3.2 When one crash ax is located in the passenger cabin, its location should be near the cabin attendant activity station farthest away from the flight deck. Additional crash axes should be uniformly spaced; each located near cabin attendant activity stations. (Cab
19、in attendant activity stations are those areas where cabin attendants/crew members perform their normal activities. These areas would include galleys.) Crash axes shall not be located in stowage compartments that are normally accessed by passengers (e.g., overhead stowage bins, closets) or in indivi
20、dual jumpseat locations surrounded by passenger seating. 3.3.3 For security purposes, the stowage location of a crash ax in the passenger cabin should not be placarded. 3.3.4 If a supplemental pry bar (as specified in 3.7) is supplied in addition to the crash ax, then both the tools shall be stowed
21、together. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE ARP5403A Page 3 of 43.4 Accessibility 3.4.1 The stowage location on the flight deck shall provide easy access to the crash ax by a requir
22、ed crew member while he/she is at his/her duty station. 3.4.2 Crash axes located in the passenger cabin shall be inconspicuous to passengers (i.e., installed in a compartment that is not normally accessible to passengers) but readily accessible to crew members.3.5 Stowage 3.5.1 The crash ax shall us
23、e a stowage bracket or other retaining feature to prevent inadvertent dislodging of the crash ax from mounting location under all possible loading conditions as identified in 14 CFR Part 25.789(a). 3.5.2 The stowage bracket/retaining feature shall allow for the release and removal of the crash ax us
24、ing only one hand.3.5.3 While in the stowed position, all sharp or pointed edges/surfaces of the crash ax shall be covered/ shielded to prevent inadvertent contact which could cause injury to crew members. 3.5.4 The stowage location should allow for easy verification by crew members of the presence
25、of the crash ax. 3.6 Crash Ax Supplementation It is preferred that one multifunction tool be provided to perform all necessary functions. However, where an existing crash ax provided in an aircraft performs all specified functions, with the exception of those associated with prying, a supplemental p
26、ry bar shall be included to augment the existing crash ax, so that the combination of tools meets the minimum standards of AS5402. 3.7 Crew Member Training Crew members who are expected to use the crash ax should receive training in its functional capabilities, limitations, hazards and the stowage l
27、ocations on the airplane. The training should describe possible emergency conditions in which a crash ax may be used. The training should identify the functions and features of the crash ax which are best suited to deal with each emergency condition. The training should set realistic expectations of
28、 what can be accomplished using the crash ax (i.e., chopping through forward windshields is not realistic). The training should teach proper utilization techniques to those who will use the crash ax and shall allow those being trained to physically handle and exercise the functions of the crash ax t
29、o become familiar with its features. The training shall also point out possible hazards that may be encountered when using the crash ax. 3.7.1 Functions Crew member training should address the following crash ax functions: a. Prying open jammed flight deck/other emergency exits (e.g., sliding window
30、s, plug hatches, flight deck entry doors, cabin doors, etc.). b. Prying open jammed or locked access panels. c. Penetrating bulkheads or panels to permit application of fire extinguishing agent. d. Penetrating aircraft skin, bulkheads or panels when the airplane is on the ground to permit ventilatio
31、n of fire and for clean air to breathe. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE ARP5403A Page 4 of 4e. Chopping holes in side windows to permit or assist in extrication, to permit applica
32、tion of fire extinguishing agent, and/or to permit ventilation. f. Penetrating inadvertently inflated devices (e.g., life rafts, etc.). 3.7.2 Hazards Crew member training should address potential hazards when using the crash ax to gain access behind panels in aircraft. These hazards may include: a.
33、Energized electrical wires or busses carrying significant voltage and amperage. b. Pressurized fuel lines containing flammable aviation fuel. c. Pressurized hydraulic lines containing flammable and/or caustic hydraulic fluid. d. Materials burning. e. Aircraft pressure vessel being punctured causing
34、loss of cabin pressure. f. Unauthorized use by passengers. Crew member training shall stress a cautious and methodical approach in using the crash ax to provide access behind panels. The training shall also emphasis that it is preferable to pry open panels, whenever possible, rather than attempt to
35、penetrate them. 3.7.3 General Ax Handling Cautions Crew member training should address other possible hazards that may be encountered when using the crash ax. These hazards may include: a. Contact with sharp edges on the crash ax head, when using the crash ax as a pry bar. b. Bounceback of the crash
36、 ax head when striking resilient surfaces such as Plexiglas. 3.8 Alternative Panel Access Methods Some access panels can be opened using a screwdriver. Alternative tools (e.g., a multi-tipped screwdriver) other than the crash ax should be provided to permit emergency access behind removable panels a
37、s an alternative to forcible access. Use of such techniques/tools should be included in crew member training. 4. NOTES 4.1 A change bar (|) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous
38、 issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY SAE COMMITTEE S-9,CABIN SAFETY PROVISIONS Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-
