1、 Copyright 2009 by THE SOCIETY OF MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS 3 Barker Avenue, White Plains, NY 10601 (914) 761-1100 Approved June 3, 2009 Table of Contents Page Foreword . 2 Intellectual Property 2 Introduction . 2 1 Scope 3 2 Conformance Notation 3 3 Normative References 3 4 Overview .
2、 3 5 Image Content. 4 6 Background Image 10 7 Cropping Markers 15 8 Countdown Area . 16 9 Audio Content . 17 10 Trailer (Foot Leader) . 17 11 Aspect Ratio Support (Informative) 19 Annex A Bibliography (Informative) . 23 Page 1 of 23 pages RP 428-6-2009SMPTE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE D-Cinema Distribution
3、 Master Digital Leader RP 428-6-2009 Page 2 of 23 pages Foreword SMPTE (the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) is an internationally-recognized standards developing organization. Headquartered and incorporated in the United States of America, SMPTE has members in over 80 countries o
4、n six continents. SMPTEs Engineering Documents, including Standards, Recommended Practices and Engineering Guidelines, are prepared by SMPTEs Technology Committees. Participation in these Committees is open to all with a bona fide interest in their work. SMPTE cooperates closely with other standards
5、-developing organizations, including ISO, IEC and ITU. SMPTE Engineering Documents are drafted in accordance with the rules given in Part XIII of its Administrative Practices. SMPTE Recommended Practice RP 428-6 was prepared by Technology Committee 21DC. Intellectual Property The D-Cinema Leader is
6、the copyrighted intellectual property SMPTE. All rights are reserved and generation of electronic versions of the Leader or derivative works is prohibited without a license from SMPTE At the time of publication no notice had been received by SMPTE claiming patent rights essential to the implementati
7、on of this Recommended Practice. However, attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. SMPTE shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Introduction This document describes the makeup and use o
8、f a digital leader primarily intended for use in digital cinema. Although the use of a leader is not necessary for digital cinema exhibition, it is nevertheless useful as a known reference for verifying that the program content distributed with the leader appears correct if an optional playlist is u
9、sed to view the leader. It is also useful during post production to provide a known “first frame” (beginning of file sequence) and a “sync pop” frame for combining multiple picture and sound elements. The image is described as filling the entire “2K” image size of 2048 x 1080 pixels, or the “4K” ima
10、ge size of 4096 x 2160 pixels. In practice, the imagery of the digital leader will be cropped to the same aspect ratio as the program content that it is associated with. Similarly, although the code values for colors and gray levels presented in this document are defined according to the XYZ color s
11、pace described in SMPTE RP 431-2, the colors and gray levels would be converted to the appropriate color space and code values if the associated program content used a different color space. The description of the digital leader is presented in a general manner so that it may also describe a leader
12、used for content intended to be presented at frame rates other than at 24 frames per second and/or for stereoscopic content. This document also describes the use of a “sync pop” tone that may be used to verify synchronization between picture and sound. An optional foot leader with an optional sync p
13、op is also described. RP 428-6-2009 Page 3 of 23 pages 1 Scope This recommended practice is intended to specify the source images and make-up of leaders and use of sound synchronization cue marks and tones as part of a Digital Cinema Distribution Master (DCDM) as described in SMPTE 428-1 and/or as p
14、art of a Digital Cinema Package (DCP). 2 Conformance Notation Normative text is text that describes elements of the design that are indispensable or contains the conformance language keywords: “shall“, “should“, or “may“. Informative text is text that is potentially helpful to the user, but not indi
15、spensable, and can be removed, changed, or added editorially without affecting interoperability. Informative text does not contain any conformance keywords. All text in this document is, by default, normative, except: the Introduction, any section explicitly labeled as “Informative“ or individual pa
16、ragraphs that start with “Note:” The keywords “shall“ and “shall not“ indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the document and from which no deviation is permitted. The keywords, “should“ and “should not“ indicate that, among several possibilities, one is recommended as
17、particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others; or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required; or that (in the negative form) a certain possibility or course of action is deprecated but not prohibited. The keywords “may“ and “need not“ indicate courses o
18、f action permissible within the limits of the document. The keyword “reserved” indicates a provision that is not defined at this time, shall not be used, and may be defined in the future. The keyword “forbidden” indicates “reserved” and in addition indicates that the provision will never be defined
19、in the future. A conformant implementation according to this document is one that includes all mandatory provisions (“shall“) and, if implemented, all recommended provisions (“should“) as described. A conformant implementation need not implement optional provisions (“may“) and need not implement the
20、m as described. 3 Normative References The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommended Practice. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements
21、 based on this Recommended Practice are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standards indicated below. SMPTE 428-1-2006, D-Cinema Distribution Master Image Characteristics SMPTE 428-3-2006, D-Cinema Distribution Master Audio Channel Mapping and Channe
22、l Labeling SMPTE RP 155-2004, Motion-Picture and Television Reference Level for Digital Audio Systems 4 Overview This document describes a countdown leader that is intended to be used in a manner similar to the use of the Universal Leader defined by ASA PH22.55-1966 and SMPTE 55-2000. The Universal
23、Leader is based upon a sweeping clock arm completing one revolution per second, with a decrementing large numeral to assist in synchronization and projection. Most of the other types of film leaders are typically based upon film footage and typically do not have the sweeping clock arm. Virtually all
24、 types of film leaders have additional content RP 428-6-2009 Page 4 of 23 pages including identification and protection sections which are not needed for a Digital Leader and are thus not included as part of this specification. A “sync pop” synchronization verification tone similar to the one descri
25、bed in SMPTE RP 25 is included as part of the Digital Leader. Throughout this document, there are references to “2K” and “4K” images. “2K” refers to an image that is 2048 1080 pixels prior to cropping the image to a different aspect ratio, and “4K” refers to an image that is 4096 2160 pixels prior t
26、o cropping. The “Digital Leader” described in this document is based upon a common image format that completely fills these areas. The actual Digital Leader used in a final Digital Cinema Package (DCP) or other content may be a cropped and modified version of the original imagery. For example, there
27、 is a provision for a stereoscopic indicator for left-eye and right-eye views that would be absent for non-stereoscopic content. 5 Image Content 5.1 Background Image Colors Unless otherwise specified, for the purposes of this document the definitions of the shades of gray using the 12-bit XYZ code v
28、alues shown in Table 1 shall apply. Included in the table are the gray shades “countdown light-gray” and “countdown dark-gray” which are used in the countdown area of the image, and “gamma-match gray” which is a gray shade that is approximately the same shade as what the eye would see upon looking a
29、t slightly defocused alternating white and black lines. Table 1 12-bit code values for general shades of gray SHADE OF GRAY X Y Z White 3794 3960 3890 Near-white 3612 3770 3703 Black 0 0 0 Background-gray 570 595 585 Mid-gray 1897 1980 1945 Countdown light-gray 3035 3168 3112 Countdown dark-gray 151
30、8 1584 1556 Gamma-match gray 2906 3033 2979 The 12-bit code values for the ten gray shades ranging from near-black to white shall be as defined in Table 2. Note: These code values are based upon the code values that are given in Table A-2 of SMPTE 431-2. RP 428-6-2009 Page 5 of 23 pages Table 2 12-b
31、it code values for full-range near-black to white gray step-scale pattern STEP X Y Z 1 379 396 389 2 759 792 778 3 1138 1188 1167 4 1518 1584 1556 5 1897 1980 1945 6 2276 2376 2334 7 2656 2772 2723 8 3035 3168 3112 9 3415 3564 3501 10 3794 3960 3890 The 12-bit code values for the ten gray shades ran
32、ging from black to a dark shade of gray shall be as defined in Table 3. Note: These code values are based upon the code values that are given in Table A-3 of SMPTE 431-2, except that the lightest shade of gray has been removed and a new step using the code values for Black has been added to the patt
33、ern. Table 3 12-bit code values for dark gray step-scale pattern STEP X Y Z 1 0 0 0 2 122 128 125 3 245 255 251 4 367 383 376 5 490 511 502 6 612 639 627 7 734 766 753 8 857 894 878 9 979 1022 1004 10 1101 1150 1129 The 12-bit code values for other colors shall be as defined in Table 4. Note: These
34、code values are based upon the code values that are given in Table A-4 of SMPTE RP 431-2, except that for the Red-1 color the code value for Z is “0” rather than “100”. This is to ensure the proper code values are obtained if the image is converted from RGB to XYZ. (The Z value of “100” was used for
35、 Red-1 in SMPTE RP 431-2 to avoid the use of “0”.) RP 428-6-2009 Page 6 of 23 pages Table 4 12-bit code values for colors Color X Y Z Red-1 2901 2171 0 Green-1 2417 3493 1222 Blue-1 2014 1416 3816 Cyan-1 2911 3618 3890 Magenta-1 3289 2421 3814 Yellow-1 3494 3853 1221 Red-2 2738 2171 1233 Green-2 276
36、7 3493 2325 Blue-2 1800 1416 3203 Cyan-2 3085 3590 3756 Magenta-2 3062 2421 3497 Yellow-2 3461 3777 2065 5.2 Duration The Digital Leader shall be exactly 8 seconds in duration. Thus, for 24 frames per second content, the Digital Leader is 192 frames in duration. 5.3 “Picture Start“ Frame Frame 1 The
37、 first frame of the Digital Leader shall consist of the words “PICTURE START“ using all upper case letters using a black sans-serif font against a countdown light-gray background. The letters of the word “PICTURE” shall be approximately 20% of the un-cropped image height; thus the letters will be ap
38、proximately 216 pixels in height for 2K imagery and approximately 432 pixels in height for 4K imagery. The letters of the word “START” shall be approximately 45% of un-cropped the image height; thus the letters will be approximately 486 pixels tall for 2K imagery and approximately 972 pixels tall fo
39、r 4K imagery. To account for cropping and the screen masking, the letters of both words shall be contained in a rectangular area that is bounded 400 pixels vertically from the center of the image for 2K imagery ( 800 pixels vertically for 4K imagery) and 720 pixels horizontally from the center of th
40、e image for 2K imagery ( 1440 pixels horizontally for 4K imagery). The “Picture Start” frame shall correspond to a frame that is 8 seconds before the beginning of the program content. 5.4 Countdown Frames Note: For the sake of clarity, the frame counts listed for the remainder of Section 5 and its s
41、ubsections are for 24 frame-per-second content only as an example. This example of a Digital Leader is illustrated in Figure 1. For other frame rates, the descriptions are the same except the frame counts will be different. Frame 2 The frame following the “PICTURE START“ frame shall consist of the b
42、ackground image as described in Section 6, with the numeral “8“ shown as the countdown numeral and with the clock arm positioned at a clockwise angle relative to the 12:00 hour position equal to 360 degrees divided by the frames per second rate of the content. Thus, for 24 frames per second content,
43、 the clock arm would be 15 degrees clockwise past the 12:00 hour position for the first frame following the “PICTURE START“ frame. RP 428-6-2009 Page 7 of 23 pages Frames 3-24 For subsequent frames until the frame corresponding to 7 seconds before the first frame of action, the countdown numeral “8“
44、 shall persist with the clock arm advancing clockwise each frame at an angle of 360 degrees divided by the frames per second rate of the content for each frame. The background within the concentric circles shall be countdown light-gray in advance of the clock arm and countdown dark-gray trailing the
45、 clock arm. Frame 25 At the frame corresponding to 7 seconds before the first frame of action, the countdown numeral shall change to a “7“; the background within the outer countdown circle shall change back to countdown light-gray; and the inner concentric countdown circle and the sweeping clock arm
46、 and the crosshairs between the outer concentric circle and the focus squares in the center of the frame shall not be present. Frames 26-48 For subsequent frames until the frame corresponding to 6 seconds before the first frame of action, the countdown numeral “7“ shall persist with the clock arm ad
47、vancing clockwise each frame at an angle of 360 degrees divided by the frames per second rate for each frame. The background within the concentric circles shall be countdown light-gray in advance of the clock arm and countdown dark-gray trailing the clock arm. Frame 49 At the frame corresponding to
48、6 seconds before the first frame of action, the countdown numeral shall change to a “6“; the background within the outer countdown circle shall change back to countdown light-gray; and the inner concentric countdown circle and the sweeping clock arm and the crosshairs between the outer concentric ci
49、rcle and the focus squares in the center of the frame shall not be present. Frames 50-72 For subsequent frames until the frame corresponding to 5 seconds before the first frame of action, the countdown numeral “6“ shall persist with the clock arm advancing clockwise each frame at an angle of 360 degrees divided by the frames per second rate of the content for each frame. The background within the concentric circles shall be countdown light-gray in ad
