1、 TSB-130 January 2003 (r 01/2012) Generic Guidelines for Connectorized Polarization Maintaining Fiber and Polarizing Fiber Cable Assemblies for Use in Telecommunications Applications NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misun
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22、OF THE USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. TSB-130 TSB-130 Generic Guidelines for Connectorized Polarization Maintaining Fiber and Polarizing Fiber Cable Assemblies for use in Telecommunication Applications Contents 1. Introduction 1
23、 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Definitions 1 2. Normative references . 5 3. Connector parameters . 7 3.1 Connector plugs 7 3.1.1 Connector plug anti-rotation key 7 3.1.2 Connector plug endface geometry . 8 3.2 Coupling adapter 8 3.3 Arrangement . 8 3.4 Fiber/cable retention 9 3.5 Fiber . 9 3.6 Cable . 9 3.7 Accep
24、tance Test parameters 10 3.8 Visual Endface Inspection 11 iTSB-130 ii This Page is Blank TSB-130 _ Foreword _ This Standard was formulated under the cognizance of TIA Subcommittee FO-6.9. Future document and subject matter support will fall under TIA Subcommittee FO-4.3. Key words: polarization main
25、taining fiber, polarizing fiber, PMF, PZF, polarization, crosstalk, slow axis, fast axis, extinction ratio, connectorization. iiiTSB-130 iv This Page is Blank TSB-130 TSB-130 (PN-3-0019) Generic Guidelines for Connectorized Polarization Maintaining Fiber and Polarizing Fiber Cable Assemblies for use
26、 in Telecommunication Applications _ 1. Introduction _ 1.1 Scope The purpose of the TSB is to provide familiarity and common usage of connectorized polarization maintaining fiber (PMF) and polarizing fiber (PZF) as used for telecommunication applications (consult TIA TSB-120 for additional informati
27、on). It establishes terminology, preferred optical performance values, geometric values, and identification markings as a guidance definition for Best Commercial Practices. 1.2 Definitions Whenever possible, terminology is used as defined in TIA/EIA-440-A. For the purposes of this document, the foll
28、owing specific definitions apply. Beat Length The distance over which the phase difference between the linearly polarized light in the two Principal Optical Axes rotates through 360 degrees while traveling in an optical fiber. Greater fiber birefringence creates a greater velocity difference between
29、 the two axes, leading to a shorter beat length. A short beat length fiber will have less Polarization Crosstalk than a long beat length fiber. Birefringence, Linear Effective refractive index asymmetry in the fibers core, leading to different propagation velocities. In PMF/PZF, the difference betwe
30、en the effective refractive indices of the Slow and Fast Polarization Axes is maximized to produce maximum decoupling. 1TSB-130 Random birefringence due to random, effective refractive index differences in standard singlemode fiber leads to polarization mode dispersion. PMF/PZF have zero polarizatio
31、n mode dispersion (PMD) for optical power launched into either the slow or fast axis. Cable Assembly A length of PMF or PZF which has connectors mounted on both ends of the fiber. The fiber is usually housed in a protective jacketing. Connectorization A process allowing two separate optical fibers t
32、o be mechanically coupled with maximum optical power transfer and minimal polarization state change. See Section 3 for more details. Extinction Ratio A measure of the symmetry of optical powers present in each of the PMF/PZFs Principal Optical Axes. Calculated by multiplying 10 by the base-10 logari
33、thm of the power ratio at a given point along the fiber, usually its output endface. A larger number indicates a greater asymmetry of optical power, hence a higher degree of PMF/PZF linear polarization. Extinction ratio is measured with unpolarized light. Expressed in dB. Fast Axis The optical axis
34、of PMF/PZF which has a lower effective refractive index. It coincides with the stress-free axis of the fibers core, and is orthogonal with the axis of the stress-applying field. See Figure 1. Keying Accuracy The mismatch angle between the obtained polarization axis and the key groove direction of th
35、e receptacle for the plug. Measured per TIA/EIA 455-227 (FOTP-227). Patchcord Same as Cable Assembly. Pigtail 2TSB-130 A length of PMF or PZF which has a connector mounted on only one end. The unconnectorized end may or may not be attached to an optical device, such as a laser or modulator. The fibe
36、r is usually housed in a protective jacketing. Polarization Crosstalk The ratio of the power that crosses over to the initially unexcited polarization state to the power that remains in the initially excited state (both powers measured at the elements distal end). Polarization crosstalk is measured
37、with polarized light, aligned to be parallel to one of the PMF/PZFs Principal Optical Axes. Measured per TIA/EIA 455-193 (FOTP-193). Polarization-Maintaining Fiber (PMF) A strongly birefringent singlemode fiber, created by a controlled asymmetrical stress field applied across the fibers core. This f
38、ixed stress is applied at the time of the fibers manufacture, and cannot be changed. The asymmetrical stress field creates an asymmetrical, effective refractive index, leading to two distinct orthogonal Principal Optical Axes, named the polarization Fast Axis and Slow Axis. For PMF to transport line
39、ar polarized light, a linear polarized launch must be aligned with one of the axes, commonly the slow axis. Standard singlemode fibers, widely used in telecommunication networks, are lightly birefringent due to an almost circularly symmetric, effective refractive index. This mild birefringence in si
40、nglemode fiber leads to polarization mode dispersion. PMF has zero polarization mode dispersion. A common application of PMF is to interconnect a distributed feedback (DFB) laser diode and a lithium-niobate modulator in a high-speed telecommunications system. The PMF transports a controlled polariza
41、tion launch from the DFB laser into the polarization-sensitive lithium-niobate modulator. Polarizing Fiber (PZF) A special type of Polarization Maintaining Fiber (PMF) which functions equivalently to a bulk/sheet polarizer. Optical power in the fast axis propagates below its cut-off wavelength (per
42、ANSI/TIA-EIA-455-80). Optical power in the slow axis propagates with standard low loss. Any optical power launched or coupled into the fast axis is rapidly attenuated. The effect is that a PZF acts as a polarizer, with linear polarized light emerging from the fibers slow axis regardless of the polar
43、ization launch state. A minimum of 3 3TSB-130 meters is recommended to ensure attenuation of the optical power in the fast axis. Check with the fiber manufacturer for more details. Principal Optical Axes The principal optical axes are those axes for which the index of refraction, hence the speed of
44、light, in a linearly birefringent material is a maximum or a minimum. These axes in PMF are named the fast and slow axes. Slow Axis The optical axis of PMF/PZF which has a higher effective refractive index. It coincides with the axis of the stress-applying field, such as the stress rods in PANDA or
45、Bow-Tie fiber, the stress region in Oval Stress Region fiber, or the major axis of an Oval Core fiber. See Figure 1. Panda Bow Tie OvalCoreOval Stress Region Slow axis (Aligned With Connector Key) Fast Axis Figure 1. Types of Polarization Maintaining Fiber 4TSB-130 _ 2. Normative references _ The fo
46、llowing standards contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Standard are encouraged to investigate th
47、e possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. ANSI and TIA maintain registers of currently valid national standards published by them. ANSI/TIA/EIA 440-A Fiber Optic Terminology ANSI/TIA/EIA 455-A Standard Test Procedure for Fiber Optic Fibers, Cables, Transducers, Sensors, Connecting and Terminating Devices, and Other Fiber Optic Components ANSI/TIA/EIA 455-80 FOTP-80, Cut-off Wavelength Measurement Procedure ANSI/TIA/EIA 455-193 FOTP-193, Polarization Cross
