1、 TIA STANDARD Examinations and measurements- Polish angle and fiber position on single ferrule multifiber connectors TIA-455-219-A December 2008 TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating mis
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22、 A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF THE USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. TIA/EIA-455-219AiFOTP-219AExaminations and measurements Polish angle and fiber position on single ferrule multifiber connectors CONTENTS1 Scope 12 Normative references
23、. 13 General description 14 Apparatus 15 Procedure 36 Details to be specified 8Table 1 - Ferrule measurement areas. 9Table 2 - Multimode core dip areas 9Annex A - Formula for calculating end face geometry (Informative) . 10Annex B - Surface angle sign convention (Normative). 11Annex C - Fiber counti
24、ng convention (Normative) . 12Annex D - Co-planarity and Fiber Plane Angle Determination (Normative). 13TIA/EIA-455-219AiiThis page left blank. TIA/EIA-455-219AiiiFOTP-219AExaminations and measurements Polish angle and fiber position on single ferrule multifiber connectors Foreword (This Foreword is
25、 informative only and is not part of this Standard.) From TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) Project No. 3-0002, formulated under the cognizance of TIA TR42, Committee on Fiber Optics, TR42-13, Passive Optical Devices and Components; and TR42-13.2, Working Group on Interconnecting Devices
26、 This FOTP is part of the series of test procedures included within Recommended Standard TIA/EIA-455A. There are 5 annexes, 2 normative and 3 informative.Key words: interconnecting devices, fiber connector, optical connectors, interferometric equipment, connector housing. TIA/EIA-455-219AivThis page
27、 left blank.TIA/EIA-455-219A1FIBER OPTIC INTERCONNECTING DEVICESAND PASSIVE COMPONENTS BASIC TEST AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES Examinations and measurements Polish angle and fiber position on single ferrule multifiber connectors 1 Scope The purpose of the procedure is to assess end face geometry in gu
28、ide pin based multifiber ferrules and connectors. The primary attributes are fiber position relative to the end face, either undercut or protrusion, end face angle relative to the guide pin bores, and core dip for multimode fibers. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indisp
29、ensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. 3 General description Guide pin based multifiber connectors typically have a rectangular end f
30、ace with a long axis and a short axis. Ideally a flat polish is desired on the end face with the fibers protruding slightly and all in the same plane to assure physical contact of the fiber cores when two connectors are intermated. In practice, the end face typically has two different curvatures acr
31、oss the surface along the long and short axis. Since mated ferrules are aligned by pins in the guide holes, the end face of the ferrule must be properly oriented (X and Y angle) with respect to the guide holes to achieve positive contact. The end face angle in the X-axis and the end face angle in th
32、e Y-axis are measured by finding the best fit plane based on a percentage of the highest points in a specified region of interest. The highest points typically show the greatest modulation from an interferometric standpoint. This allows for more robust measurements and greater repeatability between
33、different interferometers.The angle of the best fit plane is calculated by comparing it to the reference plane which is perpendicular to the axis of each guide hole. The fiber protrusion, (+p), or undercut, (-p), of the fibers is a planar height defined as the distance between the fiber end face and
34、 the best fit planar surface previously described. Core dip is specific to multimode fibers because the large core is softer than the edge of the fiber and tends to polish away faster. Core dip is calculated by subtracting the average height of the core area from the average height of an annular are
35、a near the edge of the fiber.One method is described for this procedure-Analysing the endface with a three-dimensional interferometry type surface analyser. 4 Apparatus Three-dimensional surface analysis by an interferometer system The apparatus shown in figure 1 consists of a suitable ferrule holde
36、r, a positioning stage and a three-dimensional interferometry analyzer capable of analyzing rough surfaces and step heights. TIA/EIA-455-219A4.1 Ferrule holder The ferrule holder is a suitable device to hold the ferrule in a fixed position, either vertical or horizontal, or in a tilted position in t
37、he case of an angled ferrule type. Some method must be used to reference the axis of each guide hole and the average perpendicular angle to them, which shall be considered the ideal end face angle. This will typically entail the use of guide pins inserted into the guide holes or similar devices to t
38、ransfer the axis of each guide hole to a measurable surface angle. 4.2 Positioning stage The ferrule holder is fixed to the positioning stage, which shall enable the ferrule holder to be moved to the appropriate position. The stage shall have enough rigidity so as to allow measurement of the ferrule
39、 end face with the required accuracy. 4.3 Three-dimensional interferometry The three-dimensional interferometry analyzer shall have the ability to measure the fiber heights on the ferrule end face with an accuracy of better than 50 nm. The analyzer shall consist of a microscope unit, a surface data
40、processing unit, and a monitor. The microscope unit shall consist of an interference microscope, a phase shift actuator, image detector and a frame grabber. The interference microscope equipped with an objective is arranged so as to view the end face of the ferrule.The surface data processing unit s
41、hall be able to process the surface height information so as to measure the radius of curvature in the x and y axis, the angle of the end face in the x and y axis and measure the protrusion or undercut of the fibers from the best fit planar surface. A flatness deviation shall be calculated to determ
42、ine if the connector has too great a curvature to consider the surface a plane. Figure 1 The monitor shall display the measured and calculated surface profiles along each axis. 2TIA/EIA-455-219A5 Procedure 5.1 Measurement regions The following regions shall be defined on the ferrule end face for the
43、 measurement: a) Region Of Interest (ROI): The ROI is set on the ferrule surface and defined by a rectangular region having a long axis (X axis) of length, L, and a short axis (Y axis) of height, H; The region of interest is chosen to cover the intended contact zone of the ferrule end face when the
44、ferrules are mated. The region of interest shall be centered on the fiber array. (See Figure 2) Refer to table 1 for measurement areas to be used for different connectors. b) Extracting Regions: The extracting regions, which include the fiber end face regions and the associated adhesive regions, are
45、 defined by circles having a diameter E, centered on each fiber. c) Fitting Region: The fitting region is the region of interest excluding the extracting regions and is the data set used in making calculations for the ferrule surface. It is assumed that the surface points on the ferrule outside the
46、fitting region will be lower than the surface points inside the fitting region.d) Averaging Region: The averaging region is set on the fiber surface to be used to calculate the fiber height, and is defined by a circle having a diameter F. The averaging region is different for single mode (SM) fibers
47、 and multimode (MM) fibers.e) Core dip determination: to assess core dip in MM fibers, two averaging regions are used. The first is the Core Fitting Region with a diameter Dcore. The second region is an Annular Area bound by a maximum annular ring of diameter Dmaxand a minimum annular ring of Dmin.
48、(See figure 3) Refer to table 2 for measurement areas. Figure 2 - Measurement regions on ferrule3TIA/EIA-455-219AFigure 3 - Multimode Fiber Core Dip Regions 4TIA/EIA-455-219A5.2 Method for Analysis 5.2.1 Affix the ferrule in the ferrule holder so that the end face is held sufficiently steady with re
49、spect to the interferometer.5.2.2 Focus the microscope and/or the sample until the fringes are in position to scan the surface.5.2.3 Map the surface of the ferrule. To create data set “A”, use only the pixels contained within the ROI.5.2.4 Create data set “B” by removing the extraction regions around the fibers. 5.2.5 Create surface “C” by fitting a biparabolic curve to data set “B”. (See Annex A for a suggested curve fitting routine.) 5.2.6 Create data set “D” by subtracting surface “C” from data set “B”. 5.2.7 Create data set “E” by removing the highest 3% of a
