2019版高中化学第三章烃的含氧衍生物第1节醇酚第2课时课堂达标验收新人教版选修5.doc

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1、1第三章 第一节 醇酚第 2 课时1(2017四川成都期末)欲除去混在苯中的少量苯酚,下列实验方法正确的是( B )A分液B加入氢氧化钠溶液后,充分振荡,静置后分液C加入过量溴水,过滤D加入 FeCl3溶液后,过滤解析:A 项,苯酚溶于苯,不能用分液法分离,错误;B 项,加入氢氧化钠溶液后苯酚转化为可溶性的苯酚钠,正确;C 项,生成的三溴苯酚溶于苯,不能用过滤法分离,错误;D 项,苯酚与三氯化铁不生成沉淀,不能用过滤法分离。2漆酚 是我国特产漆的主要成分,其中C 15H27为不饱和链烃基,则漆酚不应具有的化学性质是( C )A可以跟 FeCl3溶液发生显色反应B可以使酸性 KMnO4溶液褪色C

2、可以跟 Na2CO3溶液反应放出 CO2D可以跟溴水发生取代反应和加成反应3(2017衡水高二检测)苯酚和苯甲醇共同的化学性质是( B )A酸性 B与钠反应放出氢气C遇 FeCl3溶液显紫色 D与 NaOH 溶液反应4(河北邢台一中 20172018 学年高二上学期第三次月考,24)在下列反应中,既不能说明苯酚分子中羟基受苯环影响而使它比乙醇分子中羟基更活泼,也不能说明由于羟基对苯环的影响而使苯酚中苯环比苯更活泼的是( A )2D n nHCHO nH2O 催 化 剂 解析: A钠是活泼的金属,与羟基反应生成氢气,而乙醇也能与金属钠反应,所以不能说明二者活泼性,A 符合题意;B酚羟基能与氢氧化钠反应,说明羟基受苯环的影响而变得活泼,乙醇与氢氧化钠不反应,B 不符合题意;C反应中苯环上的 H 被取代,说明羟基影响苯环,导致苯环上邻位和对位变得活泼,苯环上的 H 活泼,C 不符合题意;D该反应是羟基邻位的氢原子参与,说明受羟基的影响苯环上邻位变得活泼,而苯环上的 H 活泼,D 不符合题意,答案选 A。

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