1、12019人教高考英语一轮题型组合练题（3）李仕才一、阅读理解。AFriendship is one of the basic bonds between human beings. While the characteristics of friendship might vary from one country to another, people from all cultures not only enjoy friends but need them.Many studies have shown that teenagers who have no friends often s
2、uffer from psychological disorders. It has been shown that teenagers, perhaps more than any other age group, need companionship and a sense of belonging. The negative consequences of loneliness have also been observed among the elderly. The death of a spouse often leaves a widow or a widower totally
3、 bereft. If, however, they are surrounded by friends and relatives and if they are able to express their feelings, they are more likely to recover from their grief.“No man is an island.” In other words, we are all parts of society. We all need the love, admiration, respect and moral support of other
4、 people. If we are fortunate, our friends will provide us with all of these necessary aspects of life.As most people observe, there are many levels of friendship. The degree or intensity of friendship varies depending on the personality of the individuals involved and the context of the relationship
5、s. Outgoing persons enjoy being surrounded by many people whereas shy persons are perhaps content with fewer but more intense friendships.Everyone is not equally open with all their friends. The degree of closeness is determined by many factors. Close friends can be formed at any stage in ones life
6、but they are usually very rare. Not very many people have more than a few really close friends. Regardless of the level of closeness, all friendships are based on reciprocity (互惠), honesty and a certain amount of love and affection.1.Who are more likely to suffer from psychological disorders without
7、 friends?A. Teenagers. B. Adults.2C. The elderly. D.A couple.2.What does the sentence “No man is an island” really mean?A. No man is willing to live on an island.B. Man usually doesnt go to an islandC. Everyone is related with our society.D. Our society is just like an island.3.What can we learn abo
8、ut outgoing people?A. They like being alone.B. They are fond of making friends.C. They have intense friendships.D. They have fewer close friends indeed4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A. The formation of close friends.B. The number of real friends.C. Honesty, love and affection.D. Fa
9、ctors to determine the degree of closeness.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论讲述的是友谊的重要性。不论是青少年还是老年人，都需要朋友的陪伴。没有人是孤立的，每个人都是社会的一部分，都需要他人的爱、陪伴和关心。人人需要友谊，需要归属感。1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Many studies have shown that teenagers who have no friends often suffer from psychological disorders.”可知，没有朋友的青少年更可能遭受精神疾病。故选 A。3.B 【解析】细
10、节理解题。根据倒数第二段尾句“Outgoing persons enjoy being surrounded by many people whereas shy persons are perhaps content with fewer but more intense friendships.”可在，外向的人喜欢交朋友。故选 B。4.D 【解析】段落大意题。通读最后一段可知，本段讲述亲密程度是由许多因素决定的，不管亲密程度如何，友谊都是建立在互惠，真诚，爱和情感的基础上的。3BAccording to a team of researchers, an animals ability t
11、o perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures， ” commented the lead author Kevin Healy from T
12、rinity College Dublin.The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.One example of this phenomenon a
13、t work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the re
14、search project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly. Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies migh
15、t not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly.”In comparison, the tiger beetle(虎甲虫) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to reevaluate its preys(猎物) position.Our results suggest that time perception offers an
16、as yet unstudied dimension in which animals can specialize and there is a considerable range to study this system in more detail.【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现，动物感知时间的能力和它们的生4活节奏有关，对于快速移动的动物来说，在短时间内感知时间的能力决定着它们的生死。文章列举了家蝇、狗和虎甲虫等动物，证明了动物感知时间的能力的重要性。1What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about?
17、APace of life of animals.BTime perception of animals.CLifetime of small animals.DImpressive abilities of animals.B 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知， “According to a team of researchers, an animals ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.”为本文的主题句；结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现：动物感知时间的能力和它们的生活节奏有关，故 B项正确。
18、2What does Kevin Healys comment mean in Para. 2?AThe ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.BThe survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.CAnimals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.DAnimals with poor ability of ti
19、me perception have a shorter life.B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段 Kevin Healy所说的话可知，Kevin Healy 认为，对于快速移动的动物来说在短时间内感知时间的能力决定着它们的生死；据此可知，该句是说快速移动的动物的生存依赖于它们对时间的感知能力，故 B项正确。3Why can houseflies avoid being hit?AThey can think very deeply before they act.BThey can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.CThey can
20、process information as quickly as they receive it.DThey can send information to the brain more quickly than to their eyes.C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.”可知，家蝇能比我们在更短的时间内感知到物体的运动，这是它们得以避免
21、被拍死的原因，故 C项正确。54What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey?ATry to run as fast as it can.BPrevent itself from becoming blind.CSlow down to gain its time perception.DStop occasionally to spot the prey again.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段可知，虎甲虫虽然奔跑的速度快，但是视力跟不上奔跑的速度，需要偶尔停下来重新确定猎物的位置，故 D项正确。二、七选五。By 2
22、025，water shortage will be a big problem for about 1.8 billion people.In a world where water resource is increasingly short，nations cannot afford to waste it._1_After we use water in our homes and businesses，it is washed away，and takes many valuable resources with it.Waste water is rich in carbon an
23、d nutrients._2_ A number of nations and major cities have already built waste water treatment plants.They can effectively recover nutrients and bioenergy，and produce “new water” that can be reused.But more than 80% of all waste water still currently flows into natural ecosystems，polluting the enviro
24、nment and taking valuable nutrients and other recoverable materials with it._3_ This is still better than the situation in smaller cities.In Latin American countries，those living in small and mediumsized cities at most treat it in the form of septic tanks (化粪池)that lack regular and proper maintenanc
25、e.Imagine that outside one of these small cities lies a lovely piece of land：on the surface it is pleasingly built and provides habitats for local wildlife.Beneath the surface is a wetland that treats waste water and produces energy.The energy produced saves families from having to use firewood coll
26、ected in the wild.This is not a dream project._4_ A team of scientists have been looking into the potential of constructed wetland environments.Having analyzed 800 examples of biomass in more than 20 countries，they found that，depending on climate and the type of plant used in the construction of thi
27、s type of wetland，up to 45 hectares of land could be irrigated with waste water._5_ABut that is exactly what we do.BThis can provide easy access to clean water.CThere is no longer any good reason to waste any type of water.DA constructed wetland environment is already in practice on a small 6scale.E
28、This would reduce the need for fresh water for irrigation and energy for pumping.FIf collected and treated properly，it could provide “new water” ，fertilizer，and energy.GAlthough waste water systems in large cities are effective，the whole procedure usually costs much.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了当前世界水资源的现状以及有
29、效利用水资源的方法。1A 上文说在水资源短缺的大环境下，很多国家不能承担浪费(的后果)，下文说我们用完水后，就直接把水冲走。根据上下文可知，A 项“但是那正是我们所做的”与此处匹配，起承上启下作用，故选 A。2F 上文说废水富含碳元素和养分，而 F项说如果收集和处理得当，它就能提供“新的水” 、肥料和能量，前后形成语义上的衔接，故选 F。3G 下文讲述的是拉丁美洲的中小城市的废水处理系统缺乏常规和合适的维护，而G项提到大城市的废水处理系统有效但成本高，与本段内容吻合，故选 G。4D 上文提到在这些小城市建造湿地环境的设想，下文提到已经有科学家在研究建造的湿地环境的潜力了，由此可知，D 项“建造
30、的湿地环境已经在小范围的实践中了”符合语境。5E 上文讲述的是这种解决方案的另一种好处是人们可以用废水灌溉农田，而 E说这可以减少用淡水灌溉的需求及抽水所需的能量，前后语义衔接，故选 E。三、短文改错。How time flies! I had hardly had time to enjoy the warmth of my home while its time go back to school.This winter I spend ten days studying maths，chemistry and physics，none of which was easily for me
31、.And I still had some fun during the Spring Festival.I had attended my uncles wedding and my new aunt was very beautiful.To my disappoint，I didnt get many lucky money as I had expected.I also went to the cinema with several classmates.We played jokes on each other and had a big meal in a restaurant
32、calling “Red Lobster”The food there was very delicious and we all really enjoyed myself.【答案】 How time flies! I had hardly had time to enjoy the warmth of my home whilewhen7its time go back to school.This winter I ten days studying to spendspentmaths，chemistry and physics，none of which was for me.eas
33、ilyeasyI still had some fun during the Spring Festival.I attended my uncles AndBut hadwedding and my new aunt was very beautiful.To my ，I didnt get disappointdisappointmentlucky money as I had expected.I also went to the cinema with several manymuchclassmates.We played jokes on each other and had a
34、big meal in a restaurant “Red Lobster”The food there was very delicious and we all really callingcalledenjoyed .myselfourselves四。书面表达。读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Christmas Day was coming. I was just a kid then, and my big sister told me there was no Santa Claus. I fled to my Grandma because sh
35、e would be straight with me. I knew Grandma always told me the truth. Grandma was home, and I told her everything. She was ready for me. No Santa Claus ! She shouted. Ridiculous! Dont believe it. That rumor has been going around for years, and it makes me mad, plain mad.Now, put on your coat, and le
36、ts go.Go where, Grandma? I asked. Where turned out to be Kerbys General Store, the one store in town that had a little bit of just about everything. As we walked through its doors, Grandma handed me ten dollars. Take this money, she said, and buy something for someone who needs it. Ill wait for you
37、in the car. Then she turned and walked out of Kerbys.I was only eight years old. Id often gone shopping with my mother, but never had I shopped for anything all by myself. The store seemed big and crowded, full of people competing to finish their Christmas shopping. For a few moments 8I just stood t
38、here, confused, holding that ten-dollar bill, wondering what to buy and who to buy it for. I suddenly thought of Bobby Decker, who was a kid with bad breath and messy hair. He sat right behind me in Mrs Pollocks grade-two class. Bobby Decker didnt have a coat. I knew that because he never went out f
39、or recess(放假) during the winter. His mother always wrote a note, telling the teacher that he had a cough, but we kids knew that Bobby Decker didnt have a cough, and he didnt have a coat. I would buy Bobby Decker a coat! I settled on a red one, which looked really warm, and he would like that.Is this
40、 a Christmas present for someone? the lady behind the counter asked kindly, as I laid my ten dollars down. Yes.The nice lady smiled at me, put the coat in a bag and wished me a Merry Christmas.注意：所续写短文的词数应为 150词左右；应使用 5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词；续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1:That even
41、ing, Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper._ Paragraph 2:Grandma and I waited breathlessly for Bobby Deckers front door to open and finally it_9_ 【参考范文】Paragraph 1:That evening, Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper. She wrote To Bobby, From Santa Claus on it, after which s
42、he drove me over to Bobby Deckers house, explaining I was officially one of Santas helpers. Grandma parked down the street form Bobbys house, and I took a deep breath, and dashed for his front door. Seeing no other people notice us, I put the Christmas present down, pounded his doorbell and then Gra
43、ndma and I hid in the car.Paragraph 2:Grandma and I waited breathlessly for Bobby Deckers front door to open and finallyit opened. Out went Bobby Decker. Seeing the coat in the bag, he looked very astonished and then called his mother to go out. After hearing them say Thanks to Santa Claus, I felt very proud of what I had done. At that time I decided to be Santas helper forever. It was on that night that I realized the truth that he who has no Christmas in his heart will never find Christmas under a tree.
