四川省成都市高中数学第一章集合与函数第11课时函数的最值同步练习新人教A版必修1.doc

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1、- 1 -第 11课时 函数的最大(小)值基础达标(水平一)1.下列四个函数: y= 3-x;y= ;y=x 2+2x-10;y=- .其中值域为 R的函数个数为( ).12+1 2A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4【解析】 y= 3-x是一次函数, 其值域为 R;x 2+11, 00时,最大值为 4a-b,最小值为 2a-b,差为 2a,得 a=1;当 a0时, f(x)max=f(2)=4k+4k+3=6,解得 k= ;当 k1,x21,x 1-10,x2-10, (x1-1)(x2-1)0,x 10,f (x1)-f(x2)0,f (x1)f(x2),f (x)在(1, + )上是减函数 .

2、(2) 3,5(1,+ ),f (x)在3,5上是减函数,f (x)max=f(3)=2,f(x)min=f(5)= .32拓展提升(水平二)8.已知函数 y=x2-2x+3在闭区间0, m上有最大值 3,最小值 2,则实数 m的取值范围是( ).A.1,+ ) B.0,2 C.(- ,2 D.1,2【解析】 f(x)=(x-1)2+2,f (x)min=2,f(x)max=3,且 f(1)=2,f(0)=f(2)=3, 1 m2,故选D.【答案】D9.已知函数 f(x)=x2-x+a-1的图象与 x轴至多有一个交点,则实数 a的取值范围是( ).A. B.(-,54) (-,54C. D.(

3、54,+) 54,+)【解析】由题意知函数 f(x)=x2-x+a-1的最小值大于或等于 0.而 f(x)= +a- ,故 f(x)(-12)2 54min=a- ,a- 0,即 a .故选 D.54 54 54【答案】D- 3 -10.函数 f(x)= (x2)的最大值为 . -1【解析】 f (x)= = =1+ ,-1-1+1-1 1-1f (x)= 在2, + )上是减函数 ,-1f (x)= 在2, + )的最大值是 f(2)= =2.-1 22-1【答案】211.已知 A,B两城相距 100 km,在两城之间距 A城 x km处 C地建一核电站给 A,B两城供电,为保证城市安全,核

4、电站距两城距离都不得小于 10 km.已知供电费用为供电距离的平方与供电量之积的 0.3.若 A城供电量为 20亿度 /月, B城为 10亿度 /月 .(1)把月供电总费用 y表示成 x的函数 .(2)核电站建在距 A城多远处,才能使月供电总费用最少?【解析】(1)由 x10 且 100-x10 得 10 x90 .A 城月供电费用为 0.320x2=6x2,B城月供电费用为 0.310(100-x)2=3(100-x)2, 总费用 y=6x2+3(100-x)2=9x2-600x+30000(10 x90) .(2)y= 9x2-600x+30000=9 +20000,(-1003)2 当 x= 时, y取得最小值 .1003故当核电站建在距 A城 km时,才能使月供电总费用最少 .1003

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