四川省成都市高中数学第三章直线的方程第7课时距离公式同步练习新人教A版必修2.doc

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1、1第 7 课时 距离公式基础达标(水平一 )1.若两条平行直线分别经过点 A(3,0),B(0,4),则它们之间的距离 d 满足的条件是( ).A.00,a-b0.由原点到该直线的距离为 1,得 =1,求得 b= (b=- 舍去),故所求直线 l 的方程为 x+y-|0+0-|12+12 2 2=0.2【答案】A10.已知 l1,l2是分别经过点 A(1,1),B(0,-1)的两条平行直线,则当 l1与 l2之间的距离最大时,直线 l1的方程是 . 3【解析】当直线 AB 与 l1,l2均垂直时, l1与 l2之间的距离最大 .A (1,1),B(0,-1),k AB= =2,-1-10-1

2、 .112 直线 l1的方程为 y-1=- (x-1),12即 x+2y-3=0.【答案】 x+2y-3=011.已知定点 P(1,2)和直线 l:(1+3 )x+(1+2 )y-(2+5 )=0, R .求证:不论 取何值时,点 P 到直线l 的距离不大于 1.【解析】(法一)由点到直线的距离得 P(1,2)到直线 l 的距离 d=|(1+3)1+(1+2)2-(2+5)|(1+3)2+(1+2)2= .|1+2|132+10+2整理得(13 d2-4) 2+(10d2-4)+ 2d2-1=0. R,= (10d2-4)2-4(13d2-4)(2d2-1)0,解得 0 d1 .故结论成立 .(法二)由已知 l 的方程得 x+y-2+ (3x+2y-5)=0.由 解得+-2=0,3+2-5=0, =1,=1, 直线 l 过定点 M(1,1).又 PM= =1,(1-1)2+(2-1)2当且仅当 l 为过点 M 且与 PM 垂直的直线时才能使 P 到 l 的距离最大,故 0 d1 .

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