IEC 60151-19-1969 Measurements of the electrical properties of electronic tubes Part 19 Methods of measurement on corona stabilizers《电子管电性能的测量 第19部分 电晕稳压管的测量方法》.pdf

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1、NORME CE1 INTERNATIONALE IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 601 51 -1 9 Premire dition First edition 1969-01 Mesures des caractristiques lectriques des tubes lectroniques Partie 19: Mthodes de mesure des stabilisateurs effluves Measurements of the electrical properties of electronic tubes and valves Part 19

2、: Methods of measurement on corona stabilizers Numro de rfrence Reference number CEI/IEC 60151-19: I969 Numros des publications Depuis le ler janvier 1997, les publications de la CE1 sont numrotes partir de 60000. Publications consolides Les versions consolides de certaines publications de la CE1 in

3、corporant les amendements sont disponibles. Par exemple, les numros ddition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 indiquent respectivement la publication de base, la publication de base incorporant lamendement 1, et la publication de base incorporant les amendements 1 et 2. Validit de la prsente publication Le contenu te

4、chnique des publications de la CE1 est constamment revu par la CE1 afin quil reflte ltat actuel de la technique. Des renseignements relatifs la date de reconfir- mation de la publication sont disponibles dans le Catalogue de la CEI. Les renseignements relatifs des questions ltude et des travaux en c

5、ours entrepris par le comit technique qui a tabli cette publication, ainsi que la liste des publications tablies, se trouvent dans les documents ci- dessous: Cite web de la CEI* Catalogue des publications de la CE1 Publi annuellement et mis jour rgulirement (Catalogue en ligne)* Bulletin de la CE1 D

6、isponible la fois au , de la CE* et comme priodique imprim Terminologie, symboles graphiques et littraux En ce qui concerne la terminologie gnrale, le lecteur se reportera la CE1 60050: Vocabulaire Electro- technique International (VEI). Pour les symboles graphiques, les symboles littraux et les sig

7、nes dusage gnral approuvs par la CEI, le lecteur consultera la CE1 60027: Symboles littraux a utiliser en lectrotechnique, la CE1 6041 7: Symboles graphiques utilisables sur le matriel. Index, relev et compilation des feuilles individuelles, et la CE1 60617: Symboles graphiques pour schmas. * Voir a

8、dresse 4te web, sur la page de titre. Numbering As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the 60000 series. Consolidated publications Consolidated versions of some IEC publications including amendments are available. For example, edition numbers 1 .O, 1.1 and 1.2 r

9、efer, respectively, to the base publication, the base publication incor- porating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating amendments 1 and 2. Validity of this publication The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC, thus ensuring that the content ref

10、lects current technology. Information relating to the date of the reconfirmation of the publication is available in the IEC catalogue. Information on the subjects under consideration and work in progress undertaken by the technical committee which has prepared this publication, as well as the list o

11、f publications issued, is to be found at the following IEC sources: IEC web site* Catalogue of IEC publications Published yearly with regular updates (On-line catalogue)* IEC Bulletin Available both at the IEC web site* and as a printed periodical Terminology, graphical and letter symbols For genera

12、l terminology, readers are referred to I EC 60050: International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV). For graphical symbols, and letter symbols and signs approved by the IEC for general use, readers are referred to publications IEC 60027: Letter symbols to be used in electrical technology, I EC 6041 7

13、: Graphical symbols for use on equipment. Index, survey and compilation of the single sheets and IEC 60617: Graphical symbols for diagrams. * See web site address on title page. NORME INTERNATIONALE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD CE1 IEC 601 51 =I9 Premire dition First edition 1969-01 Mes u res des caractri

14、st iq ues lect riq ues des tubes lectroniques Partie 19: Mthodes de mesure des stabilisateurs effluves Measurements of the electrical properties of electronic tubes and valves Part 19: Methods of measurement on corona stabilizers O IEC 1969 Droits de reproduction rservs -Copyright - all rights reser

15、ved Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, procd, lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photo- including photocop

16、ying and microfilm. without permission in copie et les microfilms, sans raccord crit de lditeur. writing from the publisher. International Electrotechnical Commission Telefax: +41 22 919 0300 3, rue de Varemb Geneva, Switzerland IEC web site http: /www.iec.ch e-mail: inmailiec.ch J CODE PRIX Commiss

17、ion Electrotechnique Internationale PRICE CODE International Electrotechnical Commission MemnyHapontian 3nenporexwca HOMHCCHR O Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur For price, see current catalogue -2- SOMMAIRE Pages PREAMBULE . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18、 . 4 PREFACE . 4 Articles 1. Domaine dapplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2. Thorie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3. Dfinitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4. Mthodes

19、 de mesure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5. Prcautions gnrales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 -3- CONTENTS FOREWORD . PREFACE Clause 1 . Scope . 2 . Theory 3 . Definitions 4 . Measuring methods 5 . General precautions . Page 5 5 7

20、7 9 11 17 -5- INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION MEASUREMENTS OF THE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF ELECTRONIC TUBES AND VALVES Part 19 : Methods of measurement on corona stabilizers FOREWORD I) The formal decisions or agreements of the I EC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on

21、 which all the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an international Consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with. 2) They have the form of recommendations for international use and they are accepted by the National Committees in t

22、hat 3) In order to promote this international unification, the IEC expresses the wish that all National Committees having as yet no national rules, when preparing such rules, should use the I EC recommendations as the fundamental basis for these rules in so far as national conditions will permit. 4)

23、 The desirability is recognized of extending international agreement on these matters through an endeavour to harmonize national standardization rules with these recommendations in so far as national conditions will permit. The National Committees pledge their influence towards that end. sense. PREF

24、ACE This Recommendation has been prepared by IEC Technical Committee No. 39, Electronic Tubes and Valves. It forms one of a series dealing with the measurements of the electrical properties of electronic tubes and valves. Reference should be made to the current catalogue of IEC Publications for info

25、rmation on the other parts of the series. The first draft for methods of measurement on corona stabilizers was discussed at a meeting held in Tokyo in 1965, as a result of which a revised draft was submitted to the National Committees for approval under the Six Months Rule in January 1967. The follo

26、wing countries voted explicitly in favour of publication of Part 19: Australia Belgium Czechoslovakia Denmark Finland France Germany Israel Italy Japan Romania Sweden Switzerland Turkey Union of Soviet Socialist United Kingdom United States of America Republics -6- MESURES DES CARACTRISTIQUES LECTRI

27、QUES DES TUBES LECTRONIQUES Dix-neuvime partie: Mthodes de mesure des stabilisateurs effluves 1. Domaine dapplication Cette recommandation est fonde sur la pratique courante des mesures de stabilisateurs effluves. Elle ne doit pas tre considre comme une recommandation prise au sens de norme, car une

28、 description plus dtaille des mthodes de mesures est ncessaire si lon veut que les rsul- tats des mesures bases sur ces principes soient comparables dans des tolrances dfinies. 2. Thorie Une dcharge de type effluve se produit entre les lectrodes dun tube gaz lorsquune de celles-ci a une forme telle

29、quun champ lectrique lev est concentr au voisinage de sa surface. Lorsque la diffrence de potentiel entre les lectrodes est suffisante, les lectrons parasites prsents dans la rgion champ lectrique lev acquirent suffisamment dnergie entre les colli- sions avec les atomes de gaz neutre pour les ionise

30、r, ce qui libre dautres lectrons et des ions positifs. Ce processus continue, crant une avalanche de particules charges, les lectrons se dpla- ant vers llectrode positive et les ions positifs se dplaant vers llectrode ngative. Cette dcharge en avalanche se produit sur toute la surface dlectrode o le

31、 champ lectrique lev existe. En plus de lionisation par collision, certains des lectrons excitent les molcules de gaz, qui retournent ensuite leur tat normal en librant de lnergie sous forme de rayonnement lectromagntique, dont une partie sous forme de lumire visible. 11 apparat ainsi une faible lue

32、ur au voisinage de liectrode o le champ lectrique lev est concentr. Dans un tube stabi- lisateur effluves cette lectrode est gnralement lanode. Les ions positifs librs prs de lanode sloignent de la dcharge et se dplacent relativement lentement vers la cathode o ils sont recueillis. Ce nuage dions po

33、sitifs cre une charge despace qui constitue limpdance anodique du dispositif. Lorsquon augmente le courant dans le tube, la partie extrieure de la dcharge ionise se dplace vers la cathode et limpdance effective de la charge despace due aux ions diminue. Lorsque cette impdance tend vers zro, la dchar

34、ge devient plus lumineuse, avec une chute de tension infrieure celle quelle avait dans les conditions deffluves. Dans quelques stabilisateurs effluves, en particulier les types haute tension, avant que ce changement ne se produise, de petites drivations se propageant par photoionisation se sparent d

35、e la dcharge, allant vers la cathode. Lorsquune de ces drivations atteint la cathode, la dcharge cesse et le courant se concentre dans la drivation, ce qui entrane une brusque diminution de la chute de tension. Le courant stable maximal de la dcharge par effluves est limit par lapparition de lun de

36、ces effets. -7- MEASUREMENT OF THE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF ELECTRONIC TUBES AND VALVES Part 19 : Methods of measurement on corona stbilizers 1. Scope This Recommendation is based on current practice on the measurement of corona stabilizers. It should not be regarded as a Recommendation in the sense

37、 of a standard, because a more detailed description of the measuring methods is needed if measuring results on the basis of these principles have to be comparable within definite tolerances. 2. Theory A corona type discharge takes place between electrodes of a gas-filled tube when one of them is sha

38、ped so that a high electric field is concentrated near its surface. If there is a sufficient potential difference between the electrodes, stray electrons present in the high electric field region acquire sufficient energy between collisions with neutral gas atoms to ionize them, releasing further el

39、ectrons and positive ions. This process continues, building up an avalanche of charged particles, the electrons moving towards the positive electrode and the positive ions moving towards the negative electrode. This avalanche discharge occurs over the whole of the electrode surface where the high el

40、ectric field exists. In addition to ionization by collision, some of the electrons excite the gas molecules, which subsequently return to their normal state by releasing energy in the form of electromagnetic radia- tion, some of which is visible light. There is thus a faint glow adjacent to the elec

41、trode where the high electric field is concentrated, In a corona stabilizer tube, this electrode is usually the anode. The positive ions released near the anode escape from the discharge and drift relatively slowly towards the cathode, where they are collected. This cloud of positive ions forms a sp

42、ace charge which constitutes the anode impedance of the device. As the current through the tube is increased, the outer part of the ionized discharge moves towards the cathode and the effective impedance of the ion space charge falls. When the impe- dance finally approaches zero, the discharge chang

43、es to a brighter glow with a voltage drop lower than under the corona condition. In some corona stabilizers, particularly high-voltage types, before this change occurs, small discharge streamers propagated by photo-ionization reach out from the discharge towards the cathode. When one of these stream

44、ers reaches the cathode, the discharge collapses and the current concentrates in the streamer, causing a sudden decrease in voltage drop. The maximum stable current for the corona discharge is limited by the onset of either of these effects. -8- 3. 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.1 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12

45、3.13 Dfinitions EfJluve (VEI-07-13-095) Dcharge lectrique faible luminescence se produisant au voisinage dun conducteur, sans chauffement important de celui-ci, et nintressant que ia portion de lespace dans laquelle le champ lectrique dpasse une certaine valeur. Nore. - Dans un tube stabilisateur ef

46、fluves, ceci se produit gnralement dans une rgion haute tension et faible courant (de lordre du microampere) entre deux lectrodes non chauffes se trouvant dans un gaz une pression suprieure quelques millimtres de mercure. Stabilisateur efluves stabiliser la tension. Courant stable minimal Tube gaz f

47、aible courant utilisant les proprits de la dcharge par effluves et destin Le plus faible courant traversant le stabilisateur effluves, et donnant une dcharge continue. Le plus fort courant traversant le stabilisateur effluves, et pour lequel une dcharge Courant stable maximal stable est obtenue. Cou

48、rant de fuite travers le gaz. Rsistance anodique Valeur du rapport entre (1) une petite variation de la tension de dcharge entre les lectrodes et (2) la variation correspondante de courant qui en rsulte. Note. - La rsistance anodique dpend de la dure de lintervalle entre la variation de courant et la lecture de Impdance anodique tristique reliant la tension anodique au courant anodique. - Bruit phnomne de dcharge. Saut de tension effluves. Reproductibilit de la chute de tension Aptitude dun tube gaz atteindre la mme tension de maintien danode en un temps dtermin aprs le dbut

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