1、 IEEE Std 421.2-2014 (Revision of IEEE Std 421.2-1990) IEEE Guide for Identification, Testing, and Evaluation of the Dynamic Performance of Excitation Control Systems Sponsor Energy Development and Power Generation Committee of the IEEE Power and Energy Society Approved 27 March 2014 IEEE-SA Standar
2、ds Board Abstract: This guide includes criteria, definitions, and test procedures for evaluating the dynamic performance of excitation control systems for synchronous machines as applied by electric utilities. Keywords: Closed-loop performance, dynamic performance, excitation control systems, excita
3、tion system specifications, IEEE Std 421.2, large signal disturbances, model, small signal disturbances, stabilizer, synchronous machine The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2014 by The Institute of Electrical and Electroni
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28、EEE guide was completed, the Identification, Testing, and Evaluation of the Dynamic Performance of Excitation Control Systems Working Group had the following membership: Les Hajagos, Chair Robert Thornton-Jones, Vice-chair J. C. Agee Martin Aten Matthias Baechle Michael Basler Katherine Doyon Markus
29、 Egretzberger Jim Feltes Luc Grin-Lajoie Alexander Glaninger Joe Hurley Kiyong Kim Rudiger Kutzner Leonardo Lima Shawn Patterson Rich Schaefer Uwe Seeger Dinemayer Silva Paul Smulders Jose Taborda The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this guide. Balloters may have vot
30、ed for approval, disapproval, or abstention. William Ackerman J. C. Agee Ali Al Awazi George Bartok Michael Basler Wallace Binder Thomas Blair Steven Brockschink Gustavo Brunello Antonio Cardoso James Case Weijen Chen Tommy Cooper Luis Coronado Matthew Davis James Dymond Ahmed ElSerafi Gary Engmann
31、Robert Fenton Jonathan Gardell J. Travis Griffith Robert Grondin Randall Groves James Gurney Steve Hamilton Ryusuke Hasegawa Michael Henry Gary Heuston David Horvath Dennis Horwitz David Jackson Innocent Kamwa Jim Kulchisky Saumen Kundu Charles Lennon William Lockley Lawrenc Long William Lumpkins Gr
32、eg Luri O. Malik John Martin Omar Mazzoni Mark McGranaghan Nigel Mcquin James Michalec Gary Michel Charles Morse Karl Mortensen Jerry Murphy Michael Newman Nils Nilsson Lorraine Padden Shawn Patterson Iulian Profir Manfred Reimann Frank Rocchio Steven Sano A. Schneider William Terry Malcolm Thaden S
33、 Thamilarasan James Wilson Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. vi When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this guide on 27 March 2014, it had the following membership: John Kulick, Chair Jon Walter Rosdahl, Vice-chair Richard H. Hulett, Past Chair Konstantinos Karachalios, Secretary Peter B
34、alma Farooq Bari Ted Burse Clint Chaplain Stephen Dukes Jean-Philippe Faure Gary Hoffman Michael Janezic Jeffrey Katz Joseph L. Koepfinger* David Law Hung Ling Oleg Logvinov Ted Olsen Glenn Parsons Ron Peterson Adrian Stephens Peter Sutherland Yatin Trivedi Phil Winston Don Wright Yu Yuan *Member Em
35、eritusAlso included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Don Messina, IEEE-SA Content Publishing Malia Zaman IEEE-SA Standards Technical Community Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. vii Introduc
36、tion This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 421.2-2014, IEEE Recommended Practice for Overvoltage and Insulation Coordination of Transmission Systems at 1000 kV AC and Above. This guide presents dynamic performance criteria, definitions, and test objectives for excitation control systems as appli
37、ed by electric utilities. It should be specifically noted that the term excitation control system refers to the entire control system including the synchronous machine and power system as well as the excitation system. The Working Group on Excitation Control System Dynamic Performance of the Excitat
38、ion Systems and Controls Subcommittee of the Energy Development and Power Generation Committee adopted many definitions and performance criteria, which are common to all control systems, and derived others specifically related to excitation control systems. In doing this, the material in IEEE Std 42
39、1.1, IEEE Standard Definitions for Excitation Systems for Synchronous Machines and the now discontinued IEEE Std 100-1988, IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms (ANSI) was heavily used. Efforts were made not to conflict with existing definitions and criteria, but to clarify, s
40、upplement, and more fully define them as related specifically to excitation control systems. Definitions from these standards, which are reproduced in this standard, are included in Clause 3. In preparing this guide, the working group recognized that both factory testing and field testing of excitat
41、ion control systems and some of their components are costly and often impractical. Alternator-rectifier excitation systems in which the terminals of the exciter may not be available may preclude field testing of the exciter separately. Compound source excitation systems whose power is derived from t
42、he generator currents and voltages present special difficulties. Providing a load which reasonably duplicates the generator field characteristics, so that regulation effects and proper waveforms can be adequately simulated, may not be economically justifiable. Field tests on units under normal opera
43、ting conditions are constrained to comply with the operating and security requirements of the power system, which often prohibit large excursions of the excitation control system variables. For many applications, it is necessary to devise practical test procedures for individual components and then
44、by analytical means, to verify the total excitation system performance. The need for models that accurately simulate the operation of excitation control systems during system disturbances demands effective test methods. However, the practical limitations on tests make it difficult to measure the par
45、ameters required for models. One solution is the collection of more complete data during system disturbances. Present instrumentation practices generally do not include the collection of data from enough excitation control system variables to permit the data to be used for model refinement. Improvin
46、g the quantity and quality of data collected during system disturbances may be the only practical way to obtain the data required to significantly improve the accuracy of large signal models. This revision incorporates a general introduction to the dynamic performance classification section to aid u
47、nderstanding, and the effects of excitation limiters are introduced. Clarifications have been introduced where technology advancements have changed approaches in modelling, such as the introduction of integral control terms whereby open-loop steady-state gain is considered infinite. Additional and i
48、mproved figures have been introduced and some typical parameters are shown. It is important to note that this document is part of the IEEE 421 series of guides on the various aspects of excitation control systems for synchronous generators and that the IEEE Excitation Systems and Controls Subcommitt
49、ee has also produced a tutorial on Power System Stabilization via Excitation Control which provides substantial supplemental material. Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. viii Contents 1. Scope 1 2. Normative references 2 3. Definitions 2 4. Dynamic performance classification 4 4.1 Overall . 4 4.2 Large signal performance 4 4.3 Small signal performance 5 4.4 Effects of excitation limiters 5 5. Large signal performance criteria . 6 5.1 General 6 5.2 Ceiling current . 6 5.3 Ceiling voltage . 7 5
