1、全国自考（英语写作）-试卷 8 及答案解析(总分：6.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Supply the missing p(总题数：1，分数：2.00)1.Being Shy _ First, make decisions not to hold back in conversations. What you have to say is just as important as what other people say. And dont turn down party invitations just because of your shyness. Second, prepare
2、yourself for being with others in groups. Make a list of the good qualities you have. Then make a list of ideas, experiences, and skills you would like to share with other people. Think about what you would like to say in advance. Then say it. Third, if you start feeling self-conscious in group, tak
3、e a deep breath and focus your attention on other people. Remember, you are not alone. Other people are concerned about the impression they are making, too. Dont be afraid to speak up and give your point of view. Moreover, remember everyone experiences failures and disappointments. Profit them as le
4、ssons instead of frustrations. As each of us is an individual, we behave in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. No one ever gets over being shy completely, but most people do learn to live with their shyness. Even enterta
5、iners admit that they often feel shy. They work at fighting their shy feelings so they can face the cameras and the public. Just making the effort to control shyness can have many rewards. But perhaps the best reason to fight shyness is to give other people a chance to know more about you.（分数：2.00）_
6、二、Write an outline(总题数：1，分数：2.00)2.Africas When many people hear the word “Africa“, inevitably they picture steaming jungles and gorillas and other wild animals. Hollywood films have shrunk the public image of this immense, varied continent into a small segment of its actual diversity. To have a mor
7、e accurate picture of the whole continent, however, one should remember that the continent can be roughly divided into three Africas: the northern desert areas, the southeastern grasslands, and the tropical jungles to the southwest, each with its distinct climate and terrain and with a style of life
8、 suited to the environment. The northern regions have the environment and living patterns of the desert. Egypt, Libya, Algeria, and Morocco have hot, dry climates with very little land suited to farming. Green fields cannot he easily seen. Therefore, the population tends to be clustered into cities
9、along rivers or the seacoast or into smaller settlements near oases. For thousands of years, people have lived in this vast region, relying partly on what the land could offer such as crops and animals they could raise and partly on trade with Europe. The southeastern grasslands provide a better env
10、ironment for animal life and for some kinds of crops. Many wild animals inhabit the plains in this regionelephants, giraffes, rhinoceros, antelopes, zebras, and lions. The people in this area have long been expert cattle raisers and experienced hunters. Tea, coffee, cotton, cashew nuts, and tobacco
11、are some of the main products grown in this region. Fishing also provides some food and income for people along the coast. The population here is less concentrated in cities and towns than in the north, but tends to be denser in areas where adequate rainfall and fertile soil make farming possible. W
12、est Africa is the region closest to the Hollywood image of mysterious jungles. As in the other two regions, the way people make a living depends upon their environment. This does not mean that most of the people live in grass huts in the jungle. In fact, such nations as Nigeria have become highly mo
13、dernized by income from oil, timber, and minerals. Most of the western countries have some farming that provides food and income; sugar cane, coffee, and tobacco are the important cash crops, while bananas, rice, arid corn are raised for food. Fishing in the rivers and along the coast also accounts
14、for food and income, and precious stones, especially diamonds, enhance the economy of countries like Angola and the Ivory Coast. Even a superficial look at the major regions of Africa shows that it is a continent with varied environments. Although most of the continent is tropical in its range of te
15、mperature, the climate ranges from deserts to rain forests. Similarly, human lifestyles vary from the simplest rural villages to industrial cities, both new and ancient. Contrary to the myth, however, jungle life makes up only a very small portion of the whole of Africa. _（分数：2.00）_三、Compose an essa
16、y(总题数：1，分数：2.00)3.Write a description of scene in city.（分数：2.00）_全国自考（英语写作）-试卷 8 答案解析(总分：6.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Supply the missing p(总题数：1，分数：2.00)1.Being Shy _ First, make decisions not to hold back in conversations. What you have to say is just as important as what other people say. And dont turn down
17、party invitations just because of your shyness. Second, prepare yourself for being with others in groups. Make a list of the good qualities you have. Then make a list of ideas, experiences, and skills you would like to share with other people. Think about what you would like to say in advance. Then
18、say it. Third, if you start feeling self-conscious in group, take a deep breath and focus your attention on other people. Remember, you are not alone. Other people are concerned about the impression they are making, too. Dont be afraid to speak up and give your point of view. Moreover, remember ever
19、yone experiences failures and disappointments. Profit them as lessons instead of frustrations. As each of us is an individual, we behave in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. No one ever gets over being shy completely, b
20、ut most people do learn to live with their shyness. Even entertainers admit that they often feel shy. They work at fighting their shy feelings so they can face the cameras and the public. Just making the effort to control shyness can have many rewards. But perhaps the best reason to fight shyness is
21、 to give other people a chance to know more about you.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Nearly everyone is shy in some ways. Shy people are over-concerned with their own appearances and actions. Worrisome thoughts often swirl in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupi
22、d? If shyness is making you uncomfortable, it may be time for a few lessons in self confidence. Shyness can be overcome with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence. You can build your confidence by following some suggestions.)解析：解析： 本文要求根据给出的段落，补充第一段。所以我们先就下面的段落进行分析。 第二段：要有决心不要在谈
23、话中保持沉默。相信你要说的内容是和其他人的一样重要。不要仅仅因为你害羞就拒绝别人的邀请。 第三段：做好充分的准备和别人交谈。将你的技能、想法、经历和你想跟别人分享的东西列一个清单，接下来就去说。 第四段：如果你在谈话的群体中过多地在乎自己，这时，深呼吸，把自己的注意力集中到别人身上。你并不孤单，因为很多人都很在意自己给别人留下的印象，你只管说出你的想法。每个人都有失败的经历，我们要把它当作教训而不是一种失落。 第五段：因为每一个人都是一个独立的个体，我们都有自己的行为方式。我们更多地了解自己，就能更好地发挥我们的潜力。没有人能完全克服害羞，但多数人能学会怎样去适应它。即使是那些娱乐工作者也有这
24、种感觉，只足他们每次都尽量去克服它，以更好地去而对观众和摄像机。 第六段：试着克服害羞有很多好处。最大的好处是能让别人更好地了解你。 从以上分析不难看出，本文所缺省的是说明文的开头段。说明文的开头段由两部分组成，即：Introduction 和 Thesis statement。Introduction 可以采取叙述法、比较对比法、因果分析法等展开，为的是弥补字数的不足。至于 Thesis statement 的构建，要根据第二一五段所谈论的各个观点而总结得出。第二一五段是对如何克服害羞提出的几点建议，最后一段是一个小的总结，不难看出，需要补充韵第一段应该是一个概括性的段落。在 Introdu
25、ction 中，对人们害羞的表现、产生的原因和存在的方式作一个简单的介绍，同时，Thesis statement 提出，害羞是可以克服的，有这样几种方式(关键词)，这样就能很好地和下面的几段衔接到一起。 下面来谈谈句子的组织： (1)be overconcerned with 过分在意 害羞的人总是过多地在意自己的形象和行为。 Shy people are overconcerned with their appearances and actions 其他的表达方法： Shy people are always paying more attention to their own appea
26、rances and actions (2)swirl in 在盘旋 担忧的想法经常在他们的脑子中盘旋。Worrisome thoughts often swirl in their minds. 其他的表达方法： The worrisome thoughts often wander in their minds (3)make impression 留下印象 我给别人留下的印象是什么样的? What kind of impression am I making? 其他说法： What kind of impression have I made? (4)build self-confide
27、nce 通过坚决和耐心的努力去树立自信，可以帮助我们克服害羞。 Shyness can be overcome with determined and patient efforts in building self confidence 其他的表达方式： We can do our best to build self-confidence with determination and patience in order to overcome shyness (5)你可以依照一些建议去建立自信。 You can build your confidence by following some
28、 suggestions 原文中一些有用的用法： (1)turn down 拒绝 Do not turn down party invitations, just because of shyness 不要仅仅因为害羞就拒绝别人的邀请。 (2)make a list of列清单 Make a list of the good qualities you have 为你的优点列一个清单。 (3)focus your attention on 集中你的注意力在 Focus your attention on other people (4)live with忍受，适应 Most people do
29、 learn to live with their shyness 多数人学会去忍受适应害羞。二、Write an outline(总题数：1，分数：2.00)2.Africas When many people hear the word “Africa“, inevitably they picture steaming jungles and gorillas and other wild animals. Hollywood films have shrunk the public image of this immense, varied continent into a small
30、 segment of its actual diversity. To have a more accurate picture of the whole continent, however, one should remember that the continent can be roughly divided into three Africas: the northern desert areas, the southeastern grasslands, and the tropical jungles to the southwest, each with its distin
31、ct climate and terrain and with a style of life suited to the environment. The northern regions have the environment and living patterns of the desert. Egypt, Libya, Algeria, and Morocco have hot, dry climates with very little land suited to farming. Green fields cannot he easily seen. Therefore, th
32、e population tends to be clustered into cities along rivers or the seacoast or into smaller settlements near oases. For thousands of years, people have lived in this vast region, relying partly on what the land could offer such as crops and animals they could raise and partly on trade with Europe. T
33、he southeastern grasslands provide a better environment for animal life and for some kinds of crops. Many wild animals inhabit the plains in this regionelephants, giraffes, rhinoceros, antelopes, zebras, and lions. The people in this area have long been expert cattle raisers and experienced hunters.
34、 Tea, coffee, cotton, cashew nuts, and tobacco are some of the main products grown in this region. Fishing also provides some food and income for people along the coast. The population here is less concentrated in cities and towns than in the north, but tends to be denser in areas where adequate rai
35、nfall and fertile soil make farming possible. West Africa is the region closest to the Hollywood image of mysterious jungles. As in the other two regions, the way people make a living depends upon their environment. This does not mean that most of the people live in grass huts in the jungle. In fact
36、, such nations as Nigeria have become highly modernized by income from oil, timber, and minerals. Most of the western countries have some farming that provides food and income; sugar cane, coffee, and tobacco are the important cash crops, while bananas, rice, arid corn are raised for food. Fishing i
37、n the rivers and along the coast also accounts for food and income, and precious stones, especially diamonds, enhance the economy of countries like Angola and the Ivory Coast. Even a superficial look at the major regions of Africa shows that it is a continent with varied environments. Although most
38、of the continent is tropical in its range of temperature, the climate ranges from deserts to rain forests. Similarly, human lifestyles vary from the simplest rural villages to industrial cities, both new and ancient. Contrary to the myth, however, jungle life makes up only a very small portion of th
39、e whole of Africa. _（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：I. Introduction: three Africas with different climates, terrains and styles of life suited to the environment. A. Inaccurate public impression of Africa B. Thesis; One should rempmher that the continent can be divided into three different Africas. . Northern
40、dessert regions A. A place of hot climate and little land for farming B. Population clustered into cities or near water C. People living on farming and trading with Europe III. Southeastern grasslands A. A better environment for animal life and some crops B. People living on cattle raising, hunting,
41、 crops growing, and fishing C. Denser population is areas with adequate rainfall IV. Western jungle areas A. A region close to Hollywood movie image B. Some highly modernized countries C. People living on farming and fishing V. Conclusion a continent with varied environments A. Climate ranging form
42、deserts to rain forests B. Lifestyles varying from rural villages to industrial cities. C. Jungle life making up only a small portion)解析：解析： 这篇文章主要讲到了非洲的自然环境和不同地区不同的生活习俗。 第一段：很多人在提到非洲的时候，都会想到热带雨林、大猩猩或其他的野兽。好莱坞的电影实际上把这个内部成分复杂的大洲缩成了很小的一部分。要想真正了解非洲，一定要知道，非洲是分为三个部分的。北部是沙漠地区，东南部是草原，西南部是热带雨林。每个地区都有不同的气候和地
43、形，各地的生活方式也不同，而且与当地的环境相适应。 第二段：北部地区有自己的自然条件和生活方式。又从三个方面具体讲：一是埃及等国家气候炎热、干燥，几乎没有可供农耕的土地。二是人口和城市主要沿着河流、海岸和绿洲分布。三是几千年以来，人们一方面依靠贫瘠的土地提供一些农产品，另一方面，靠和欧洲的贸易维持生计。 第三段：东南部草原地区。也是从三个方面讲：一是东南部的草原环境有利于动植物的生长。大象、斑马等很多动物生活在这里。二是这地区的人们擅长养牛和打猎。茶、咖啡等是这个地区主要的农作物。沿海地区，渔业也创造了一定的收入。三是这地区的人们并不像北部一样集中在城市，而是集中在降雨丰富和土壤肥沃的地方。
44、第四段：西部丛林区。也是从三个方面讲：一是西部非洲更像好莱坞电影中的非洲。就像其他地区一样，这个地区的人们的生活方式取决于这里的气候，但这并不意味着人们要生活在丛林中。二是讲这里的一些国家已经有很高的现代化，收入来自于石油、木材和矿产。三是多数西部国家的农业可以提供食物和收入。咖啡、烟草等是主要的经济作物，而香蕉、玉米等则是主要的食物。渔业也是一项收入。并且，对于一些国家，稀有宝石等为所有国的经济做出了重要的贡献。 第五段：即使是从表面上看，非洲也是一个有着多种多样气候环境的大洲。气候从热带雨林到沙漠都有，尽管大部分地区是热带。相似地，人们的生活也是从原始的部落到工业城市。与神话相比，丛林生活
45、只是整个非洲的一小部分。 从上面的分析中，可以很容易地看出本文的结构和条理，从而写出 outline。全文分为五部分。每个自然段独立成为一部分。第一部分总的讲非洲分为三个不同的区域，每个地区有不同的特点。然后在第二、三、四部分中，分别讲三个地区，每个部分也是从三个方面讲。最后一部分是总结，从三个方面点明非洲大陆的多样性。 下面看文中的一些有用的用法： (1)divide into 分成 One should remember that the continent can be roughly divided into three Africas 应该记得，这个大洲可以被粗略地划分为三个部分。
46、(2)be clustered into 聚集到 The population tends to be clustered into cities along rivers or the seacoast or into smaller settlements near oases 人口沿河流或海岸，或者沙漠中的绿洲分布。(3)be close to 与接近 West Africa is the region closest to the Hollywood image of mysterious jungles 西部非洲是与好莱坞电影中的神秘丛林形象最接近的地区。 (4)Most of th
47、e continent is tropical in its range of temperature 根据气温的变化幅度，这个洲的大部分地区是热带。 (5)make up 组成 Jungle life makes up only a very small portion of the whole of Africa. 丛林生活只是整个非洲的很小的一部分。三、Compose an essay(总题数：1，分数：2.00)3.Write a description of scene in city.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Hongkong at Night Hongkong is a beautiful seaport which attracts tourists from
