1、工程硕士(GCT)数学-153 及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BPart Vocabula(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.That battered old bat of his is a _ joke to all his friends. A. steady B. standing C. persisting D. stable（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.2.Dominic, the most _ pupil in class, will go to Harvard to study thi
2、s September. A. indigenous B. indiscreet C. indulgent D. industrious（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.3.Mr. Morton gradually _ a knowledge of the subject. A. attained B. required C. acquired D. enquired（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.4.We must try to use our intellect _. A. to the greatest advantage B. for the most details C. by t
3、he rarest chance D. of the greatest significance（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.5.I decided to get in touch with him _ after I received his letter. A. promptly B. quickly C. hastily D. urgently（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.6.The teacher gave the students extra work because she was _ by all the noise and talking in the classroo
4、m. A. interrupted B. degenerated C. terminated D. exasperated（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.7.There is no electricity again. Has the _ blown then? A. fuse B. plug C. wire D. circuit（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.8.Every society has its own peculiar customs and _ of acting. A. ways B. attitudes C. behavior D. means（分数：1.50）A.B.
5、C.D.9.The full _ of changes in computer technology will be felt within the next few years. A. affect B. impact C. action D. importance（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.10.The coming of automation is _ to have important social consequences. A. like B. frightful C. bound D. compelled（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.三、BPart Reading (总
6、题数：4，分数：40.00)BDirections:/B There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET w
7、ith a single line through the center.A scorching sun, an endless sea of sand and a waterless, forbiddingly lonely land-that is the image most people have of deserts. But how true is this picture? Deserts are drylands where rainfall is low. This is not to say rain never falls in deserts. It may fall
8、once or twice a year in a fierce torrent that fades almost as soon as it has begun, or which evaporates in the hot air long before it has got anywhere near the earth. It may fall in a sudden sweeping flood that carries everything in its path. Rains may only come once in five or six years or not fall
9、 for a decade or more. The Mojave desert in the United States remained dry for twenty-five years.Without water no living thing can survive, and one feature of the desert landscape is the absence of vegetation. With little rain and hardly any vegetation the land suffers under the sun. There are virtu
10、ally no clouds or trees to protect the earths surface and it can be burning hot. Under the sun, soils break up and crack. Wind and torrential rain sweep away and erode the surface further. Eight million square kilometers of the worlds land surface is desert. Throughout history deserts have been expa
11、nding and retreating again. Cave paintings show that parts of the Sahara Desert were green and fertile about 10, 000 years ago, and even animals like elephants and giraffes roamed the land. Fossil and dunes found in fertile and damp parts of the world show that these areas were once deserts. But now
12、 the creation of new desert areas is happening on a colossal scale. Twenty million square kilometers, an area twice the size of Canada, is at a high to very high risk of becoming desert. With a further 1.25 million square kilometers under moderate risk, an area covering 30% of the earths land surfac
13、e is desert, becoming desert, or in danger of becoming desert. The rate of growth of deserts is alarming. The worlds drylands which are under threat include some of the most important stock-rearing and wheat-growing areas and are the homes of 600 - 700 million people. These regions are becoming dese
14、rts at the rate of more than 58, 000 square kilometers a year or 44 hectares a minute. In North Africa at least 100, 000 hectares of cropland are lost each year. At this rate there is a high risk that we will be confined to living on only 50% of this planets land surface within one more century unle
15、ss we are able to do something about it.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the passage tell us about rainfall in the desert? A. It never rains. B. It rains so little that nothing can live. C. It rains unexpectedly. D. It rains very infrequently.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Desert soils break up and crack because of _.
16、 A. the effects of wind and rain. B. the lack of protection from the sun. C. the tropical location of deserts. D. the absence of rain.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What do we learn about deserts from this text? A. Deserts can change into green and fertile areas. B. Certain areas have always been desert. C. D
17、eserts were once the home of elephants and giraffes. D. Deserts have been growing since the beginning of the world.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).How much of the worlds land surface is at risk of becoming desert? A. Less than ten million square kilometers. B. Twenty million square kilometers. C. More than twe
18、nty million square kilometers. D. 30% of the worlds land surface.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What does the writer think about the creation of new desert areas? A. It is a natural development. B. The problem is not very serious. C. It is a very worrying problem. D. The situation will improve in time.（分数：2.0
19、0）A.B.C.D.The first thing to notice is that the media were all familiar with-from books to television-are one-way propositions: they push their content at us. The Web is two-way, push and pull. In finer point, it combines the one-way reach of broadcast with the two-way reciprocity (互惠) of a mid-cast
20、. Indeed, its user can at once be a receiver and sender of broadcast, a confusing property, but mind-stretching!A second aspect of the Web is that it is the first medium that honors the notion of multiple intelligences. This past centurys concept of literacy grew out of our intense belief in text, a
21、 focus enhanced by the power of one particular technology-the typewriter. It became a great tool for writers but a terrible one for other creative activities such as sketching, painting, notating music, or even mathematics. The typewriter prized one particular kind of intelligence, but with the Web,
22、 we suddenly have a medium that honors multiple forms of intelligence- abstract, textual, visual, musical, social, and kinesthetic. As educators, we now have a chance to construct a medium that enables all young people to become engaged in their ideal way of learning. The Web affords the match we ne
23、ed between a medium and how a particular person learns.A third and unusual aspect of the Web is that it leverages (起杠杆作用) the small efforts of the many with the large efforts of the few. For example, researchers in the Maricopa County Community College system in Phoenix have found a way to link a se
24、t of senior citizens with pupils in the Longview Elementary School, as helper-mentors (顾问). Its wonderful to see- kids listen to these grandparents better than they do to their own parents, the mentoring really helps their teachers, and the seniors create a sense of meaning for themselves. Thus, the
25、 small efforts of the man-the seniors-complement the large efforts of the few-the teachers. The same thing can be found in operation at Hewlett-Packard, where engineers use the Web to help kids with science or math problems. Both of these examples barely scratch the surface as we think about whats p
26、ossible when we start interlacing resources with needs across a whole region.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the word mind-stretching imply? A. Obtaining ones mental power. B. Strengthening ones power of thought. C. Making great demands on ones mental power. D. Exerting ones mental power as far as possible.
27、（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is a terrible tool for activities such as sketching and painting? A. Technology B. Typewriter C. Text D. The web（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which group of people make some efforts to help pupils in elementary schools? A. Teachers B. Researchers C. Grandparents D. Senior citizens（分
28、数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The sentence the seniors create a sense of meaning for themselves means the seniors A. acquire a new meaning of their lives B. understand the meaning of the web C. create a web site for themselves D. add a new meaning to the web（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The expression “scratch the surf
29、ace“ most probably means _. A. think hard in a puzzled way B. deal with a problem thoroughly C. treat a subject without being thorough D. work out a solution for a problem easily（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.There is no question that the old style of air pollution could kill people. In one week following the inf
30、amous “peasouper“ fog in December 1952, 4, 700 people died in London. Most of these people were elderly and already had heart or lung diseases. A series of these killer fogs eventually led to the British Parliament passing the Clean Air Act which restricted the burning of coal.Fortunately the effect
31、 of smog on the lungs is not so dramatic. Scientists have now conducted a number of laboratory experiments in which volunteers are exposed to ozone inside a steel chamber for a few hours. Even at quite low concentrations there is a reversible fall in lung function, an increase in the irritability of
32、 the lungs and evidence of airway inflammation (发炎). Although irritable and inflamed lungs are particularly seen in people with asthma (哮喘) and other lung diseases, these effects of ozone also occur in healthy subjects. Similar changes are also seen after exposure to nitrogen dioxide, although there
33、 is some disagreement about the concentration at which they occur.Other studies have found that people living in areas with high levels of pollution have more symptoms and worse lung function than those living in areas with clean air. Groups of children attending school camps show falls in lung func
34、tion even at quite low concentrations of ozone. There is also a relationship between ozone levels and hospital admissions for asthma, both in North America and Australia. It is suspected that long-term exposure to smog may result in chronic bronchitis (支气管炎) and emphysema (肺气肿), but this has yet to
35、be proven.Recently an association has been found between the levels of particles in the air and death rates in North American cities. The reason for this association is not understood and as yet there is no evidence this occurs in Australia. However, we do know that hazy days are associated with mor
36、e asthma attacks in children.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT the result of laboratory experiments? A. Low concentrations B. Fall in lung function C. Irritability of the lungs D. Air way inflammation（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Irritable and inflamed lungs are also seen in people with _. A. asthm
37、a B. lung diseases C. good health D. weak health（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible cause of lung diseases? A. The burning of coal B. Long-term exposure to smog C. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide D. Attending school camps（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The relationship betwe
38、en exposure to _ has not yet been determined. A. ozone and fall in lung function B. ozone and lung diseases such as asthma C. nitrogen dioxide and worse lung function D. smog and chronic bronchitis and emphysema（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The association between _ has not yet been found in Australia. A. oz
39、one levels and hospital admissions for asthma B. hazy days and more asthma attacks in children C. the levels of particles in the air and death rates D. high levels of pollution and more symptoms（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.The events of Sept. 11 have ratcheted up security at American airports to the highest lev
40、el ever, according to a spokesman for Transportation Secretary Norman Mineta. But to say there is plenty of room for improvement puts it mildly. Hundreds of employees with access to high-security areas at 15 U. S. airports have been arrested or indicted by federal law enforcement officials for using
41、 phony Social Security numbers, lying about criminal convictions0r being in the United States illegally. None of those arrested had terrorist links, but some aviation experts said the workers were in a position to help smuggle weapons or bombs aboard aircraft if they had wanted.Tests ordered by Pres
42、ident Bush and conducted by federal agents at 32 airports between November and February, when airports were on highest alert, showed that security screeners failed to detect knives 70% of the time, guns 30% of the time and simulated explosives 60% of the time.Two members of the House Transportation
43、Committee are pushing to reverse the administrations opposition to arming pilots because groups representing pilots are insisting that their members need to be armed as a last line of defense.Attorney General John Ashcroft said the arrests of hundreds of airport employees showed that the system of b
44、ackground checks-done piecemeal by airlines, private contractors and others-needs tightening. That much is painfully obvious. What isnt clear is why the system was so porous (有漏洞的) to begin with and why it wasnt immediately tightened after that infamous Tuesday in September.Some people in the indust
45、ry wisely have suggested that all airport workers be required to pass through the same metal detectors and other security checks as flight crews do, Congress has ordered the new Transportation Security Administration to find ways to enact just such a requirement. Unfortunately, no deadline has been
46、set, in part because federal officials are preoccupied with getting thousands of new baggage screeners in place by Nov. 19-when the feds take over airport security-and installing bomb-detection equipment in all airports by the end of the year.Plainly, those two goals are critical. But it would be a
47、mistake to give low priority to fixing other gaping holes in the nations airport security net. If the federal crackdown is going to be effective, it needs to be comprehensive.（分数：10.00）(1).The possible reason for hundreds of airport employees being arrested might be one of the following except _. A.
48、 using false ID B. helping others in smuggling C. being in the US illegally D. denying or not mentioning past crimes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Figures showed that security screeners were _ dangerous items. A. able to detect B. not able to detect C. not effective in detecting D. very effective in detecting（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Who is/are against the point that pilots need to be armed? A. Pilots B. Federal agents C. The administration D. Two members of the House Transportation Committee（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What does the word infamous mea
