1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 3 及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：32，分数：64.00)1.As for the missing funds, the company manager, when demanded to give an explanation, could not even come up with a_one.(北京大学 2005 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.plaintiveB.pervasiveC.perpetualD.plausible2.The governments policies
2、in the past five years have shown a(n)_in emphasizing the necessity of improving the peasants livelihood.(北京大学 2005 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.exaltationB.coherenceC.agonyD.behavior3.Tom doesnt think that the_situation here is as good as his hometowns. (中国人民大学2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.economicsB.economicC.economyD.ec
3、onomical4._the increase in the number of computers in our offices, the amount of paper hat we need has risen as well.(中国人民大学 2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.Along withB.AltogetherC.AlthoughD.All along5.The food was divided_according to the age and size of the child.(中国人民大学 2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.equallyB.individua
4、llyC.sufficientlyD.proportionally6.In a materialistic and_society peoples interest seems to be focused solely on monetary pursuit.(中国科学院 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.adaptiveB.addictiveC.acquisitiveD.arrogant7.Even if I won a million-dollar lottery, I would continue to live_.(中国科学院 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.subtly
5、B.frugallyC.explicitlyD.cautiously8.Doctors must inform_parents about the low odds of success in fertility treatments.(中国科学院 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.protectiveB.respectiveC.prospectiveD.perspective9.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other_.(电子科技大学
6、2005 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.bruisesB.blundersC.handicapsD.drawbacks10.Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was_in tropic countries.(电子科技大学 2005 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.prospectiveB.prevalentC.provocativeD.perpetual11.After several nuclear disasters, a_has raged over the safety of nuclear energy.(电子科技
7、大学 2005 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.quarrelB.suspicionC.verdictD.controversy12.Australia is struggling to cope with the consequences of a devastating drought. As the world warms up, other countries should pay_.(北京大学 2009 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.heelB.healC.heedD.head13.Before turning to writing, I spent eight years as a
8、lawyer_about how life would be with a prominent father blazing my trail.(北京大学 2009 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.fantasizingB.fascinatingC.facilitatingD.finalizing14.At first, movies were little more than amusing_pictures that appeared to move.(北京大学 2009 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.novelsB.noveltiesC.noticesD.novices15.The gov
9、ernment decided to take a_action to strengthen the market management.(清华大学 2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.diverseB.durableC.epidemicD.drastic16.The local residents were unhappy about the curfew in this region and decided to_it.(清华大学 2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.disgraceB.disguiseC.defyD.distress17.They admitted that th
10、ey shared the same_on the matter.(清华大学 2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.potentialityB.sentimentC.postscriptD.subscription18.He was_in the streets of the Mexican capital by more than a million people, most of them sincerely inspired.(厦门大学 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.acclaimedB.attestedC.ratifiedD.considered19.The British
11、 historian Niall Ferguson speculated that the end of American_ might not fuel an orderly shift to a multipolar system.(厦门大学 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.domainB.hegemonyC.sovereigntyD.preference20.I personally am offended by what they have tried to do in a very misleading way with, what Ive said about two of
12、 my personal_, President Kennedy and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.(厦门大学 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.resemblanceB.statuesC.iconsD.parable21.She is a woman of_who has never abandoned her principles for the sake of her own benefits.(上海交通大学 2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.dignityB.scarcityC.integrityD.stability22.I couldnt sl
13、eep because the tap in the bathroom was_.(北京大学 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.drainingB.droppingC.spillingD.dripping23.We have been hearing_accounts of your work.(北京大学 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.favoredB.favorableC.favoriteD.favoring24.Please put your empty cigarette packets and paper bags in the_bins provided.(北京大学
14、2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.junkB.litterC.scrapD.deposit25.The overcrowded living conditions_a heavy strain on the family.(四川大学 2009 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.setB.putC.madeD.pressed26.The supply of apples exceeds the_this year.(四川大学 2009 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.requestB.claimC.requirementD.demand27.I must take this watch to b
15、e repaired: it_over twenty minutes a day.(四川大学 2009 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.increasesB.progressesC.acceleratesD.gains28.With computers doubling in speed and power every couple of years, and with genetic engineerings dazzling feats growing more and more routine, the battered American faith in technological pr
16、ogress has been growing stronger and giddier of late.(中国社会科学院 2006 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.intriguingB.ornateC.brilliantD.obsessing29.One suggested method of containing the fires was presented by Cary Colaizzi of the engineering firm Goodson, which has developed a heat-resistant grout(a thin mortar used to f
17、ill cracks and crevices), which is designed to be pumped into the coal fire to cut off the oxygen supply.(中国社会科学院 2006 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.restrainingB.comprisingC.embracingD.releasing30.The two fanatic Puerto Rican nationalists who tried to assassinate Harry Truman in 1950 attacked him when he was livin
18、g across the street in Blair House while the White House was being renovated .(中国社会科学院 2006 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.refurbishedB.refurnishedC.reiteratedD.repainted31.Is it proper for the government to_public opinion through self-serving, one-sided journalism?(厦门大学 2006 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.touchB.huntC.swayD.proce
19、ed32.Our students educational achievements equal, and in many cases_those of students in previous years.(厦门大学 2006 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.surpassB.advanceC.increaseD.multiply考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 3 答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：32，分数：64.00)1.As for the missing funds, the company manager, wh
20、en demanded to give an explanation, could not even come up with a_one.(北京大学 2005 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.plaintiveB.pervasiveC.perpetualD.plausible 解析：解析：D 项 plausible 表示“似是而非的”，符合题意，如：a plausible excuse(看似有理的借口)。其他三项，A 项 plaintive 表示“悲哀的，哀伤的”；B 项 pervasive 表示“颠倒的，曲解的”；C项 perpetual 表示“永久的”，都不正确。本题空格处是说甚至提不出一
21、个看似可信的解释。因此 D 项为正确答案。2.The governments policies in the past five years have shown a(n)_in emphasizing the necessity of improving the peasants livelihood.(北京大学 2005 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.exaltationB.coherence C.agonyD.behavior解析：解析：B 项 coherence 表示“一致”，符合题意。其他三项，A 项 exaltation 表示“提升，提高”；C 项 agony 表示“苦恼”；D 项
22、 behavior 表示“举止，行为”，都不正确。本题空格处是说与强调改善农民生活的必要性是一致的。因此 B 项为正确答案。3.Tom doesnt think that the_situation here is as good as his hometowns. (中国人民大学2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.economicsB.economic C.economyD.economical解析：解析：各项的意思是：economics 经济学；economic 经济(上)的，经济学的；economy 经济，节约；economical 经济的，节约的。根据句意，应选择 B 项。4._t
23、he increase in the number of computers in our offices, the amount of paper hat we need has risen as well.(中国人民大学 2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.Along with B.AltogetherC.AlthoughD.All along解析：解析：各项的意思是：Along with 随同一起；Altogether 完全，总而言之；Although 尽管，虽然；All along 始终，一直。根据句意，应选择 A 项。5.The food was divided_accordin
24、g to the age and size of the child.(中国人民大学 2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.equallyB.individually C.sufficientlyD.proportionally解析：解析：各项的意思是：equally 平等地，公正地；individually 个别地，独特地；sLlfficiently能胜任地，够资格地；proportionally 按比例地，适当地。根据句意，应选择 B 项。6.In a materialistic and_society peoples interest seems to be focused solel
25、y on monetary pursuit.(中国科学院 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.adaptiveB.addictiveC.acquisitive D.arrogant解析：解析：A 项意为“适合的，适应的”；B 项意为“使成瘾的，上瘾的”；D 项意为“傲慢的，自大的，自负的”。从上文内容“在一个实利主义的社会”及下文内容“人们似乎只对追逐金钱感兴趣”来看，这三项都不合适。C 项意为“渴望得到的，贪婪的，可获利的”正合句意。7.Even if I won a million-dollar lottery, I would continue to live_.(中国科学院 200
26、8 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.subtlyB.frugally C.explicitlyD.cautiously解析：解析：本句意为“即使中了 100 万美元的彩票，我仍会继续过的生活”。A 项意为“敏锐地，巧妙地”，B 项意为“节约地，俭朴地”，C 项意为“明白地，明确地”，D 项意为“小心地，谨慎地”，根据句意 B 项为正确选项。8.Doctors must inform_parents about the low odds of success in fertility treatments.(中国科学院 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.protectiveB.respect
27、iveC.prospective D.perspective解析：解析：A 项意为“保护的，防护的”，B 项意为“分别的，各自的”，后面应接单数名词，D 项意为“透视的，透视画的”，此三项均与句意不符。C 项意为“预期的，盼望中的，未来的，即将发生的”，根据下文中的 fertility treatments 判断，C 项为正确答案。9.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other_.(电子科技大学 2005 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.bruise
28、sB.blundersC.handicapsD.drawbacks 解析：解析：D 项“drawbacks 缺点，障碍”符合题意。其他三项“A 项 bruises 淤伤，擦伤；B 项blunders 大错，失误；C 项 handicaps 妨碍，不利，阻碍”都不正确。本题是说很多纯金属无法使用，因为它们太软，易生锈，或有些其他的缺陷。因此 D 项为正确答案。10.Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was_in tropic countries.(电子科技大学 2005 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.prospectiveB
29、.prevalent C.provocativeD.perpetual解析：解析：B 项“prevalent 普遍的，流行的”符合题意。其他三项“A 项 prospective 预期的；C 项provocative 煽动的；D 项 perpetual 永久的”都不正确。本题是说一些研究证实这种眼疾在热带国家很普遍。因此 B 项为正确答案。11.After several nuclear disasters, a_has raged over the safety of nuclear energy.(电子科技大学 2005 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.quarrelB.suspicionC.
30、verdictD.controversy 解析：解析：D 项“controversy 争论，辩论，论战”符合题意，如：gjve rise to much controversy(引起许多争论)。其他三项“A 项 quarrel 吵架；B 项 suspicion 猜疑，怀疑；C 项 verdict(陪审团的)裁决，判决，判断”都不正确。本题空格处是说展开了一场关于核能源安全性的辩论。因此 D 项为正确答案。12.Australia is struggling to cope with the consequences of a devastating drought. As the world
31、warms up, other countries should pay_.(北京大学 2009 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.heelB.healC.heed D.head解析：解析：固定搭配，“pay heed”意为“留心，注意”，正确答案为 C。13.Before turning to writing, I spent eight years as a lawyer_about how life would be with a prominent father blazing my trail.(北京大学 2009 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.fantasizing B.fascina
32、tingC.facilitatingD.finalizing解析：解析：fantasize 意为“想象，幻想”，fascinate 意为“使着迷”，facilitale 意为“帮助，促进”，finalize 意为“使结束，使完结”。只有选项 A 可以与 about 连用，且与题意符合。故正确答案为 A。14.At first, movies were little more than amusing_pictures that appeared to move.(北京大学 2009 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.novels B.noveltiesC.noticesD.novices解析：解析
33、：novels 意为“小说”，novelties 意为“新奇事物”，notices 意为“通知，预告”，novices 意为“新手，初学者”。此题考查形近词，只有“novels”与电影相关，故正确答案为 A。15.The government decided to take a_action to strengthen the market management.(清华大学 2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.diverseB.durableC.epidemicD.drastic 解析：解析：此题对单词记忆进行考查。四个选项的意思分别是：diverse 不同的，别的；durable 持久的
34、，坚牢的；epidemic 流行的，传染的；drastic 严厉的，强硬的。根据句意可知，应选择 D。16.The local residents were unhappy about the curfew in this region and decided to_it.(清华大学 2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.disgraceB.disguiseC.defy D.distress解析：解析：此题对单词记忆进行考查。四个选项的意思分别是：disgrace 玷污，贬黜；disguise 假装，借口；defy 不服从，公然反抗；distress 使悲痛，使苦恼。根据句意可知，应选择 C
35、。17.They admitted that they shared the same_on the matter.(清华大学 2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.potentialityB.sentiment C.postscriptD.subscription解析：解析：此题对单词记忆进行考查。四个选项的意思分别是：potentiality 可能性，潜能；sentiment 情感，观点；postscript 附言，后记；subscription 捐献，签名。根据句意可知，应选择 B。18.He was_in the streets of the Mexican capital by m
36、ore than a million people, most of them sincerely inspired.(厦门大学 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.acclaimed B.attestedC.ratifiedD.considered解析：解析：各选项的意思是：acclaim 向欢呼，喝彩，称赞；attest 证明；ratify 批准，认可；consider 考虑。19.The British historian Niall Ferguson speculated that the end of American_ might not fuel an orderly shi
37、ft to a multipolar system.(厦门大学 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.domainB.hegemony C.sovereigntyD.preference解析：解析：各选项的意思是：domain 领土，领地，(活动、学问等的)范围，领域；hegemony 霸权；sovereignty 君主，主权，主权国家；preference 偏爱，优先选择。20.I personally am offended by what they have tried to do in a very misleading way with, what Ive said about t
38、wo of my personal_, President Kennedy and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.(厦门大学 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.resemblanceB.statuesC.icons D.parable解析：解析：各选项的意思是：resemblance 类似之处；statue 雕像；icon 偶像，崇拜对象；parable 寓意，比喻。21.She is a woman of_who has never abandoned her principles for the sake of her own benefits.(上海交通大学
39、2007 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.dignityB.scarcityC.integrity D.stability解析：解析：各选项的意思是：dignity 尊严，高贵；searcity 稀少，缺乏，不足；integrity 正直，诚实，完整；stablity 稳定性，稳定。22.I couldnt sleep because the tap in the bathroom was_.(北京大学 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.drainingB.droppingC.spillingD.dripping 解析：解析：此题考查对单词的记忆能力。drain 排水，流干；drop 落下
40、；spill 溢出，溅出；drip 使滴下。根据句意可知，答案是 D。23.We have been hearing_accounts of your work.(北京大学 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.favoredB.favorable C.favoriteD.favoring解析：解析：此题考查对单词的记忆能力。各项意思为：favored 有天赋的，受惠的；favorable 赞成的，称许的；favorite 宠爱的，中意的；favoring 顺利的，有帮助的。根据句意可知，答案是 B。24.Please put your empty cigarette packets and
41、 paper bags in the_bins provided.(北京大学 2008 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.junkB.litter C.scrapD.deposit解析：解析：此题考查对单词的记忆能力。各项的意思为：junk 垃圾，旧货；litter 垃圾(litter bin废物箱)；scrap 废料；deposit 存放物，沉淀物。根据句意可知，答案是 B。25.The overcrowded living conditions_a heavy strain on the family.(四川大学 2009 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.setB.put C.madeD.pre
42、ssed解析：解析：固定搭配题目。四个选项的意思分别是：set 放置，设定；put 放，安置；made 使，做；pressed 压，按。put strain on 是固定搭配。意思是“使紧张；使经受考验；使劳累”。根据句子意思推出正确答案是 B 选项。26.The supply of apples exceeds the_this year.(四川大学 2009 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.requestB.claimC.requirementD.demand 解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是：request 要求，请求；claim 要求，主张；requirement 要求，需求；deman
43、d 要求，需求。requirement 和 demand 虽然都有“需求”之意，但在表示市场需求时，一般用 demand。supply 和 demand 对应，表示供求关系。根据句子意思推出正确答案是 D 选项。27.I must take this watch to be repaired: it_over twenty minutes a day.(四川大学 2009 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.increasesB.progressesC.acceleratesD.gains 解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是：increase 增加，增多；progress 进步，发展；accelera
44、te 加速；gain 得到，获得，钟表等走得快。根据句子意思推出正确答案是 D 选项。例句如下：My watch gained two minutes(我的表快了两分钟。)28.With computers doubling in speed and power every couple of years, and with genetic engineerings dazzling feats growing more and more routine, the battered American faith in technological progress has been growin
45、g stronger and giddier of late.(中国社会科学院 2006 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.intriguingB.ornateC.brilliant D.obsessing解析：解析：dazzling 的意思是“眼花缭乱的，耀眼的”。四个选项中，A 项 intriguing 的意思是“迷人的，有迷惑力的，引起兴趣(或好奇心)的”；B 项 ornate 的意思是“装饰的，华丽的，(文体)绚丽的”；C 项 brilliant 的意思是“灿烂的，闪耀的，有才气的”，可以转义为 glorious，magnificent，意思是“辉煌的，壮丽的”；D 项 obsessing
46、 的意思是“迷住的，念念不忘的”。只有 C 项符合题意。29.One suggested method of containing the fires was presented by Cary Colaizzi of the engineering firm Goodson, which has developed a heat-resistant grout(a thin mortar used to fill cracks and crevices), which is designed to be pumped into the coal fire to cut off the oxy
47、gen supply.(中国社会科学院 2006 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.restraining B.comprisingC.embracingD.releasing解析：解析：根据上下文 containing 已不再是“包含，容纳”的意思，而应是“控制，遏制”。四个选项中，A 项 restraining 的意思是“抑制，制止”；B 项 comprising 的意思是“包含，由组成”；C项 embracing 的意思是“拥抱，互相拥抱，包含”；D 项 releasing 的意思是“释放，解放，放弃”。只有 A 项符合题意。30.The two fanatic Puerto Rican n
48、ationalists who tried to assassinate Harry Truman in 1950 attacked him when he was living across the street in Blair House while the White House was being renovated .(中国社会科学院 2006 年试题)（分数：2.00）A.refurbished B.refurnishedC.reiteratedD.repainted解析：解析：renovated 的意思是“修理，补；改善；恢复；使呈现新面貌”。四个选项中，A 项refurbished 的意思是“重新擦亮磨光；再刷新；整修”；B 项 refurnished 的意思是“再供给，重新装备”；C 项 reiterated 的意思是“反复地说，重申，重做”；D 项 repainted 的意思是“重漆，重画”。只有 A 项符合题意。31.Is it proper for the government to_public opinion through self-serving, one-sided journalism?(厦门大学 2006 年试题)（分数：2.00）A
