1、考研数学三-函数、极限、连续(二)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Are teens and young adults more narcissistic (自恋的) today than in the past? Thats the view of a California researcher who studies (1) people. In her new book, The Narcissism (2) : Living in the Age of Entitlement, psychol
2、ogist Jean Twenge of San Diego State University and (3) W. Keith Campbell of the University of Georgia say research shows (4) young people today have “narcissistic traits“ than in (5) generations. Such traits, Twenge says, include a very. (6) and inflated sense of self, which is (7) by a preoccupati
3、on with MySpace, Facebook and YouTube. “Weve been on this self-admiration cultural (8) for a long time,“ Twenge says. (9) Twenges take on todays young people isnt universal. Studies by other researchers, including Canadian (10) Dr. Kali of the University of Western Ontario, have used the same data b
4、ut found (11) results. “They put a different (12) on it,“ Kali says. Twenges studies have found more narcissistic traits and a (13) rate of increase among college students today, but Kali found that students narcissism was (14) greater in 2006 than in 1976. Twenges most recent paper studied the same
5、 data as Kali-more than 20 000 college students from 2002 to 2007. (15) researchers used the Narcissistic Personality Inventory to measure narcissistic (16) and findings by both have been (17) in peerreviewed journals. Twenges book (18) just a month after The Mirror Effect : How Celebrity Narcissism
6、 Is Seducing America, a book co-written by behavioral (19) Drew Pinsky, (20) suggested that a celebrity-obsessed culture is causing more narcissism.（分数：10.00）(1).A old B changeable C young D depressed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A Epidemic B Disease C Period D Spell（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A co-author B patient
7、 C leader D officer（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A less B more C decreasing D many（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A primary B original C previous D initial（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A passive B rational C negative D positive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A criticized B illustrated C advocated D despised（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A upset B k
8、ick C irritant D stimulant（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A Then B And C Also D But（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A psychologist B archaeologist C philosopher D physicist（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A similar B different C strange D odd（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A information B result C opinion D consequence（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A
9、 weaker B faster C lower D slower（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A much B no C so D far（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A Neither B Either C Both D Each（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A tendencies B addictions C hobbies D fascinations（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A rejected B reported C accepted D published（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A receive
10、s B gets C arrives D achieves（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A amateur B fan C expert D enthusiast（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A what B whom C when D which（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Of all the areas of learning the most important is the developm
11、ent of attitudes emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. “The burnt child fears the fire“ is one instance; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both these examples also point up the fact that attitudes come from experience. In the one case
12、the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were influenced largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because ch
13、ildren acquire attitudes from those adults whose words are highly regarded by them.Another reason it is true is that pupils often devote their time to a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired lit
14、tle knowledge of Mexico his teachers method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities), science matters of he
15、alth and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom. these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions.However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them
16、. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences.To illustrate, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of ol
17、der children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be negative if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and quest
18、ions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph of the text?A An assertion is made and two examples are given to illustrate it.B A co
19、ntroversy is stated and two opposite points of view are presented.C A widely accepted definition is presented and two men are described.D An idea is stated and two results of recent research are summarized.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The central idea conveyed in the above text is thatA attitudes affect our
20、 actions.B teachers play a significant role in developing or reshaping pupils attitudes.C attitudes can be modified by some classroom experiences.D by their attitudes, teachers dont affect pupils attitudes deliberately.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In paragraph 6 the author implies thatA the teacher should g
21、uide all discussions by revealing her own attitude.B in some aspects of social studies a greater variety of methods can be used in the upper grades than in the lower grades.C people usually act on the basis of reasoning rather than on emotion.D childrens attitudes often come from those of other chil
22、dren.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A statement not made or implied in the text is thatA attitudes can be based on the learning of untrue statements.B worthwhile attitudes may be developed in practically every subject area.C attitudes cannot easily be changed by rewards and lectures.D the attitudes of element
23、ary school-aged children are influenced primarily by the way they were treated as infants.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The text specially states thatA direct experiences are more valuable than indirect ones.B whatever attitudes a child learns in school have already been introduced at home.C teachers can som
24、etimes have an unwholesome influence on children.D teachers should always conceal their own attitudes.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book-lover or merely there to buy a book as a present. You may even have entered the shop j
25、ust to find shelter from a sudden shower. But the desire to pick up a book with an attractive dust-jacket is irresistible. You soon become absorbed in some book or other, and usually it is only much later that you realize that you have spent far too much time there.This opportunity to escape the rea
26、lities of everyday life is, I think, the main attraction of a bookshop. There are not many places where it is possible to do this. A music shop is very much like a bookshop. You can wander round such places to your hearts content. If it is a good shop, no assistant will approach you with the inevita
27、ble greeting: “Can I help you, sir?“ You neednt buy anything you dont want. In a bookshop an assistant should remain in the background until you have finished browsing. Then, and only then, are his services necessary.You have to be careful not to be attracted by the variety of books in a bookshop. I
28、t is very easy to enter the shop looking for a book on, say, ancient coins and to come out carrying a copy of the latest best-selling novel and perhaps a book about brass-rubbing - something which had only vaguely interested you up till then. This volume on the subject, however, happened to be so we
29、ll illustrated and the part of the text you read proved so interesting that you just had to buy it. This sort of thing can be very dangerous. Booksellers must be both long suffering and indulgent.There is a story which wei1 illustrates this. A medical student had to read a textbook which was far too
30、 expensive for him to buy. He couldnt obtain it from the library and the only copy he could find was in his bookshop. Every afternoon, therefore, he would go along to the shop and read a little of the book at a time. One day, however, he was dismayed to find the book missing from its usual place and
31、 about to leave when he noticed the owner of the shop beckoning to him. Expecting to be reproached, he went toward him. To his surprise, the owner pointed to the book, which was tucked away in a corner. “I put it there in case anyone was tempted to buy it,“ he said, and left the delighted student to
32、 continue his reading.（分数：10.00）(1).You may spend too much time in a bookshop becauseA the dust-jackets are very attractive.B you start reading one of the books.C it is raining outside.D you have to make sure you dont buy a dull book as a present.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the text, in a good
33、 bookshopA nobody takes any notice of you.B the assistant greets you in a friendly way.C your heart is contented.D you feel that you are in a music shop.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It can be learned from the text that an assistant should offer you helpA as soon as you have entered the shop.B just before yo
34、u finish browsing.C only when you have finished reading.D when he leads you to a particular section.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author implies that it is very easy to enter a bookshop and buyA a book on ancient coins.B a best-selling novel on brass-rubbing.C a book that only vaguely interests you.D a b
35、ook that unexpectedly fascinates you.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The textbook the medical student was interested in was tucked away in a cornerA to prevent anyone from buying it.B because the medical student might take it away.C in case the medical student was tempted to buy it.D because it was a rare and
36、expensive book.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Its generally been said that history is written by the winners. This was never more true than on March 12, when the Texas board of education voted 10-5 in favour of curriculum standards that would promote conservative takes on controversial iss
37、ues in the pages of the states textbooks. The changes, expected to win final approval in May, include an increased emphasis on and sympathetic treatment of such Republican standards as the National Rifle Association and the Moral Majority. They also boast the advantage of capitalism and the role of
38、Christianity in the nations founding. Even Thomas Jeffersons profile will be reduced; some board members were less than fond of his ideas about the division of church and state.This is not Texas first such skirmish. Since the 1970s, the state has tried to drop books that were seen as too liberal or
39、anti-Christian, to omit passages on the gay-rights movement and to tone down global-warming arguments. But the nations battle over textbooks stretches back almost half a century earlier. In 1925, Tennessees Butler Act (which was abolished in 1967) made it illegal to teach “ any theory that denies th
40、e story of the Divine Creation of man as taught in the Bible. “ The Scopes “ monkey trial“ famously followed. In 1974, a clash erupted in Kanawba County, West Virginia, over the controversial writings of such authors as George or well, Arthur Miller and Allen Ginsberg, Opposition was so heated that
41、some schools were firebombed. As one of Americas largest textbook buyers, the Longhorn State has a good deal of sway over what is sold to schools nationwide. And while Napoleon may have maintained that “ history is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon, “ getting Texans t
42、o come together on the past may prove to be their Waterloo.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be learned from the first paragraph that_.A the Texas board of education voted to decide whether to teach history in schoolsB the problems of the capitalist society are criticized in the Texan textbooksC the political st
43、andard in Texan textbooks is more similar to that of the RepublicansD most Texas education board members are for the division of church and state（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “ skirmish “ (Line 1, Para.2) most probably means_.A accident B conflict C challenge D disaster（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of
44、the following is true according to the second paragraph?A The Texans hold a favourable attitude towards religion.B The Texans are sympathetic with the gay-rights movement.C It was illegal to teach religion in Tennessean schools in 1920s.D George Orwell was widely hailed by West Virginians in 1970s.（
45、分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What can be learned from the last paragraph?A Longhorn State is the largest textbook printer in the US.B The textbook choice in many American schools is affected by Longhorn State.C The Texans share the same opinion with Napoleon about past events.D The Texans would eventually re
46、ach an agreement on the choice of textbooks.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Whats the authors main purpose in writing this passage?A To describe the winners in history.B To reveal the social problem in America.C To give a brief account of Napoleons opinion.D To illustrate the textbook wars in the U. S.（分数：2.00
47、）A.B.C.D.七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler starting to talk. No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts, most kee
48、p on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill. It is only several years later, around the start of middle or junior high school, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers.Its not quite that simple. “Kids can be given the opportunities to become passionate about a subject or activity, but they cant be forced, ” says Jacquelynne Eccles, a psychology professor at the University of Michigan, who led a landmark, 25-year study examining what motiv
