1、考研英语-83 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BDirections:/BRead the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on Answer Sheet 1. In an ideal world, the nations elite schools would enroll the most qualified students. But thats not how
2、 itU (1) /U.Applicants whose parents are alums get special treatment, asU (2) /Uathletes and rich kids. Underrepresented minorities are also givenU (3) /U. Thirty years of affirmative action have changed the character ofU (4) /Uwhite universities; now about 13 percent of all undergraduates are black
3、 or Latino.U (5) /Ua recent study by the Century Foundation found that at the nations 146 mostU (6) /Uschools, 74 percent of students came from upper middle-class and wealthy families, while only about 5 percent came from families with an annual income ofU (7) /U$ 35,000 or less.Many schools say div
4、ersity-racial, economic and geographic-isU (8) /Uto maintaining intellectuallyU (9) /Ucampuses. But Richard Kahlenberg of the Century Foundation says that even though collegesU (10) /Uthey want poor kids, “they dont try very hard to find them.“U (11) /Urural students, many colleges dont try at all.
5、“Unfortunately, we go where we canU (12) /Ua sizable number of potential applicants,“ says Tulane admissions chief Richard Whiteside, whoU (13) /Uaggressively and in person-from metropolitan areas. Kids in rural areas get a glossyU (14) /Uin the mail.Even when poor rural students have theU (15) /Ufo
6、r top colleges, their high schools often dont know how to get them there. Admissions officersU (16) /Uguidance counselors to direct them to promising prospects. InU (17) /Uhigh schools, guidance counselors often have personalU (18) /Uwith both kids and admissions officers. In rural areas, a teacher,
7、 a counselor orU (19) /Uan alumnus “can help put a rural student on our radar screen,“ says Wesleyan admissions dean Nancy Meislahn. But poor rural schools rarely have collegeU (20) /Uwith those connections; without them, admission “can be a crapshoot,“ says Carnegie Mellons Steidel.（分数：10.00）A.prom
8、isesB.triesC.worksD.managesA.doB.areC.willD.beA.preferenceB.prejudiceC.prepositionD.preclusionA.strictlyB.mostlyC.generallyD.honestlyA.AndB.ButC.SoD.ThenA.excellentB.wealthyC.popularD.competitiveA.mainlyB.roughlyC.totallyD.exactlyA.accessB.basisC.keyD.solutionA.vitalB.smartC.interactiveD.functionalA
9、.claimB.affirmC.insistD.declareA.Except forB.As forC.But forD.Just forA.requireB.ensureC.locateD.generateA.admitsB.acceptsC.recallsD.recruitsA.bronzeB.broomC.browserD.brochureA.gutsB.groundsC.gradesD.guaranteesA.call onB.rely onC.try onD.hold onA.affluentB.affiliatedC.alternativeD.advancedA.innovati
10、onsB.judgmentsC.relationshipsD.suggestionsA.elseB.soC.evenD.ifA.acquaintancesB.executivesC.tutorsD.advisers二、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：40.00)BPart A/BBDirections:/BRead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet 1.BText 1/
11、BThe Catholic Church is changing in America at its most visible point: the parish church where believers pray, sing and clasp hands across pews to share the peace of God. Today there are fewer parishes and fewer priests than in 1990 and fewer of the nations 65 million Catholics in those pews. And th
12、eres no sign of return.Some blame the explosive 2002 clergy sexual abuse scandal and its financial price tag. But a study of 176 Roman Catholic dioceses shows no statistically significant link between the decline in priests and parishes and the $ 772 million the church has spent to date on dealing w
13、ith the scandal.Rather, the changes are driven by a constellation of factors:Catholics are moving from cities in the Northeast and Midwest to the suburbs, South and Southwest.For decades, so few men have become priests that one in five dioceses now cant put a priest in every parish.Mass attendance h
14、as fallen as each generation has become less religiously observant.Bishops-trained to bless, not to budget-lack the managerial skills to govern multimillion-dollar institutions.All these trends had begun years before the scandal piled on financial pressures to cover settlements, legal costs, care an
15、d counseling for victims and abusers. The Archdiocese of Boston, epicenter of the crisis, sold chancery property to cover $ 85 million in settlements last year, and this year will close 67 churches and recast 16 others as new parishes or worship sites without a full-time priest. Archbishop Sean OMal
16、ley has said the crisis and the Ureconfiguration plan/U are “in no way“ related. He cites demographic shifts, the priest shortage and aging, crumbling buildings too costly to keep up. Fargo, N. D. , which spent $ 821,000 on the abuse crisis, will close 23 parishes, but its because the diocese is sho
17、rt of more than 50 priests for its 158 parishes, some with fewer than a dozen families attending Mass.They know how this eels in Milwaukee. That archdiocese shuttered about one in five parishes from 1995 to 2003. The city consolidations “gave some people who had been driving back into the city from
18、new homes in the suburbs a chance to say they had no loyalty to a new parish and begin going to one near their home, says Noreen Welte, director of parish planning for the Milwaukee Archdiocese. “It gave some people who already were mad at the church for one reason or another an excuse to stop going
19、 altogether. “（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following reflects the change of Catholic Church?（分数：2.00）A.Fewer prayers in the church.B.Fewer pews in the parish.C.Fewer Catholics in America.D.Fewer signs in the peace of God.(2).The relationship between the first two paragraphs can be described as（分数：2.00
20、）A.the Catholic Church of the past compared with that of today.B.the problem with the Catholic Church revealed and explained.C.the reform of the catholic Church argued for and against.D.the practice of the Catholic Church introduced and condemned.(3).Attendance of the Church has declined because（分数：
21、2.00）A.there are fewer parishes and priests now.B.few Catholics observe religious rules.C.people are losing enthusiasm for religion.D.the financial pressures are overwhelming.(4).The “reconfiguration plan“(Para. 4) probably refers to（分数：2.00）A.selling the Church property.B.covering the cost of settl
22、ements.C.shutting and remolding churches.D.keeping up crumbling buildings.(5).Noreen Welte seems to suggest that some people（分数：2.00）A.had difficulty adopting a new parish.B.preferred to go to the church near their home.C.disliked the church for several reasons.D.meant to escape the church.BText 2/B
23、House-price falls are gathering momentum and are spreading across the UK, according to a monthly poll of surveyors which on Monday delivered its gloomiest reading for nearly 12 years.Fifty-six per cent of surveyors contacted by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors reported price falls in the
24、 three months to October. Only 3 per cent saw prices rise in their area, compared with 58 per cent as recently as May.There was further evidence of slowing activity in the property market as the number of sales per surveyor dived to a nine-year low. Unsold stock on agents books has increased 10 per
25、cent since the summer. Ian Perry, Rics national housing spokesman, said it was now very clear that buyers were unsettled by higher interest rates.The Bank of England raised rates five times to 4. 75 per cent over the last year to cool the property boom.But he also blamed comments by Mervyn King, the
26、 Banks governor, and misleading media headlines for “injecting additional uncertainty into the market by continued speculation over more serious price declines“.“Mervyn King presumably felt that he had to be more explicit in the summer when people were still buying. His warnings of a drop in propert
27、y prices then have had the desired effect.“But our concern now is that Uthe pendulum is swinging too far,/U“ be said.Last week, the Banks monetary policy committee predicted for the first time that “house prices may fall modestly for a period“ in its November inflation report. The Nationwide and Hal
28、ifax mortgage lenders both showed a modest monthly decline in house prices in their latest loan approval data.Although the majority of surveyors expect prices to fall further in the next three months, Mr. Perry stressed there were signs of stabilizing demand from buyers in London.“London tends to be
29、 ahead of the rest of the market. And agents are telling us that more people are looking to buy. It is much better than it was,“ Mr. Perry said.However, falling prices continued to spread from the South of England as surveyors reported the first clear decline in prices in Yorkshire and the Humber, t
30、he north and the north west. Scotland remained the only region with rising prices.（分数：10.00）(1).We learn from the passage that（分数：2.00）A.the present house price falls are at most a momentary phenomenon.B.the property market is experiencing its most depressing time over the decade.C.58 percent of sur
31、veyprs contacted started to encounter house price falls in May.D.Rics widely-followed headline indicator began to fall since Dec. 1992.(2).Paragraphs 2 and 3 are written to（分数：2.00）A.justify the authors observation in the first paragraph.B.contrast the present situation with that in the past.C.highl
32、ight the discouraging situation of home market.D.explain the reasons of slowing activity in the market.(3).By “the pendulum is swinging too far“, Ian Perry probably means（分数：2.00）A.the number of houses sold by each agent is the lowest in history.B.the house market is bound to suffer because of the h
33、igh interest rates.C.both Mr. King and the media worried too much over the price falls.D.the Bank and the media are helping push the house prices further down.(4).In terms of the future of the property market, Mr. Perry seems（分数：2.00）A.optimistic.B.uncertain.C.pessimistic.D.indifferent.(5).The autho
34、r probably believes that（分数：2.00）A.the house-price falls may continue for a while.B.peoples uncertainty about the market is ungrounded.C.there was always exception to the rule of rising prices.D.people are certainly ready to buy more than before.BText 3/BFiercely independent, 90 year-old Vincenzia R
35、inaldi wouldnt consider a home health aide or nursing home. So Louis Critelli, her nephew had to coax the widowed homemaker into assisted living, the nations growing long-term care option for the elderly. For $1, 100 a month, Rinaldi became the reluctant resident of an efficiency unit where she coul
36、d still simmer her much-loved tomato sauce and where caregivers would make sure she took her pills.Instead, 30 months later, she died. Not because she was old. But because aides at her new home, Loretto Utica Center, one of the modern, hotel-style facilities that have sprouted across the country ove
37、r the past decade, mistakenly gave her another residents prescription medication. That error led to her death, state inspectors concluded.Neither the state nor Loretto told her nephew about the cause of death. Critelli, thinking his aunt had been properly cared for, only learned of the finding years
38、 later from USA TODAY. “When they find something blatant like that, youd think theyd tell the family,“ the shaken nephew told a reporter after a long pause.A USA TODAY investigation shows that Rinaldis death represents the tragic extreme in a pattern of mistakes and violations that lead to scores of
39、 injuries and occasional deaths among the estimated 1 million elderly residents of assisted living facilities. The centers are the state regulated, largely private-pay residences that help seniors with medication and other activities of daily life.In a wide ranging analysis, USA TODAY reviewed two y
40、ears of inspection records within 2000-02 for more than 5,300 assisted living facilities in seven states: Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Indiana, New York and Texas. The precise time period varied slightly from state to state. The analysis covered a broad range-from mom-and-pop facilities with
41、 just a few residents to corporate run centers with scores of beds and many levels of care. It is the first time such data have been gathered and analyzed across so many states. The review included less-detailed data from five other states and focused on broad quality-of-care categories to compensat
42、e for variations in regulations from state to state.As affluent and middle-class Americans cope with the infirmities of age, many turn to assisted living as an alternative to a nursing home industry that has been periodically plagued by abuse or neglect scandals. Even though assisted living faciliti
43、es generally dont provide 24- hour skilled medical care, they increasingly serve seniors who only a decade ago might have been in nursing homes.（分数：10.00）(1).The first paragraph implies that（分数：2.00）A.life in the nursing homes is largely regulated by caregivers.B.old people are very much unsatisfied
44、 with life cared by a home health aide.C.Rinaldi knew better than to live in an efficiency unit with caregivers.D.the nations long-term care options for the elderly are limited.(2).Critellis response to the real cause of her aunts death was（分数：2.00）A.disbelief.B.indignation.C.disapproval.D.intensity
45、.(3).The author mentioned Rinaldis death in the text in order to（分数：2.00）A.show sympathy for Critellis misfortune.B.reveal problems in assisted living facilities.C.demonstrate inefficiency of caretakers.D.exhibit the reliability of USA TODAY.(5).We learn from the text that（分数：2.00）A.nursing home ind
46、ustry will ultimately disappear from the society.B.24 hour skilled medical care will come into being in the near future.C.assisted living is the first choice for many seniors with a good income.D.serious problems have always accompanied the assisted living units.BText 4/BYou could benefit from flipp
47、ing through the pages of I Cant Believe You Asked That, a book by author Phillip Milano thats subtitled, A No-Holds-Barred Q now about 13 percent of all undergraduates are black or Latino.U (5) /Ua recent study by the Century Foundation found that at the nations 146 mostU (6) /Uschools, 74 percent o
48、f students came from upper middle-class and wealthy families, while only about 5 percent came from families with an annual income ofU (7) /U$ 35,000 or less.Many schools say diversity-racial, economic and geographic-isU (8) /Uto maintaining intellectuallyU (9) /Ucampuses. But Richard Kahlenberg of the Century Foundation says that even though collegesU (10) /Uthey want poor kids, “they dont try very hard to find them.“U (11) /Urural students, many colleges dont try at all. “Unfortunately, we go where we canU (12) /Ua sizable number of p
