1、考研英语-982 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)College sports in the United States are a huge deal. Almost all major American universities have football, baseball, basketball and hockey programs, and (1) millions of dollars each year to sports. Most of them earn millions (2)
2、 as well, in television revenues, sponsorships. They also benefit (3) from the added publicity they get via their teams. Big-name universities (4) each other in the most popular sports. Football games at Michigan regularly (5) crowds of over 20,000. Basketballs national collegiate championship game
3、is a TV (6) on a par with any other sporting event in the United States, (7) perhaps the Super Bowl itself. At any given time during fall or winter one can (8) ones TV set and see the top athletic programsfrom schools like Michigan, UCLA, Duke and Stanford (9) in front of packed houses and national
4、TV audiences.The athletes themselves are (10) and provided with scholarships. College coaches identify (11) teenagers and then go into high schools to (12) the countrys best players to attend their universities. There are strict rules about (13) coaches can recruitno recruiting calls after 9 p. m.,
5、only one official visit to a campusbut they are often bent and sometimes (14) . Top college football programs (15) scholarships to 20 or 30 players each year, and those student-athletes, when they arrive (16) campus, receive free housing, tuition, meals, books, etc.In return, the players (17) the pr
6、ogram in their sport. Football players at top colleges (18) two hours a day, four days a week from January to April. In summer, its back to strength and agility training four days a week until mid-August, when camp (19) and prepares for the opening of the September-to-December season begins (20) . D
7、uring the season, practice, s last two or three hours a day from Tuesday to Friday. Saturday is game day. Mondays are an officially mandated day of rest.（分数：10.00）(1).A. attribute B. distribute C. devote D. attach（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. out B. by C. in D. back（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. apparently B. in
8、directly C. regularly D. greatly（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. compete for B. compete in C. compete against D. compete over（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. draw B. amuse C. govern D. handle（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. spectator B. spectacle C. spectrum D. speculation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. save B. including C. even D. a
9、nd（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. flick on B. flap at C. fling away D. flush out（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. fighting B. campaigning C. battling D. contesting（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. recruited B. reconciled C. rectified D. reserved（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. promising B. pleasing C. prominent D. professional（分数：0.5
10、0）A.B.C.D.(12).A. contrive B. convince C. convert D. convict（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. which B. what C. how D. whether（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. ignored B. neglected C. remembered D. noticed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. offer B. afford C. prize D. reward（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. in B. on C. at D. around（分数：0.
11、50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. commit themselves to B. commit themselves onC. commute themselves to D. comply themselves to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. work in B. work out C. work over D. work off（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. recalls B. enlists C. convenes D. collects（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. in principle B. in confidenc
12、e C. in name D. in earnest（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The film-awards season, which reaches its tearful climax with the Oscars next week, has long been only loosely related to the film business. Hollywood is dedicated to the art
13、of funneling teenagers past popcorn stands, not art itself. But this years awards are less relevant than ever. The true worth of a film is no longer decided by the crowd that assembles in the Kodak Theatreor, indeed, by any American. It is decided by youngsters in countries such as Russia, China and
14、 Brazil.Hollywood has always been an international business, but it is becoming dramatically more so. In the past decade total box-office spending has risen by about one-third in North America while more than doubling elsewhere. Thanks to Harry Potter, Sherlock Holmes and “Inception“, Warner Bros ma
15、de $2.93 billion outside North America last year smashing the studios previous record of $2.24 billion. Falling DVD sales in America, by far the worlds biggest home-entertainment market, mean Hollywood is even more dependent on foreign punters.The rising foreign tide has lifted films that were virtu
16、ally written off in America, such as “Prince of Persia“ and “The Chronicles of Namia: the Voyage of the Dawn Treader“. Despite starring the popular Jack Black, “Gullivers Travels“ had a disappointing run in North America, taking $42 million at the box office so far. But strong tumout in Russia and S
17、outh Korea helped it reach almost $150 million in sales elsewhere. As a result, it should turn a profit, says John Davis, the films producer.The growth of the international box office is partly a result of the dollars weakness. It was also helped by “Avatar“, an eco-fantasy that made a startling $ 2
18、 billion outside North America. But three things are particularly important: a cinema boom in the emerging world, a concerted effort by the major studios to make films that might play well outside America and a global marketing push to make sure they do.Russia, with its shrinking teenage population,
19、 is an unlikely spot for a box-office boom. Yet cinema-building is proceeding apace, and supply has created demand. Last year 160 million cinema tickets were sold in Russiathe first time in recent years that sales have exceeded the countrys population. Ticket prices have risen, in part because the n
20、ew cinemas are superior, with digital projectors that can show 3D films. The big Hollywood studios are muscling domestic film-makers aside. In 2007 American films made almost twice as much at the Russian box office as domestic films8.3 billion roubles ($325 million) compared with 4.5 billion. Last y
21、ear the imported stuff made some 16.4 billion roubles: more than five times as much as the home-grown product, estimates Movie Research, a Moscow outfit. Earlier this month Vladimir Putin, Russias Prime Minister, said the government would spend less money supporting Russian film-makers and more on e
22、xpanding the number of screens.（分数：10.00）(1).We can learn from Paragraph 1 that _.A. film awards are not relevant to the film businessB. Hollywood tries its best to attract teenagers to pass popcorn standsC. the true worth of a film is decided by Russia, China and BrazilD. Oscar will reach its tearf
23、ul climax next week（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “punter“ (Line 6, Para, 2) most probably means _.A. movie B. business C. studio D. customer（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).How much did “Gullivers Travels“ take at the box office outside North America?A. $42 million. B. $180 million.C. Almost $192 million. D. Al
24、most $150 million.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following may NOT be the reason for the growth of the international box office?A. Major studios employ global marketing to make films.B. Cinema is developing rapidly in the emerging world.C. “Avatar“ made great profit outside North America.D. The d
25、ollar is devaluated.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?A. Cinema develops rapidly in Russia while American films impact Russian domestic films greatly.B. American films are more successful at the Russian box office than domestic films.C. Cinema-building creates demand so that
26、more Russian teenagers go to cinema.D. Russian government would spend more on expanding the number of cinemas.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Its not that we thought things were fine. Its just that this year there were no fixes to the messes we madeno underwater off-well caps, no AIG bailou
27、ts, no reuniting the island castaways in a church and sending them to heaven. We had to idly watch things completely fall apart, making us feel so pathetic that planking seemed like a cool thing to do. This was the year of the meltdown.If a meltdown could happen at a nuclear reactor in Japana countr
28、y so obsessed with keeping up to date that its citizens annually get new cell phones and a new Prime Ministerwe should have known we were all doomed. Meltdowns happened to the most unlikely victims. Everyone was so vulnerable to meltdowns that even Canadians rioted, though they did it only so the re
29、st of the world wouldnt feel bad about their riots.It didnt take a tsunami; anything could trigger a meltdown. Greece, a country so economically insignificant that its biggest global financial contribution to this century was that Nia Vardalos movie, sent the entire European economy into a meltdown.
30、 A meltdown of both the U. S. credit rating and Congresss approval rating was unleashed over raising the debt ceiling, something so routine and boring. Sometimes, it didnt take an actual sexual affair to ruin your promising political career.Sometimes, crises sprang out of tiny mistakes that usually
31、have no consequences whatsoever, like that day in college when you went to a protest, charged a couple more things on your nearly maxed-out credit card and drunkenly told the pizza guy with all the dumb ideas that he should totally run for President. Well, when the entire country does that at once,
32、you get a meltdown.There was even a meltdown of the once powerful American middle class. A year ago ours was still a country that pretended there was no class system, where rich people all called themselves “upper-middle class“. Now we are full-on feudal, with an angry 99% and a 1% who actually unde
33、rstand the things which the 99% are inarticulately complaining about. The meltdown itself melted down when Occupy Wall Street protesters and police couldnt agree on lawn care.Its too late to cool the rods. We are either going to abandon the old structures altogethernuclear power, the euro, Arab secu
34、lar role, unregulated capitalismor wait a really long time for things to get better. We are finally going to have to choose between our modern love of constant drama and our modem laziness. I know which Im betting on. Laziness has a really high melting point.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, wh
35、at could we do about the messes we made?A. We could spare our effort to change them. B. We could watch things fall apart leisurely.C. We were incapable of doing anything. D. We could stay cool in face of messes.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is true of the second paragraph?A. Japanese f
36、all victims to meltdowns easily.B. Japanese rarely change cell phones and Prime Ministers.C. Canadians riot because the rest of the world wouldnt feel bad about their riots.D. Everyone could become victim of themselves.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word “unleashed“ (line 4, Para 3) is closest in meaning
37、to _.A. triggered off B. recovered C. realized D. restated（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What do the 1% people know according to Paragraph 5?A. They know that rich people are called “upper-middle class“ in their country.B. They know what the 99% are not satisfied with.C. They know that there is no class syste
38、m in their country.D. They know that their country is completely feudal.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Regarding all the meltdowns happening in the world this year, the author feels _.A. indifferent B. optimistic C. pessimistic D. puzzled（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Defenders of special protective
39、 labor legislation for women often maintain that eliminating such laws would destroy the fruits of a century long struggle for the protection of women workers. Even a brief examination of the historic practice of courts and employers would show that the fruit of such laws has been bitter; they are,
40、in practice, more of a curse than a blessing.Sex defined protective laws have often been based on stereotypical assumptions concerning womens needs and abilities, and employers have frequently used them as legal excuses for discriminating against women. After the Second World War, for example, busin
41、esses and government sought to persuade women to vacate jobs in factories, thus making room in the labor force for returning veterans. The revival or passage of state laws limiting the daily or weekly work hours of women conveniently accomplished this. Employers had only to declare that overtime hou
42、rs were a necessary condition of employment or promotion in their factory, and women could be quite legally fired, refused jobs, or kept at low wage levels, all in the name of “protecting“ their health. By validating such laws when they are challenged by lawsuits, the courts have colluded over the y
43、ears in establishing different, less advantageous employment terms for women than for men, thus reducing womens competitiveness on the job market. At the same time, even the most well intentioned lawmakers, courts, and employers have often been blind to the real needs of women. The lawmakers and the
44、 courts continue to permit employers to offer employee health insurance plans that cover all known human medical disabilities except those relating to pregnancy and childbirth.Finally, labor laws protecting only special groups are often ineffective at protecting the workers who are actually in the w
45、orkplace. Some chemicals, for example, pose reproductive risks for women of childbearing years; manufacturers using the chemicals comply with laws protecting women against these hazards by refusing to hire them. Thus the sex defined legislation protects the hypothetical female worker, but has no eff
46、ect whatever on the safety of any actual employee. The health risks to male employees in such industries cannot be negligible, since chemicals toxic enough to cause birth defects in fetuses or sterility in women are presumably harmful to the human metabolism. Protective laws aimed at changing produc
47、tion materials or techniques in order to reduce such hazards would benefit all employees without discriminating against any.In sum, protective labor laws for women are discriminatory and do not meet their intended purpose. Legislators should recognize that women are in the work force to stay, and th
48、at their needsgood health care, a decent wage, and a safe workplaceare the needs of all workers. Laws that ignore these facts violate womens rights for equal protection in employment.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, which of the following resulted from the passage or revival of state laws limi
49、ting the work hours of women workers?A. Women workers were compelled to leave their jobs in factories.B. Many employers had difficulty in providing jobs for returning veterans.C. Many employers found it hard to attract women workers.D. The health of most women factory workers improved.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the first paragraph of the passage, the author considers which of the following to be most helpful in determining the .value of special protective labor legislation for women?A.A comparative study of patterns of work
