1、考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 72 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children
2、, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the damage can be. Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the University of Calgary performed the first longterm study on the【C1】_of hunger on general health,【C2】_children from birth to 21 years. Most studies to date have【C3】_only snapshots
3、 of childhood health,【C4】_the short-term impact of hunger【C5】_a period of time. In the new analysis, the scientists found that children who went hungry at least once in their lives were 2i-times more likely to have【C6】_overall health 10 to 15 years later, compared with those who never had to【C7】_foo
4、d. “Our research shows that hunger and food insecurity are really damaging【C8】_children“s life chances,“ says lead author Sharon Kirkpatrick, a visiting fellow at NCI. The study supports earlier findings that【C9】_episodes of hunger are more likely to cause ill health than an isolated experience of s
5、tarvation: children in Kirkpatrick“s analysis who experienced two or more periods of hunger were more than four times as likely to report ill health than those who never went hungry. The relationship, she says, remained strong even after the team accounted【C10】_other factors that could influence hea
6、lth, such as age, sex and household characteristics like income. 【C11】_one experience of hunger can have lasting effects on a child“s health, a fact that is especially troubling in light of the sobering rise in U.S. households that were【C12】_to do without food in 2008: 15% of American families repor
7、ted some【C13】_in the amount or quality of food they consumed,【C14】_from 11% the previous year. 15 this study did not probe into the【C16】_mechanism by which hunger affects long-term health, Kirkpatrick【C17】_that both psychological and physiological factors may be at work. Aside from the obvious negat
8、ive impact that missing key nutrients and calories can have on growth and development, she says, the psychological【C18】_of food insecuritynot being able to afford a【C19】_and high-quality source of foodcan be【C20】_to youngsters as well.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.possibilitiesB.reasonsC.effectsD.dis
9、advantages(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.sustainingB.trackingC.trainingD.supervising(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.expressedB.confirmedC.inferredD.offered(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.identifyingB.requiringC.assessingD.illustrating(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.overB.throughC.onD.at(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.poorB.weakC.perfectD.sound(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.
10、fight forB.go withoutC.live onD.deal with(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.in contrast withB.in front ofC.in case ofD.in terms of(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.smallB.surplusC.endlessD.multiple(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.byB.toC.forD.with(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.EvenB.HenceC.ButD.Only(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.poweredB.exposedC.adaptedD.force
11、d(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.complaintB.compromiseC.complementsD.confidence(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.downB.offC.upD.through(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.OnceB.IfC.WhileD.Unless(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.specificB.advancedC.continualD.eternal(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.convincesB.concludesC.speculatesD.doubts(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.caus
12、eB.stressC.crisisD.distress(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.peculiarB.criticalC.differentD.consistent(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.visibleB.aggressiveC.harmfulD.significantAustralian children are visiting social media websites at an increasingly younger age, a new survey suggests, with one in five “tweens“ (children bet
13、ween the ages of about 10 and 14) admitting they have chatted to someone online they do not know. The report “Tweens, Teens and Technology“ by online security company McAfee found that children in the tweens age【C1】_of 8 to 12 were【C2】_technology faster than expected, with 67 percent using a social
14、media website【C3】_the age eligibility for Facebook being 13, one in four (26 percent)【C4】_using the site although 95 percent said they had their parents“【C5】_to do so. The most【C6】_site for tweens was Skype (used by 28 percent),【C7】_children were also using Instagram, according to the survey of 500
15、youngsters geographically【C8】_of Australia“s online population.【C9】_the survey found that one in five tweens (19 percent) said they chatted to someone online that they did not know,【C10】_seven percent said they had shared personal information. Australia“s Communications Minister Stephen Conroy said
16、it was【C11】_that children talk to strangers online. “It shows we must remain【C12】_to online threats,“ he said. The findings suggest the age at which children first use social media is【C13】_, given a 2012 McAfee survey of teens aged 13-17 found the average age they opened their first social network【C
17、14】_was 13. On average, tweens were using three or four devices that can be Internet【C15】_, with 66 percent of them【C16】_mobile phones and/or tablets. Fifty-four percent said they used a tablet for more than an hour a day. Most tweens use their devices to【C17】_the Internet, and on average spend abou
18、t 1.5 hours a day browsing the web, the survey said. “Both parents and schools are encouraged to keep a close【C18】_on their child“s online behavior to ensure they have safe online【C19】_,“ said Andrew Littleproud, president of McAfee Asia-Pacific. “By working closely with child psychologists, we have
19、 seen that online behaviors firmly set in the tween age group so active education is【C20】_within eight to 12 age bracket.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.structureB.gapC.categoryD.limit(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.adoptingB.innovatingC.adaptingD.transferring(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.ForB.DespiteC.DuringD.By(4).【C4】（分数：
20、2.00）A.opposed toB.cared aboutC.admitted toD.failed in(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.wishB.rightC.choiceD.permission(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.popularB.convenientC.advancedD.authoritative(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.orC.butD.so(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.independentB.representativeC.criticalD.characteristic(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.While
21、B.YetC.WhenD.If(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.almostB.withoutC.stillD.only(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.amazingB.tiringC.troublingD.frightening(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.unknownB.alertC.silentD.careful(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.fallingB.extendingC.risingD.shortening(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.emailB.shopC.securityD.account(15).【C15】（分数：
22、2.00）A.fundedB.touchedC.enabledD.confined(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.focusing onB.opting forC.keeping toD.applying for(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.accessB.shareC.assessD.avoid(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.moveB.contactC.monitorD.control(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.gamesB.transactionsC.experiencesD.friends(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.eleme
23、ntaryB.controversialC.adventurousD.critical考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 72 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Going hungry is a major contribut
24、or to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the damage can be. Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the University of Calgary performed the first longterm study on the【C1】_of hunger on general health,【C2】_children from birth to 21 years.
25、 Most studies to date have【C3】_only snapshots of childhood health,【C4】_the short-term impact of hunger【C5】_a period of time. In the new analysis, the scientists found that children who went hungry at least once in their lives were 2i-times more likely to have【C6】_overall health 10 to 15 years later,
26、 compared with those who never had to【C7】_food. “Our research shows that hunger and food insecurity are really damaging【C8】_children“s life chances,“ says lead author Sharon Kirkpatrick, a visiting fellow at NCI. The study supports earlier findings that【C9】_episodes of hunger are more likely to caus
27、e ill health than an isolated experience of starvation: children in Kirkpatrick“s analysis who experienced two or more periods of hunger were more than four times as likely to report ill health than those who never went hungry. The relationship, she says, remained strong even after the team accounte
28、d【C10】_other factors that could influence health, such as age, sex and household characteristics like income. 【C11】_one experience of hunger can have lasting effects on a child“s health, a fact that is especially troubling in light of the sobering rise in U.S. households that were【C12】_to do without
29、 food in 2008: 15% of American families reported some【C13】_in the amount or quality of food they consumed,【C14】_from 11% the previous year. 15 this study did not probe into the【C16】_mechanism by which hunger affects long-term health, Kirkpatrick【C17】_that both psychological and physiological factors
30、 may be at work. Aside from the obvious negative impact that missing key nutrients and calories can have on growth and development, she says, the psychological【C18】_of food insecuritynot being able to afford a【C19】_and high-quality source of foodcan be【C20】_to youngsters as well.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分
31、数：2.00）A.possibilitiesB.reasonsC.effects D.disadvantages解析：解析：从第一段主题段可知，本文主要讨论饥饿对儿童健康的危害结果。故选 C 项 effects“影响”，以呼应首段的 damage。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.sustainingB.tracking C.trainingD.supervising解析：解析：从本句的主干成分 perform the first long-term study(进行了首次长期研究)和后面的时间状语 from birth to 21 years(刚出生起直到 21 岁)可知，该项研究长期跟
32、踪记录了孩子的情况。故选B 项 tracking“追踪，监测”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.expressedB.confirmedC.inferredD.offered 解析：解析：空格处填入谓语。表明 Most studies(大多数研究)与 snapshots(快照，这里指童年健康的概况)。故选 D 项 offered“提供”，offer snapshots“提供概况”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.identifyingB.requiringC.assessing D.illustrating解析：解析：空格要填入的动词与宾语 the short-term impac
33、t of hunger(饥饿的短期影响)搭配，其逻辑主语为 Most studies，可推测该动词有“研究”之意。C 项 assessing“评估”代入后意为“评估饥饿的短期影响”。符合逻辑。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.over B.throughC.onD.at解析：解析：空格后的 a period of time(一段时间)为持续的时间段，故选 A 项 over“在期间”。强调事件的发生贯穿于整个这个时间段。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.poor B.weakC.perfectD.sound解析：解析：第一段指出饥饿会对儿童健康产生长期不良影响，那么生活中至少挨过一次饿的
34、儿童长大后的健康状况应该也会不太好。空格处的词应可以回指首段中的 ill，故答案应为 A 项 poor“差的”，poor health“健康欠佳”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.fight forB.go without C.live onD.deal with解析：解析：本句是对两种人进行了比较，一种是那些生活中至少挨过一次饿的，那么另一种应该是没有挨过饿的。故选 B 项 go without“没有”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.in contrast withB.in front ofC.in case ofD.in terms of 解析：解析：空格前指出“研究显示饥饿
35、和食品危机危害非常大”，根据上下文语义可判断空格后的childrens life chances 应为受到 damaging 的对象。故选 D 项 in terms of“就而言，在方面”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.smallB.surplusC.endlessD.multiple 解析：解析：空格所在句的 than 表明其前后成分为对比，than 后面为 an isolated experience，相对应的 episodes of hunger 应为多次的状况，并能对应冒号后用于进一步解释本句的 two ormore periods of hunger。故选 D 项 multi
36、ple“多个的”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.byB.toC.for D.with解析：解析：account for“说明”是固定搭配，此处意为“对其他因素做了解释”。故选 C 项 for。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.Even B.HenceC.ButD.Only解析：解析：上一段提到“有过两次或多次饥饿经历的儿童比从来没有挨过饿的儿童身体状况差了四倍”，此处提到一次饥饿的经历也会对孩子的健康有深远的影响。前后在意义上为递进关系，故选 A 项Even“甚至”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.poweredB.exposedC.adaptedD.forced
37、 解析：解析：a fact 指代前半句 one experienceon a childs health(一次饥饿的经历也会对孩子的健康带来持久的影响)，而空格所在的 that 从句则修饰 UShouseholds 的定语从句，描述这些家庭的性质。对于任何一个家庭，do without food(挨饿)都是不得已的事情，故选 D 项 forced“被迫”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.complaintB.compromise C.complementsD.confidence解析：解析：本句位于冒号后用于进一步解释主句中所提到的 UShouseholdsto do without
38、food(很多美国家庭挨饿)，意味着他们不得不减少食物数量和质量，故选 B 项compromise“妥协”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.downB.offC.up D.through解析：解析：前半句提到的美豳家庭比例为 15，空格后的数字为 11，相比较而言，前者数量有所增加，故选 C 项 up。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.OnceB.IfC.While D.Unless解析：解析：前半句指出这项研究没有做深入的研究，后半句指出科克帕垂克认为心理和生理双重因素都在起作用。前后含有让步关系，选 C 项 While“虽然”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.s
39、pecific B.advancedC.continualD.eternal解析：解析：从空格后的从句引导词 by which 可知句子讨论的是“饥饿以何种机制对健康造成长期影响”。空格处形容词应能和后半句 psychological and physiological factors 这两种因素呼应，说明饥饿是以一种特定的方式长期影响健康。A 项 specific“特有的”符合语义。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.convincesB.concludesC.speculates D.doubts解析：解析：前半句谈到研究没有对做深入的研究，后半句提到两个因素。根据后面的 maybe
40、 可知，这两个因素很可能是科克帕垂克推测的因素，故选 C 项 speculates“推测”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.causeB.stress C.crisisD.distress解析：解析：上句谈到饥饿对健康造成长期影响，有生理和心理因素。空格所在的前半句谈论的是生理因素，故此处为心理因素。B 项 stress“压力”与 psychological 搭配指“心理压力”，符合句子逻辑。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.peculiarB.criticalC.differentD.consistent 解析：解析：空格后的 and 表明了所填入的单词与 high-qua
41、lity(高质量的)意义相近，应为褒义词，共同修饰 source of food(食物的来源)。故选 D 项 consistent“始终如一的”。指持续提供高质量的食物来源。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.visibleB.aggressiveC.harmful D.significant解析：解析：根据上半句 Aside from the obvious negative impact(除了明显的负面影响)以及 not being able to afford(无法提供)可知，此处应填入具有贬义色彩的单词。故选 C 项harmful“有害的”。Australian children
42、 are visiting social media websites at an increasingly younger age, a new survey suggests, with one in five “tweens“ (children between the ages of about 10 and 14) admitting they have chatted to someone online they do not know. The report “Tweens, Teens and Technology“ by online security company McA
43、fee found that children in the tweens age【C1】_of 8 to 12 were【C2】_technology faster than expected, with 67 percent using a social media website【C3】_the age eligibility for Facebook being 13, one in four (26 percent)【C4】_using the site although 95 percent said they had their parents“【C5】_to do so. Th
44、e most【C6】_site for tweens was Skype (used by 28 percent),【C7】_children were also using Instagram, according to the survey of 500 youngsters geographically【C8】_of Australia“s online population.【C9】_the survey found that one in five tweens (19 percent) said they chatted to someone online that they di
45、d not know,【C10】_seven percent said they had shared personal information. Australia“s Communications Minister Stephen Conroy said it was【C11】_that children talk to strangers online. “It shows we must remain【C12】_to online threats,“ he said. The findings suggest the age at which children first use so
46、cial media is【C13】_, given a 2012 McAfee survey of teens aged 13-17 found the average age they opened their first social network【C14】_was 13. On average, tweens were using three or four devices that can be Internet【C15】_, with 66 percent of them【C16】_mobile phones and/or tablets. Fifty-four percent
47、said they used a tablet for more than an hour a day. Most tweens use their devices to【C17】_the Internet, and on average spend about 1.5 hours a day browsing the web, the survey said. “Both parents and schools are encouraged to keep a close【C18】_on their child“s online behavior to ensure they have safe online【C19】_,“ said Andrew Littleproud, president of McAfee Asia-Pacific. “By working closely with child psychologists, we have seen that online behaviors firmly set in the tween age group so active education is【C20】_within eight to 12 age bracket.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）
