1、北京成人本科英语真题 2012 年 05 月(A 卷)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：3，分数：15.00)Passage 1 Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage. The most famous collections of fairy tales (童话) are the ones by Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm. The Grimms published their first fairy-tale collection in
2、 1812. They didnt think they were writing for children. They thought they were preserving disappearing German folk culture. Their first edition (版本) was a scholarly book that carefully recorded the oral tales. They were surprised when some of their early readers suggested that the stories might be i
3、nteresting to children. But the Grimms needed money. They had made a bad deal with their publisher and received little payment for their first book. At one point Wilhelm complained there wasnt a chair in his house one could sit on without worrying it would break. So he took the hint and set to work
4、to make a book that would be suitable for children. He selected a few of the tales, made them much longer, and polished up the language. He didnt add morals, but he did slip in character judgements and moralizing comments wherever he could. The Grimms Fairy Tales also have one characteristic that wo
5、uld seem to make them unsuitable for children. Many of them include violent incidents. In Hansel and Grete, an old woman is burned to death in an oven, and in Little Red Riding Hood a child is eaten by a wolf. When he revised the tales for children, Wilhelm Grimm retained the violence. In fact, he s
6、ometimes even ramped it up. For example, in the first edition of the tales, Cindrealla forgives her sisters at the end. Its only in the second edition, the one intended for children, that her birds peck (啄) out their eyes. Why, then, have The Grimms Fairy Tales become classic of childrens literature
7、, so much so that it is hard to imagine a child who doesnt know Cinderellas story or Snow Whites? One answer is that only a few of the tales survived into modem times. The first edition of The Grimms Fairy Tales had 210 tales. By 1825 it was down to 50. And today only a dozen or so of the tales are
8、often reprinted in childrens collections. (76) But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives. （分数：5.00）(1). Why did Wilhelm Grimm set out to adapt his book for children? （分数：1.00）A.To deal
9、with readers complaintsB.To improve his financial situation.C.At the request of his publisherD.To preserve the ancient stories in print.(2).When revising the fairy tales, Wilhelm did all of the following EXCEPT _. （分数：1.00）A.adding character judgmentsB.making the tales much longerC.deleting the viol
10、ent scenesD.polishing up the language(3).What does the expression “ramped it up“ in Paragraph 3 probably mean? （分数：1.00）A.Started.B.Allowed.C.ClassifiedD.Increased.(4).Which of the following statements about the Grimms fairy tales is TRUE according to the passage? （分数：1.00）A.They were originally int
11、ended to be childrens stories.B.Generally speaking, the tales that have endured can help children deal with the challenges life bring to them.C.A large number of the tales made it to the modern age.D.They are less violent than the childrens stories being written today.(5).What is the passage mainly
12、concerned with? （分数：1.00）A.History of fairy tales.B.Ways to preserve the oral tradition.C.The Grimms fairy tales.D.Violence in fairy tales.Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage. As the school year kicks off, parents are once again struggling to cajole (哄骗) and, if need be, d
13、rag their exhausted teens out of bed. That image may make you laugh, but lack of sleep is no joke. (77) Teenagers who dont get enough rest have more learning, health, behavior and mood problems than students who get at least nine hours a night. Long-term lack of sleep is tied to heart disease, overw
14、eight, depression and a shortened life span in adults, indicating the importance of establishing good sleep habits early in life. Lack of sleep can be especially deadly for teens; car accidents are the leading cause of death among teenagers, and safety experts believe sleepy driving is a major facto
15、r. Unfortunately, few teenagers get the sleep they need. In a survey of middle-school and high-school students, University of Colorado researchers found that 82 percent said they woke up tied and unrefreshed, and more than half had trouble concentrating during the day at least once a week. Blame mul
16、titasking for some of this. Many students are juggling after-school activities, homework and part-time jobs. Even when they manage to fulfill these obligations by a reasonable hour, television, the internet, video games, phone calls and text message to friends often keep them awake deep into the nig
17、ht. Taking soda and energy drinks late in the day and going to late-night parties on weekends add to sleep debt. Biology also works against teenagers sleep. Their bodys internal clock, which controls when a person starts to feel tired, shifts after puberty (青春期), making it hard for most teens to fal
18、l asleep before 11 pm. Class usually beings before 8:15 am., with many high schools starting at 7:15 am. To get to school on time, most teens have to get up by 6:30 am, guaranteeing theyll be sleep-deprived during the week. Teens often sleep much later on weekends to catch up, making it even harder
19、to fall asleep on Sunday night and wake up Monday morning. Playing catch-up on weekends also doesnt help teens stay refreshed when they need it most: during the week at school. Since the 1990s, middle and high school in more than two dozen states have experimented with later school start times. (78)
20、 The results have been encouraging: more sleep, increased attendance, better grades and fewer driving accidents. But most school still start early, meaning teens have their work cut out for them if they want to get enough sleep. （分数：5.00）(1). According to the passage, poor sleep can be linked to all
21、 of the following EXCEPT _. （分数：1.00）A.heart diseaseB.car accidentsC.skin problemsD.poor concentration(2).The main idea of Paragraph 3 is _. （分数：1.00）A.how sleep deprivation (缺乏) can be treatedB.what causes sleep deprivationC.who is most at risk for sleep deprivationD.why sleep deprivation is a seri
22、ous concern(3). What does the word “juggling“ in Paragragph 3 probably mean? （分数：1.00）A.Dealing with at the same timeB.Striking a balance betweenC.Weekend catch-up sleepD.Healthy diet(4).Which of the following is NOT to blame for teenager lack of sleep? （分数：1.00）A.MultitaskingB.Striking a balance be
23、tweenC.Weekend catch-up sleepD.Healthy diet(5).According to the passage, what have some school done to help their students get enough sleep? （分数：1.00）A.Educating their students about the importance of sleep.B.Monitoring their students late-night activities.C.Delaying school start times.D.Setting str
24、ict rules.Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. As any middle-class parent knows, unpaid work experience can give youngsters a valuable introduction to a secure job. The government has recognized it too, abandoning rules in 2011 that had formerly stopped 16 to 24-year-olds
25、 from doing unpaid work while claiming unemployment benefit. But moving from that to forcing them to work without pay in order to collect these benefits has proved a big step. (79) More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s. Keen both to cut
26、the welfare bill and to avoid the depressed future wages that may result from early unemployment, the government has impressed future wages that may result from early unemployment, the government has introduced an ambitious program of reform to get youngsters off welfare and into work. A key part of
27、 it is ensuring that no one gets benefit from the government for long; ministers are keen to avoid what happened after the early-1980s recession (衰退), when unemployment continued in some parts of the country for a long time after the economy began to improve. To help young people into work, minister
28、s had persuaded lots of employers, including bakery chains, bookshops and supermarkets, to take on unemployed youths, who receive work experience but no pay, with the prospect of proper job for those who shine. (80) Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finis
29、hing the scheme. The idea of getting young adults used to showing up for work is popular with voters: according to a survey published in February, about 60% of people support the program. Equally attractive was the option of compelling them to work: under the existing arrangements youngsters could c
30、hoose whether or not to accept a place, but if they dropped put after the end of the first week, they stood to lose up to two weeks benefits. Yet the scheme has also polarized (两极分化的) opinion: a third of people are consistently opposed. Following a noisy “Right to Work“ campaign that accused employe
31、rs of co-operating secretly with this from getting worse, Chris Grayling, an employment minister, admitted that young people could leave their work experience at any time without being punished for doing so. This not only halted the flight of employers (for now, at least) but also enabled him to ann
32、ounce that new firms have agreed to take part in the program. （分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, young people in Britain _. （分数：1.00）A.are used to showing up for workB.value unpaid work very muchC.are always opposed to unpaid workD.could learn something about job security through unpaid work.(2)
33、.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE? （分数：1.00）A.Most voters support the governments effort to help young people to work.B.Some people protest against the governments attempt to force young people to work.C.There are more than one million young people who took part in the pr
34、ogram.D.There are more than one million young people who are jobless.(3).According to the author, the British government is trying to _. （分数：1.00）A.punish young people if they are not cooperating with itB.reform the unemployed youngstersC.the economic slowdownD.reduce welfare spending(4).The word “s
35、hine“ in Paragraph 3 means “_“. （分数：1.00）A.do wellB.reflect lightC.look happyD.produce light(5).Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? （分数：1.00）A.Enjoy Work Without PayB.Can Work, Wont WorkC.Should Work, Shouldnt PlayD.Hate Work or Love Work二、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：30，分数：30
36、.00)1. Please give Jim the schedule for tomorrows conference when he _ back. He is to chair the conference. （分数：1.00）A.will comeB.comeC.comesD.came2._ five minutes earlier, you would not have missed the last train for Shanghai, but you were late. （分数：1.00）A.Had you comeB.Do you comeC.Did you comeD.S
37、hould you come3. After he worked out the solution, _ appeared a smile on his face. （分数：1.00）A.itB.hereC.whatD.there4._ the former presidents supporters went out in the streets to express their anger and dissatisfaction. （分数：1.00）A.A small amount ofB.A large number ofC.little bit ofD.A great deal of5
38、.To be honest, todays dinner was just so-so. It wasnt such a good one _ promised by the boss. （分数：1.00）A.thatB.whichC.asD.what6.So many people _, the meeting had to be put off. （分数：1.00）A.being absentB.to be absentC.were absentD.had been absent7.We often advise him not to drink more _ is good for hi
39、s health. （分数：1.00）A.asB.thatC.thanD.but8.-Did Charles vote in the last election? -No, he wasnt _. （分数：1.00）A.enough old thenB.then enough oldC.ole then enoughD.old enough then9. By no means _ look down on those who are less lucky in life than we are. （分数：1.00）A.we shouldB.should weC.we should notD.
40、should we not10.He didnt feel like _ that day so he stayed indoors reading. （分数：1.00）A.workingB.worksC.to workD.worked11.No sooner had we started on the road _ it began to rain. （分数：1.00）A.whenB.thanC.thenD.whenever12.He decide to go for a sailing holiday _ the fact that he was usually seasick (晕船).
41、 （分数：1.00）A.because ofB.in spite ofC.in case ofD.as a result of13.What you do in your spare time is your own _. However it should not be harmful to others. （分数：1.00）A.businessB.purchaseC.bargainD.sale14.As a gardener, Jim has to water the flowers and _ the grass in the garden every morning. （分数：1.00
42、）A.trimB.improveC.refineD.repair15.The firemen are still _ the small fires started by the plane crash. （分数：1.00）A.taking offB.setting asideC.getting along withD.putting out16.He didnt live up to _ had been expected of him. （分数：1.00）A.thatB.whatC.whichD.all17.The old couple decided to _ a boy and a g
43、irl though they had three of their own. （分数：1.00）A.adaptB.bringC.receiveD.adopt18.he relationship between employers and employees has been studied _. （分数：1.00）A.originallyB.extremelyC.violentlyD.intensively19.The car _ halfway for no reason. （分数：1.00）A.broke offB.broke downC.broke upD.broke out20.Th
44、e police _ that he committed a series of crimes in the north of the city. （分数：1.00）A.swelledB.submittedC.surveyedD.suspected21.The manger lost his _ just because his secretary was ten minutes late. （分数：1.00）A.moodB.temperC.mindD.passion22.We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came _ v
45、iew. （分数：1.00）A.fromB.inC.beforeD.into23.I have kept that portrait _ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my university days in London. （分数：1.00）A.whichB.whereC.whetherD.into24.The room is in a terrible mess; it _ cleaned. （分数：1.00）A.cant have beenB.mustnt have beenC.shouldnt have been
46、D.wouldnt have been25.You see the lightning _ it happens, but you hear the thunder later. （分数：1.00）A.the instantB.for an instantC.on the instantD.in an instant26. _ it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles. （分数：1.00）A.BelieveB.To believeC.BelievingD.Believed27.The medicine i
47、s on sale everywhere. You can get it at _ chemists. （分数：1.00）A.otherB.someC.certainD.any28.Your hair wants _. Youd better have it done tomorrow. （分数：1.00）A.cutB.to cutC.cuttingD.being cut29.I dont think it advisable that Tom _ to the job since he has no experience. （分数：1.00）A.be assignedB.will be as
48、signedC.is assignedD.has been assigned30.The goals _ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. （分数：1.00）A.after whichB.with whichC.for whichD.at which三、Part Identificatio(总题数：10，分数：10.00)31. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for pants to grow. （分数：1.00）A.
49、gives offB.thatC.itD.for32.Sand painting has also called dry or earth painting and is practiced by several American Indian artists. （分数：1.00）A.has also calledB.andC.practicedD.several American Indian artists33.Humans, like many other animals, are warm-blooded with a fairly constantly body temperature. （分数：1.00）A.HumansB.likeC.withD.fairly constantly34.Now that the st
