1、大学英语四级 294及答案解析(总分：746.58，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic on a Harmonious Dormitory Life. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 1宿舍生活有时会出现不和谐的情况 2一个和谐宿舍生活的
2、必要性 3如何创造和谐的宿舍生活 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Indians and the Early Settlers The native Americans, the people we call the “Indians“, had been in America for many thousands of years before Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492. Columbus thought he had arrived in India, so he called
3、 the native People “Indians“. The Indians were kind to the early settlers. They were Not afraid of them and they wanted to help them. They showed the settlers the new world around them; they taught them about the local crops like sweet potatoes, corn and peanuts; they introduced the Europeans to cho
4、colate and to the turkey; and the Europeans did business with the Indians. The losing of lands But soon the settlers wanted bigger farms and more land for themselves and their families. More and more immigrants were coming from Europe and all these people needed land. So the Europeans started to tak
5、e die land from the Indians. The Indians had to move back into the center of the continent because the settlers were taking all their land. Belief in land and the fights The Indians couldnt understand this. They had a very different idea of land from the Europeans. For the Indians, the land, the ear
6、th, was their mother, everything came from their mother, the land, and everything went back to it. The land was for everyone and it was impossible for one man to own it. How could the White Man divide the earth into parts? How could he put fences round it, buy it and sell it? Naturally, when the Whi
7、te Man started taking all the Indians land, the Indians started to fight back. They wanted to keep their land, they want to stop the White Man taking it all for himself. But the White Man was stronger and clever. Slowly he pushed the Indians into those parts of the continent that he didnt wantthe pa
8、rts where it was too cold or too dry or too mountainous to live comfortably. Being driven into the reservations By 1857 the Indians had lost the fight: they were living in special places called “reservations“. But even here the White Man took land from themperhaps he wanted the wood, or perhaps the
9、land had important minerals in it, or he even wanted to make national parks there. So even on their reservations the Indians were not safe from the White Man. Abandoning the old way of life Between 1500 and 1900 the Indian population of the area that is now the United States declined from close to 1
10、, 000, 000 to 300,000, and for those remained, the agony was great. Many were forced to take land in new and strange places. They were introduced to new tools, implements and techniques. They were forced to abandon their old way of life. Changes of life on the reservations Many of their tribes were
11、resettled on reservations in the west. The land belonged to the United States Government but was reserved tax-free for the Indians. The federal government provided the tribes with rations, tools, and equipment. Boarding and day schools were set up. In many cases responsible agents were sent to admin
12、ister the reservations. But the change from a free life to the restricted life of reservations brought the Indians near despair. They did not change easily. Hard life and the widening gap In 1960s, Indians moved in great numbers to the nations cities. Many Indians moved into poverty rows. It was har
13、d for them to find jobs. It was hardalmost impossibleto compete with the White Man in the white mans world. Many Indians returned to the reservations. But if the reservations had been broken up there was no place to go. The gap between Indian American and white American was growing wider. Hard work
14、and self-development Meanwhile the Indians have been working hard in their own interests. They are building new communities, establishing new industries, and erecting new schools. They are developing motels and other recreational schemes on the reservations. There is a growing Pan-Indian Government.
15、 Indians have become active in writing and publishing. Some tribes have benefited through settlement of their land or other claims against the government. They are using the funds for their own development. Perhaps a new day has already dawned for the American Indians. （分数：71.00）(1).The Indians did
16、business with the Europeans in the early period of settlement.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).The Europeans made better chocolates than the Indians.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The Indians lost the fight against the White Man finally not because they were weaker.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).The Indians were not safe on
17、their reservations because there were wild animals.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).The reservations in the west belonged to the Indians themselves.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Many Indians returned to the reservations because they could not find jobs in cities.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Indians have become active in w
18、riting and publishing.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).In 1960s, Indians moved in 1 to the nations cities.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).Many of the Indian tribes were resettled on reservations in the 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).Indians were forced to 1 their own way of life.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15
19、.00)A.The woman is a close friend of the man.B.The woman has been working too hard.C.The woman is seeing a doctorD.The woman is tired of her work.A.The man doesnt have money for his daughters graduate studies.B.The man doesnt think his daughter will get a business degree.C.The man insists that his d
20、aughter should pursue her studies in science.D.The man advises his daughter to think carefully before making her decision.A.There are too many courses offered to students.B.The woman should take fewer courses next term.C.The man will take four courses next semester.D.It is wiser to take more than fo
21、ur courses.A.He wishes to have more courses like it.B.He finds it hard to follow the teacher.C.He wishes the teacher would talk more.D.He doesnt like the teachers accent.A.See whats wrong with it.B.Sew it together.C.Try to tape it up.D.Change a new cover.A.He ordered a painting for the house.B.He hi
22、red someone to paint the house.C.He hid in the house.D.He built the house.A.Basketball and football.B.Volleyball.C.Basketball and volleyball.D.Basketball.A.Having an interview.B.Filling out a form.C.Talking with his friend.D.Asking for information.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Before finishing school
23、B.Between school and university.C.During her university course.D.After finishing university.A.Projects for people with no money.B.Projects involving sports and languages.C.Social and environmental projects.D.International childrens projects.A.Mainly come from England.B.Travel to many different count
24、ries.C.Come from different countries.D.Need work experience.A.Supply usually outnumbers demand.B.Demand usually outnumbers supply.C.Supply is usually equal to demand.D.When supply exceeds demand, prices rise.A.Manufacturers advertise their products in newspapers.B.Manufacturers advertise their produ
25、cts through songs.C.Manufacturers advertise their products by sponsoring sporting eventsD.Manufacturers advertise their products through salesgirls.A.The cinema.B.The television.C.The newspaper.D.The radio.A.The importance of advertising.B.Various ways of advertising.C.The successes and failures of
26、advertising.D.The causes, methods and effects of advertising.A.He took them to watch a basketball game.B.He trained them to play European football.C.He let them compete in getting balls out of a basket.D.He taught them to play an exciting new game.A.The players found the basket too high to reach.B.T
27、he players had trouble getting the ball out of the basket.C.The players had difficulty understanding the complex rules.D.The players soon found the game boring.A.By removing the bottom of the basket.B.By lowering the position of the basket.C.By simplifying the complex rules.D.By altering the size of
28、 the basket.A.Gold was discovered.B.The Transcontinental Railroad was completed.C.The Golden Gate Bridge was constructed.D.Telegraph communications were established with the East.A.Two million.B.Three million.C.Five million.D.Six million.A.Nineteen million dollars.B.Thirty-two million dollars.C.Thir
29、ty-seven million dollars.D.Forty-two million dollars.A.A person is doing a job which he likes very much.B.A person is doing a job which he doesnt like.C.A person is doing a job which he is not suited for.D.A person is doing a job which he thinks very important.A.Because it will make a person earn a
30、lot of money.B.Because many people in the world dont want to be square pegs.C.Because good jobs make them happy.D.Because it will make full use of their talents.A.Businessmen, managers and accountants.B.Chemists, physicists and biologists.C.Governors, doctors and teachers.D.Engineers, public servant
31、s and news reporters.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Library of Congress is Americas national library. It has millions of books and other objects. It has newspapers, (36) 1publications as well as letters of (37) 2 interest. It also has maps, photographs, art (38) 3, movies, sound recordings and music
32、al (39) 4. All together, it has more than 100 million objects. The Library of Congress is open to the public Monday through Saturday, except for public holidays. Anyone may go there and read anything in the . But no one is (40) 5 to take books out of the building. The Library of Congress was (41) 6i
33、n 1800. It started with eleven boxes of books in one room of the Capitol Building. By 1814, the had increased to about 3,000 books. They were all (42) 7that year when the Capitol was burned down during Americas war with Britain. To help re-build the library, Congress bought the books of President Th
34、omas Jefferson. Mr. Jeffersons (43) 8included 7,000 books in seven languages. (44) 9.Today, three buildings hold the librarys . (45) 10. It buys some of its books and gets others as gifts. It also gets materials through its copyright office. (46) 11.This means the Library of Congress receives almost
35、 everything that is published in the United States. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)In many ways, though, definition of such skills is quite unnecessary for an analysis of policing. It is really most unlike
36、ly that the average police officer will ever in his career perform or even witness those detective skills that he has enjoyed in countless TV productions. The reason for this is simply that the vast majority of crimes are usually either very likely to be solved by routine investigation or they are v
37、ery unlikely to be solved at all. Fortunately, the clear-up rate for serious crimes tends to be very high. Zander (1979) has shown why. In his study of old bailey cases, the identity of the defendant(被告) seems to have been reasonably clear in 87% of cases. Morgan (1980 and ongoing) has shown that we
38、ll over 92% of crimes known to the police are discovered by the public who provide the majority of decisive information. In Morgans study, crimes that were “solved“ contained in their crime files over twice the amount of qualitative information as crimes that were not “solved“. The various bits of i
39、nformation in the crime files were each rated by experienced police investigators on a Likert scale of value in terms of probability of detection, “solving“ of the crime. In this, where information was. provided by the public during a police interview, the information was believed to the police “sin
40、ce it was felt that in an interview genuine police skills are involved in the collection of information.“ Evidently this method can be justified thus, but will necessarily overestimate the police role. Nevertheless, in this analysis of crime files it was shown that in cases where crimes were solved,
41、 the public still provided nearly twice the amount of information as the police. （分数：177.50）(1).It is very likely that the part previous to this passage is about _.（分数：35.50）A.police skillsB.the role of informationC.TV productionsD.studies of crime files(2).It can be learned from this passage that_.
42、（分数：35.50）A.excellent detective skills are highly necessary for the police to solve crimesB.police officers experience in detection forms the basis for detective series on TVC.actual solving of a crime case is more demanding than the TV series show usD.the average police in practice rarely demonstra
43、te or need the sophisticated detective skills shown on TV(3).According to the passage, the vast majority of crimes_.（分数：35.50）A.are very likely solved by routine investigationB.can not be solved simply through routine investigationC.are unlikely to be cleared up at allD.can not be solved because the
44、 defendants are unknown(4).According to Morgan, the solving of the overwhelming majority of crimes depends largely on _.（分数：35.50）A.the police s collecting evidences on the site of the crimeB.experienced police investigators rating information in the crime filesC.information collected by the police
45、in police interviewsD.information provided by the public who discovered the crime(5).Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the collection of information in police interviews?（分数：35.50）A.It requires genuine police skills.B.It can be justified.C.It is crucial for the solving of a crime.D.It over-es
46、timates the police role but ignores the informant Y s role.The World Health Organization says as many as 10 million persons worldwide may have the virus (病毒) that causes AIDS. Experts believe about 350 thousand persons have the disease. And one million more may get it in the next five years. In the
47、United States, about 50,000 persons have died with AIDS. The countrys top medical official says more than 90 percent of all Americans who had the AIDS virus five years ago are dead. There is no cure for AIDS and no vaccine (疫苗) medicine to prevent it. However, researchers know much more about AIDS t
48、han they did just a few years ago. We now know that AIDS is caused by a virus. The virus invades healthy cells including white blood cells that are part of our defense system against disease. It takes control of the healthy cells genetic (遗传的) material and forces the cell to make a copy of the virus. The cell then dies. And the viral particles move on to invade and kill more healthy cells. The AIDS virus is carried in a persons body fluids. The virus can be passed sexually or by sharing
