1、专业八级-879 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Our Greatest PossessionMan is called in Greek the Zoon phonanta which means the(1) _. What (1) _makes humanity different from the rest of the animal world is its capacity for(2) _ (2) _a system of sound
2、 signals. Human beings tend to use speech not for conveying messagesor expressing feelings but merely for establishing and sustaining(3) _ (3) _The(4) _of language is essentially a part of the modernization of language. (4) _Modern English is grammatically much simpler than its ancestor Anglo-Saxon,
3、 and Italianand Spanish are much simpler than their mother(5) _ (5) _All of us say things we never said before, and without much(6) _effort; we (6) _are always inventing new things to say. That is file great human talent, which is based ona very simple peculiarity of the human brain-its capacity to
4、think in(7) _. Man (7) _is able to separate specific sounds and oppose one to another.Although we are quite(8) _of the origins of human language, we know that (8) _when language first appeared, it was already fully(9) _. The system of symbols (9) _of the outside world was the(10) _to the creation of
5、 inside worlds. Language is (10) _our greatest possession.Please move on to Section B Interview.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 secon
6、ds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).Susan had always been interested in _.（分数：1.00）A.multimedia educationB.multimedia devicesC.multicultural educationD.multicultural communication(2).Susan _.（分数：1.00）A.has been comfortable working with computers
7、 from the very beginningB.used to be afraid of computersC.decided to enroll in a computer courseD.dreamed of becoming a computer expert(3).Her first Internet project _.（分数：1.00）A.was a simple one about healthB.started when they had computers in the classroom that were connected to the InternetC.rece
8、ived congratulatory letters from students parentsD.was rewarded a phone line by her administrator(4).What was Susans motive for carrying on the project?（分数：1.00）A.Her passion.B.Her administrators demand.C.Peer pressure.D.Students encouragement.(5).Which of the following was NOT mentioned by Susan wh
9、en she talked about her personal rewards?（分数：1.00）A.Her project changed parents attitude towards the Internet.B.Her projects have had a positive impact.C.A class in Canada purchased computers because they were eager to be on her project.D.She got to collaborate with a lot of talented teachers.四、SECT
10、ION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).How many South Korean hostages will Taliban insurgents plan to release?（分数：1.00）A.3B.19C.21D.23(2).Afghan gover
11、nment insisted that _.（分数：1.00）A.all the Taliban captors be caught and punishedB.it would not exchange Taliban prisoners for Korean hostagesC.it would negotiate with the Taliban for a compromiseD.it would help the South Korean officials rescue their hostagesQuestions 8 and 9 are based on the followi
12、ng news. At the end of the news item, yon will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).Where is the damage gouge located in Space Shuttle Endeavour?（分数：1.00）A.In one black heat tile under the right wind.B.In one of the main landing gear doors.C.In one black he
13、at tile under the left wind.D.In the middle of Endeavours belly.(2).Endeavours repair options include a heat resistant paint, a protective plate or _.（分数：1.00）A.a heat protection tileB.a mechanical handC.a measuring instrumentD.a thick compound1.Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end
14、 of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the news?（分数：1.00）A.The US government has sent dive teams to help in the recovery effort.B.The bridge located in Hennepin County collapsed on Wednesday.
15、C.The Sheriff transferred the casualties in the collapse to other states.D.The National Transportation Safety Board took pictures of the wreckag五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Quake Engineering:Looking at the Turkish Earthquake Damage?Despite the size of the devastating qua
16、ke that ripped through Turkey, American structural engineers say there was something that might have alleviated the damage and saved lives. These images of the devastation in Turkey confirm what seismic engineers already know: that a powerful earthquake has an ally in a weak building. Jim Malley of
17、Degenkolb Engineers, “This is the most common form of multi-story building In Turkey. Its what we call a concrete frame.“ Structural engineer Jim Malley studied damaged buildings in Turkey in 1992 after a 6.8 (Richter Scale)quake left more than 600 dead. Jim Malley says, “These are very heavy buildi
18、ngs and its not uncommon for them to collapse In earthquakes because of the extra mass. The risk of building collapse increases when the first floor is a shop and glass windows replace brick walls. Undoubtedly, there was a glass store front at this level, and all that came through for the structure,
19、 was concrete columns, and that made it much weaker, and as a result we got the collapse of that first story.“Malley says Turkeys concrete frame buildings often lack reinforcing steel, use too little or use a smooth steel bar that fails to grip the concrete. “We use whats called deformed bars where
20、theres little bumps on the steel, which helps to tie the reinforcing steel into the concrete, and smooth bars. it pulls out much more easily.“In California, where each big quake teaches engineers another way of coping, steel frames reduce the weight of new buildings, and strong joints keep them agil
21、e.Janiele Maffei shows a San Francisco skyscraper under construction and says, “The building is designed to move and to sway. and the connections to stay together.“Structural engineer Jardele Maffei says the 1994 Northridge, California quake, revealed the weakness of rigid joints. Engineers found a
22、simple solution, She demonstrates the point by way of the building under way, “See to the right of the connection. See the beam? See how it looks like its been tapered? Thats called a dog bone; you can see how it looks like a dog bone, how its tapered. What that will do is it will take the stresses
23、away from the connection, and concentrate them in that smaller section of the beam.“Cross bracing up the elevator shaft gives a building brute strength.Janiele Maffei says, “What steel bracing does, is it connects the various floors, and keeps there from moving relative to each other in an earthquak
24、e.“Maffei says Turkish engineers do know how to build for earthquakes and building codes in Turkey are good, at least on paper. But somehow the system failed to produce earthquake resistant buildings,（分数：5.00）(1).According to the article, what is the most common form of multi-story building in Turke
25、y?（分数：1.00）A.Wooden structures.B.Reinforced concrete single levels.C.The concrete frame.D.The dog bone fram(2).According to the article, why is it significant that buildings way have shops on the first (ground)floors with glass window displays?（分数：1.00）A.People like to shop on the ground floor of bu
26、ildings.B.People can see into the windows on this level.C.Windows do not support a building as well as walls do.D.People should not shop in large buildings.(3).Earthquakes in California have taught people _.（分数：1.00）A.to have panic attacks with strangersB.ways of coping with construction techniquesC
27、.how to build weak jointsD.to be seismic engineers(4).According to structural engineers in California, what is important for an earthquake-resistant building?（分数：1.00）A.Rigid frames so that buildings do not move in earthquakes.B.Concrete frames.C.Buildings designed to move and sway.D.One-story build
28、ings.(5).According to the article, why should building joints be agile?（分数：1.00）A.Such joints are cheap.B.Such joints make buildings flexible and moveable.C.Such joints are concrete frames.D.Such joints make the buildings rigi七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Dirty BritainBefore the grass has thickened on the
29、roadside verges and leaves have started growing on the trees is a perfect time to look around and see just how dirty Britain has become. The pavements are stained with chewing gum that has been spat out and the gutters are full of discarded fast food cartons. Years ago I remember travelling abroad a
30、nd being saddened by the plastic bags, discarded bottles and soiled nappies at the edge of every road. Nowadays, Britain seems to look at least as had. What has gone wrong?The problem is that the rubbish created by our increasingly mobile lives lasts a lot longer than before. If it is not cleared up
31、 and properly thrown away, it stays in the undergrowth for years; a semi-permanent reminder of what a tarry little country we have now.Firstly, it is estimated that 10 billion plastic bags have been given to shoppers. These will take anything from 100 to 1,000 years to rot. However, it is not as if
32、there is no solution to this. A few years ago, the Irish government introduced a tax on non-recyclable carrier bags and in three months reduced their use by 99%. When he was a minister, Michael Meacher attempted to introduce a similar arrangement in Britain. The plastics industry protested, of cours
33、e. However, they need not have bothered; the idea was killed before it could draw breath, leaving supermarkets free to give away plastic bags.What is clearly necessary right now is some sort of combined initiative, both individual and collective, before it is too late. The alternative is to continue
34、 sliding downhill until we have a country that looks like a vast municipal rubbish tip. We may well be at the tipping point. Yet we know that people respond to their environ-meet. If things around them are clean and tidy, people behave cleanly and tidily. If they are surrounded by squalor, they beha
35、ve squalidly. Now, much of Britain looks pretty squalid. What wilt it look like in five years?（分数：5.00）(1).The writer says that it is a good time to see Britain before the trees have leaves because _.（分数：1.00）A.Britain looks perfectB.you can see Britain at its dirtiestC.you can see how dirty Britain
36、 is nowD.the grass has thickened on the verges(2).According to the writer, things used to be _.（分数：1.00）A.worse abroadB.the same abroadC.better abroadD.worse, but now things are better abroad(3).For the writer, the problem is that _.（分数：1.00）A.rubbish is not cleared upB.rubbish lasts longer than it
37、used toC.our society is increasingly mobileD.Britain is a tarry country(4).Michael Meacher _.（分数：1.00）A.followed the Irish example with a tax on plastic bagsB.tried to follow the Irish example with a tax on plastic bagsC.made no attempt to follow the Irish example with a tax on plastic bagsD.had pro
38、blems with the plastics industry who wasnt bothered about the tax(5).The writer thinks _.（分数：1.00）A.it is too late to do anythingB.we are at the tipping pointC.there is no alternativeD.we need to work together to solve the problem八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Oregon Mom Forced to Treat Baby for HIVKathleen
39、 Tyson wants desperately to breast feed her baby, But the state of Oregon says it will take the baby from her if she does. The government threatened the action after Tyson tested positive for HIV, the virus the vast majority of medical researchers say causes AIDS.For now, at least, she gives the inf
40、ant a cows milk formula. And until a few weeks ago, she reluctantly gave him a state ordered medically prescribed six-week course of the powerful AIDS drug AZT. She faces a court date in April to try to regain total freedom in how she cares for her son, including the right to breastfeed.Kathleen Tys
41、on says, “There is evidence that there is something in breast milk that inhibits the binding of HIV to receptor cells in the infant. So were starting to get an idea that maybe its not so bad as everybody thinks.“Tyson and her husband David are at odds with the medical establishment and the medical r
42、esearch showing HIV causes aids. Nor is the couple convinced by studies that show HIV can be transmitted by breast milk. Whats more, the Tysons say they have no idea why Kathleen tested positive. The two say theyve had a monogamous relationship for eleven years, never used I-V drugs, or had blood tr
43、ansfusions, and that both David and the baby tested negative. Are they in denial about the reality of AIDS?“Since Im one who takes care of children with HIV and have watched children die of AIDS, the idea that someone would allow a preventable disease to be transmitted like that, absolutely breaks m
44、y heart,“ says Dr. Paul Lewis.David Tyson answers that charge, “A lot of people say that; I think the medical establishment is in denial about the evidence that indicates their theory is a dud. Theyve been working on this for 16 years now, and theyve put more resources into this than any other issue
45、 that weve had. And they arent any closer to any mechanism of pathogenicity than they were when they started.“Kathleen Tyson says, “I think we weighed the issue. I think weve looked at a lot of material. And I think that were rational, responsible people. And there are just enough things, for me, th
46、at dont make sense, that I have to question it.“The Tysons find support on an Internet site which claims that a growing number of bio-medical scientists say the AIDS virus is harmless and not sexually transmitted, Site authors claim its the anti-viral medications like AZT that kill.David Tyson says
47、of the web site, “. and these have a number of quotes by a number of prominent people in the biomedical field about their doubts about this theory.“The site helped the Tysous reach David Rasnick, a visiting scientist in the department of molecular and cell biology at the University of California, Be
48、rkeley. Rasnick is president of a group opposed to prevailing theories on the cause of AIDS. In an e-mail, Rasnick told the Tyanus to refuse AZT for their infant son.David Rasnick of the group for the Scientific Reappraisal of the HIV/AIDS Hypothesis, “Were interfering with healthy mothers and healthy children to breast feed; were giving these kids poisonous drugs in the chance they might develop anti-bodies to HIV.“Rasnicks advice deeply troubles Dr. Paul Lewis, an Oregon childrens infectious diseases specialist. He says, “Since I
