1、专业英语八级翻译-英译汉(六)及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BENGLISH TO CHIN(总题数：6，分数：100.00)1.The Warwickshire Avon falls into the Severn here, and on the sides of both, for many miles back, there are the finest meadows that ever were seen in looking over them, and beholding the endl
2、ess flocks and herds, one wonders what can become of all the meat! By riding on about eight or nine miles farther, however, this wonder is a little diminished; for here we come to one of the devouring WENS: namely, CHELTENHAM, which is what they call a watering place, that is to say, a place to whic
3、h East India plunderers, West India floggers, English taxgorgers, together with gluttons, drunkards, and debauchees of all descriptions, female as well as male, resort, at the suggestion of silently laughing quacks, in the hope of getting rid of the bodily consequences of their manifold sins and ini
4、quities. When I enter a place like this, I always feel disposed to squeeze up my nose with my fingers. It is nonsense, to be sure; but I conceit that every two-legged creature, that I see coming near me, is about all that is knavish and all that is foolish and all that is base; gamesters, pick-pocke
5、ts, and harlots.（分数：15.00）_2.The Great Lakes is a general term for the five lakes in the north of the country. UExcept for Lake Michigan which lies within the country, the other four, Lake Ontario, Lake Superior, Lake Huron, and Lake Erie are shared by Canada and the United States. Because of the im
6、portant role they have played in transportation, they are also called the Mediterranean of the American Continent/U. UStarting from the Rockies in the State of Colorado, the Rio Grande River runs to the south and forms part of the U.S.Mexican border. It enters the Gulf of Mexico/U. UOriginating also
7、 in the Rocky Mountains, the Colorado River flows southwest and reaches the Gulf of California. This river is wild and furious, cutting deeply into the rocks for ages and has formed the magnificent Grand Canyon/U. UIn the northwest is the Columbia River, the biggest river that flows to the Pacific i
8、n North America/U. With its source in Canada and flowing northward, the river has a length of 1,954 kilometers, 85% of which is in the U.S. The river is very rich in salmon and other fishes.（分数：15.00）_3.Washington D.C. is the capital of the nation situated on the Potomac River. It was named in honor
9、 of the first president of the country, George Washington. During the period between 1776 and 1783 when the colonial people worked hard for independence, there was not a permanent capital to house their government. UIn 1790, a bill was passed to authorize the president to choose a site on the Potoma
10、c River to house the government, a site which would be separate from any of the states. Then the president selected the present day capital and named the area the District of Columbia after Christopher Columbus. The construction began in 1793 after President Washington had laid a corner stone for th
11、e capital. The whole design was made by a French engineer but was completed by a black architect. In mid-June of 1800, John Adams, the new president ordered the government to be transferred from Philadelphia to the permanent capitalWashington D.C./U UThe man after whom the city had been named did no
12、t live in it because he died only six months before it officially became the capital of the nation, but people will never forget him. They set up a monument to honor him. That is the Washington Monument. This is actually a long tapering vertical bar with eight windows in the top. Each side has two w
13、indows/U. There are two other memorials erected in the capital. One is the Lincoln Memorial honoring the 16 president of the U.S., Abraham Lincoln; and the other is the Jefferson Memorial built in honor of the third president.（分数：15.00）_4.UThe ocean covers three quarters of the earths surface, produ
14、ces 90 percent of all its life- supporting oxygen, and is the driving force behind the entire weather system. There are over 450 million cubic miles of sea water on the earth; and each cubic mile contains over 150 million tons of minerals./U USo vast and so pervasive is the sea that if the earths cr
15、ust were made level, ocean water would form a blanket over 8,000 feet deep./U UThe oceans contribute immeasurably to the earths life support system as well as provide an untapped storehouse of food, minerals, energy, and archaeological treasure./U UAdvanced atmospheric diving suits permit researcher
16、s to descend to depths of 1,500 feet. Yet the oceans average depth is greater than 12,000 feet. It is at these depths that remarkable discoveries are being made, discoveries which only a short time ago would have been impossible./U UIn that depth, where darkness is absolute and pressure exceeds eigh
17、t tons per square inch, robotic submersibles have discovered enormous gorges, four times deeper than the Grand Canyon./U Here, too, are volcanoes that vastly outnumber those on land. Landslides the size of Rhode Island have been recorded, as well as raging undersea storms that go completely unnotice
18、d on the surface while dramatically rearranging the underwater landscapes.（分数：15.00）_5.The first national park in America and the world was Yellowstone in the western state of Wyoming. UYellowstone was established in 1872. Yet the idea of protecting areas from human development was proposed many yea
19、rs earlier. American painter George Catlin first proposed the idea during the 1830s. Mr. George Catlin traveled west to paint pictures of native American Indians. He believed the Indians would be destroyed if they could not continue to live in natural wild places. So he proposed that the government
20、establish large areas of land where Indians and the animals they hunted would be protected./U UOnly part of George Catlins dream came true. Many years after his death the government established the first parkYellowstone, where wild animals and natural resources would be protected. However, no Indian
21、s or other people were permitted to make their homes there. The government said the park was for all the people to enjoy then and in the future./U UYellowstone National Park gets its name from the Yellowstone River that flows through it. The river got its name from the yellow rocks high along its ba
22、nks/U. The native Indians first called the river a name that means rocky yellow river. Later, French hunters translated these words to Yellowrock or Yellowstone.（分数：15.00）_6.The canyons of Americas Southwest are deep ancient openings in the earth. They look as if they formed as the earth split apart
23、. But the canyons did not split. They were cut by rivers. UThe rivers carried earth and pieces of stone and slowly ate away at the surrounding rock. For millions of years, the rivers turned and pushed. They cut deeper and deeper into the earth. They left pathway of great rocky openings in the earth
24、that extend for hundreds of kilometers./U UThe Grand Canyon in Arizona is one of the largest and most beautiful of all canyons. It extends 450 kilometers. The surrounding area does not make you suspect the existence of such a great opening in the earth. You come upon the Canyon suddenly when you rea
25、ch its edge, then you are looking at a land like nothing else in the world./U UWalls of rocks fall away sharply at your feet. In some places the Canyon walls are more than a kilometer deep. Far below is the dark, turning line of the Colorado River. On the other side sunshine lights up the naked rock
26、 walls in red, orange and gold. The bright colors are the result of minerals in the rocks./U Their appearance changes endlessly with the light, the time of year and the weather. Upon sunset, when the sun has moved across the sky, the Canyon walls give up their firing reds and golds. They take on qui
27、eter colors: blue, purple and green.（分数：25.00）_专业英语八级翻译-英译汉(六)答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BENGLISH TO CHIN(总题数：6，分数：100.00)1.The Warwickshire Avon falls into the Severn here, and on the sides of both, for many miles back, there are the finest meadows that ever were see
28、n in looking over them, and beholding the endless flocks and herds, one wonders what can become of all the meat! By riding on about eight or nine miles farther, however, this wonder is a little diminished; for here we come to one of the devouring WENS: namely, CHELTENHAM, which is what they call a w
29、atering place, that is to say, a place to which East India plunderers, West India floggers, English taxgorgers, together with gluttons, drunkards, and debauchees of all descriptions, female as well as male, resort, at the suggestion of silently laughing quacks, in the hope of getting rid of the bodi
30、ly consequences of their manifold sins and iniquities. When I enter a place like this, I always feel disposed to squeeze up my nose with my fingers. It is nonsense, to be sure; but I conceit that every two-legged creature, that I see coming near me, is about all that is knavish and all that is fooli
31、sh and all that is base; gamesters, pick-pockets, and harlots.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(华立克夏的爱望河在此处流入色纹河，两河沿岸若干英里水草丰美，前所未见。草地上牛羊成群，沿途不断。看着这景色，这牛羊，心想这些好肉可作多少用途，不禁感到神奇。但是再向前骑八九英里，这神奇之感就破灭了；原来我们已经到达一个毒瘤似的害人地方，名叫却尔特能，所谓温泉胜地是也。这地方充满了东印度的劫掠者，西印度的奴隶主，英国的税吏、吃客、酒鬼、淫棍，各色各样，男女俱全。他们听了一些窃窃暗笑的江湖郎中的鬼话，以为在做了多少丑事之后，一身孽障，可以到此
32、一洗干净!我每次进入这等地方，总想用手指捏住自己鼻子。当然这话没有道理，但我一看见这儿任何一个两腿畜生向我走来，实在觉得他们肮脏不堪，像是一有机会就要将他们的毒疮传染给我似的!来这地方的都是最恶劣、最愚蠢、最下流的人：赌鬼、小偷、娼妓。)解析：解析 .and on the sides of both, for many miles back, there are the finest meadows that ever were seen：原文是用关系从句进行连接，意思是“河流的两岸水草丰美，绵延很多英里，这样的景色是以前没有见过的”。汉语是意合的语言，以简洁为贵，如译成“两河沿岸若干英里水草
33、丰美，前所未见”，无拖泥带水之嫌，有干净爽利之趣。 .one wonders what can become of all the meat：“become of”表示“使遭遇，发生于”，是看到成群牛羊之后，发出的感叹。此句可译为“心想这些好肉可做多少用途”。 plunderers：劫掠财物的人；劫掠者。 floggers：“flog”作动词，意为“鞭打”，故“flogger”表示“奴隶主”。 taxgorgers：“gorge”作动词，意为“eat greedily；fill (oneself)”，即“贪婪地吃；填饱”，此处“taxgorger”意为“到处收税，压榨百姓的官员”，可译为“税吏
34、”。 debauchee：沉迷于酒色的人。 .in the hope of getting rid of the bodily consequences of their manifold sins and iniquities：“iniquity”意为“Gross immorality or injustice; wickedness”，即“邪恶；不公正”。此句的意思是，希望能够去除因为种种邪恶的行为对身体造成的不良后果。原文的语言非常精炼，译成汉语时需扩译。可译为“以为在做了多少丑事之后，一身孽障，可以到此一洗干净”。 every two-legged creature：作者爱憎分明，使用
35、“two-legged”说明对于这些人的不屑一顾，故译为“任何一个两腿畜生”。2.The Great Lakes is a general term for the five lakes in the north of the country. UExcept for Lake Michigan which lies within the country, the other four, Lake Ontario, Lake Superior, Lake Huron, and Lake Erie are shared by Canada and the United States. Becau
36、se of the important role they have played in transportation, they are also called the Mediterranean of the American Continent/U. UStarting from the Rockies in the State of Colorado, the Rio Grande River runs to the south and forms part of the U.S.Mexican border. It enters the Gulf of Mexico/U. UOrig
37、inating also in the Rocky Mountains, the Colorado River flows southwest and reaches the Gulf of California. This river is wild and furious, cutting deeply into the rocks for ages and has formed the magnificent Grand Canyon/U. UIn the northwest is the Columbia River, the biggest river that flows to t
38、he Pacific in North America/U. With its source in Canada and flowing northward, the river has a length of 1,954 kilometers, 85% of which is in the U.S. The river is very rich in salmon and other fishes.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(“五大湖”是位于美国北部的五个湖泊的总称。U除了密歇根湖位于美国境内，其他四个湖安大略湖、苏必利尔湖、休伦湖、伊利湖均为美国与加拿大共有。由于在交通运输方面所起的
39、重要作用，五大湖也被誉为美洲大陆的“地中海”。/U U发源于科罗拉多州落基山脉的里格兰德河流至南方，形成了美国墨西哥边界的一部分。里格兰德河流入墨西哥湾。/U U科罗拉多河也发源于落基山脉，朝西南方向流入加利福尼亚海湾。这条河流狂暴湍急，许多个世纪以来冲击着岩石，形成了辉煌壮观的大峡谷。/U U西北部是北美流入太平洋的最大河流哥伦比亚河/U。这条河发源于加拿大，向北流去，河长为1954千米，85%在美国境内。哥伦比亚河盛产鲑鱼和其他品种的鱼。)解析：解析 The Great Lakes：五大湖。五大湖是世界上最大的淡水水域，总面积达245660平方公里，水流方向从西向东，通过圣劳伦斯河入大西洋
40、。 Lake Michigan：密歇根湖。北美五大湖中水量第二。 Lake Ontario：安大略湖。北美五大湖中面积最小。 Lake Superior：苏必利尔湖。在北美五大湖中最大也最深。 Lake Huron：休伦湖。北美五大湖中的第二大湖。 Lake Erie：伊利湖。北美五大湖中水量最小。 the“Mediterranean”of the American Continent：“American”既可以指“美国”，也可以指“美洲”，翻译时必须区分清楚，这里“American”后有“Continent”必然指“美洲大陆”，故译为：“美洲大陆的地中海”。 the Rockies：“the
41、 Rockies”相当于“the Rocky Mountains”，即“落基山脉”。 the State of Colorado：科罗拉多州。科罗拉多州是美国中西部的一州，该州首府为丹佛 (Denver)。科罗拉多州是以科罗拉多河命名的，在西班牙语当中，“科罗拉多(Colorado)”代表“淡淡的偏红色(reddish color)”。 the Rio Grande River：里格兰德河。 the Gulf of Mexico：墨西哥湾。 the Colorado River：科罗拉多河。 the Gulf of California：加利福尼亚海湾。 This river is wild
42、and furious：译为“这条河流狂暴湍急”，其中“furious”表示“violent(猛烈的；狂暴的)”。例如，a furious storm(暴风雨)/running at a furious pace(急奔)。 cutting deeply into the rocks for ages：译为“许多个世纪以来冲击着岩石”。其中“age”表示“great or long period of time, with special characteristics or events(时代)”，这里“ages”指“许多个世纪”。 Grand Canyon：大峡谷。科罗拉多大峡谷位于美国亚利
43、桑那州(Arizona)西北部，科罗拉多高原西南部。大峡谷全长446公里，平均宽度16公里，最深处1800米，平均深度超过1500米，总面积2724平方公里。1919年，威尔逊总统将大峡谷地区辟为“大峡谷国家公园”(Grand Canyon National Park)。科罗拉多河从大峡谷谷底流过。 the Columbia River：哥伦比亚河。 North America：从下文可以看出哥伦比亚河发源于加拿大，可以判断这里的“America”仍指美洲。故译为“北美”。3.Washington D.C. is the capital of the nation situated on th
44、e Potomac River. It was named in honor of the first president of the country, George Washington. During the period between 1776 and 1783 when the colonial people worked hard for independence, there was not a permanent capital to house their government. UIn 1790, a bill was passed to authorize the pr
45、esident to choose a site on the Potomac River to house the government, a site which would be separate from any of the states. Then the president selected the present day capital and named the area the District of Columbia after Christopher Columbus. The construction began in 1793 after President Was
46、hington had laid a corner stone for the capital. The whole design was made by a French engineer but was completed by a black architect. In mid-June of 1800, John Adams, the new president ordered the government to be transferred from Philadelphia to the permanent capitalWashington D.C./U UThe man after whom the city had been named did not live in it because he died only six months before it officially became the capital of the nation, but people will neve
