1、专业英语四级（完形填空）-试卷226及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.（分数：20.00）_A. wider B. rapidly C. satisfactory D. bigger E. ob
2、jects F. genuinely G. have H. arises I. possess J. suddenly K. available L. property M. item N. cultivation O. upbringing The way that people spend their money, and the 1 on which they spend it, are the last areas where free choice and individuality can be expressed. The choice reflects personal tas
3、te, the way people see themselves and the fantasies they 2 about their lives, the restrictions on money 3 to them, the presence of others in the family with a claim on that money, and the influence of current convention, 4, surroundings and locality. Shopping is an important human activity. Yet shop
4、pers are faced with a confusing situation and a 5 changing one. The confusion 6 from the claims made by advertising, from inadequate information about new products, new materials, new places to shopa confusion enhanced by rising prices and a 7 choice of goods than ever before. The search for the rig
5、ht purchase is based on ignorance of ones own needs and ignorance of the products fitness for those needs. When choosing any particular 8, there are several lines of communication which might provide some guidance. Yet none of these is entirely 9. For example, you can ask a shop assistant initially.
6、 Even if you find one, she may quite 10 not know the answers. She may be a schoolgirl with a Saturday job, or a housewife working part-time.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A. quite B. mountainous C. disadvantages D. by E. deserved F. compare G. range H. with I.
7、developed J. flat K. equal L. earned M. failure N. generated O. for Our ape-men forefathers had no obvious natural weapons in the struggle 1 survival in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the strong claws of the big cats. They could not 2 with the bear, whose strength, speed and claws
8、 provided an impressive small-fire weaponry. They could not even defend themselves 3 running swiftly like the horses, zebras or small animals. If the ape-men had attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been doomed to 4 and extinction. But they were endowed with enormous conc
9、ealed advantages of a kind not possessed by any of their competitors. In the search for the pickings of the forest, the ape-men had 5efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of colour that the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range permitted the ape-men
10、 to study practical problems in a way that lay far beyond the reach of the original inhabitants of the grassland. Good long-distance sight was 6 another matter. Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the greater the
11、7 of sightso what they had had to do was climb a tree. Out in the open, however, this simple solution was not available. Climbing a hill would have helped, but in many places the ground was 8. The ape-men adopted the only possible solution. They reared up as high as possible on their hind limbs and
12、began to walk upright. This vital change of physical position brought about considerable 9. It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-men became slower still. However, they persevered and their bone structure gradually became adapted to the new, unstable position that 10 them
13、the name Homo Erectus, upright man.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A. solid B. made up of C. equal D. fills E. describing F. vapor G. therefore H. fundamental I. elementary J. distinguished K. flow L. refuting M. consisted of N. however O. dense The difference b
14、etween a liquid and a gas is obvious under the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the surface of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open container and 1 it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but tends to diffuse throughout the space available; it mus
15、t 2 be kept in a closed container, as in the case of a planets atmosphere. The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories 3 the phases of matter. In the nineteenth century, for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be dissolved in a 4 without losing its identity, and another
16、theory held that the two phases are 5 different kinds of molecules. The theories now prevailing take a quite different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in common. They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure, and they both 6 easily. They are fluids. The 7similari
17、ty of liquids and gases becomes clearly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat. Suppose a closed container partially filled with a liquid is heated. The liquid expands, or in other words, becomes less 8; some of it evaporates. In contrast, the vapor above the liquid surface b
18、ecomes denser as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination of temperature and pressure at which the densities become 9 is called the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be 10 ; there is a single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform densit
19、y.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A. knowing B. source C. knowledge D. consult E. help F. latest G. unnecessary H. vital I. qualities J. switch K. acquaintance L. features M. advantage N. inquiring O. last The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowle
20、dge of his 1 languages, full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual use, and a knowledge and understanding of the 2 subject-matter in his field of specialization. This is, as it were, his professional equipment. In addition to this, i
21、t is desirable that he should have a(n) 3 mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work on his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to 4 others should his own knowledge not always prove ad
22、equate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding 5 with printing techniques and proof-reading. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm,
23、 he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to 6 rapidly from one source language to another, as well as from one subject-matter to another, since this ability is frequently required of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translators work, i.e. the processing of the written
24、 word, it is, strictly speaking, 7 that he should be able to speak the languages he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is a(n) 8 rather than a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can do away with. It is, however, desirable that he should have an approximate idea about
25、the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to 9 how proper names and place names are pronounced. The same applies to an ability to write his source languages. If he can, well and good; if he cannot, it does not matter. There are many other skills and 10 that are desirable i
26、n a translator.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语四级（完形填空）-试卷226答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words
27、can be used ONCE ONLY.（分数：20.00）_解析：A. wider B. rapidly C. satisfactory D. bigger E. objects F. genuinely G. have H. arises I. possess J. suddenly K. available L. property M. item N. cultivation O. upbringing The way that people spend their money, and the 1 on which they spend it, are the last areas
28、 where free choice and individuality can be expressed. The choice reflects personal taste, the way people see themselves and the fantasies they 2 about their lives, the restrictions on money 3 to them, the presence of others in the family with a claim on that money, and the influence of current conv
29、ention, 4, surroundings and locality. Shopping is an important human activity. Yet shoppers are faced with a confusing situation and a 5 changing one. The confusion 6 from the claims made by advertising, from inadequate information about new products, new materials, new places to shopa confusion enh
30、anced by rising prices and a 7 choice of goods than ever before. The search for the right purchase is based on ignorance of ones own needs and ignorance of the products fitness for those needs. When choosing any particular 8, there are several lines of communication which might provide some guidance
31、. Yet none of these is entirely 9. For example, you can ask a shop assistant initially. Even if you find one, she may quite 10 not know the answers. She may be a schoolgirl with a Saturday job, or a housewife working part-time.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：E）填空项1:_（正确答案：G）填空项1:_（正确答案：K）填空项1:_（正确答案：O）填空项1:_（
32、正确答案：B）填空项1:_（正确答案：H）填空项1:_（正确答案：A）填空项1:_（正确答案：M）填空项1:_（正确答案：C）填空项1:_（正确答案：F）解析：解析：空格应填入副词修饰know。下一句说“她可能只是一个在周六来打工的在校女生”，推断出此处要强调“她确实不知道答案”，genuinely“真正地”，符合语义要求。A. quite B. mountainous C. disadvantages D. by E. deserved F. compare G. range H. with I. developed J. flat K. equal L. earned M. failure
33、 N. generated O. for Our ape-men forefathers had no obvious natural weapons in the struggle 1 survival in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the strong claws of the big cats. They could not 2 with the bear, whose strength, speed and claws provided an impressive small-fire weaponry. Th
34、ey could not even defend themselves 3 running swiftly like the horses, zebras or small animals. If the ape-men had attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been doomed to 4 and extinction. But they were endowed with enormous concealed advantages of a kind not possessed by any
35、 of their competitors. In the search for the pickings of the forest, the ape-men had 5efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of colour that the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range permitted the ape-men to study practical problems in a way that lay
36、far beyond the reach of the original inhabitants of the grassland. Good long-distance sight was 6 another matter. Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the greater the 7 of sightso what they had had to do was climb
37、a tree. Out in the open, however, this simple solution was not available. Climbing a hill would have helped, but in many places the ground was 8. The ape-men adopted the only possible solution. They reared up as high as possible on their hind limbs and began to walk upright. This vital change of phy
38、sical position brought about considerable 9. It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-men became slower still. However, they persevered and their bone structure gradually became adapted to the new, unstable position that 10 them the name Homo Erectus, upright man.（分数：20.00）填空
39、项1:_（正确答案：O）填空项1:_（正确答案：F）填空项1:_（正确答案：D）填空项1:_（正确答案：M）填空项1:_（正确答案：I）填空项1:_（正确答案：A）填空项1:_（正确答案：G）填空项1:_（正确答案：J）填空项1:_（正确答案：C）填空项1:_（正确答案：L）解析：解析：空格应填入动词作that从句的谓语。从句主语that指the new，unstable position，即上文提到的“站姿”，“站姿”会让他们赢得直立人的称呼，故选L项earned“赢得”。A. solid B. made up of C. equal D. fills E. describing F. va
40、por G. therefore H. fundamental I. elementary J. distinguished K. flow L. refuting M. consisted of N. however O. dense The difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious under the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the surface of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open con
41、tainer and 1 it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but tends to diffuse throughout the space available; it must 2 be kept in a closed container, as in the case of a planets atmosphere. The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories 3 the phases of matter. In the n
42、ineteenth century, for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be dissolved in a 4 without losing its identity, and another theory held that the two phases are 5 different kinds of molecules. The theories now prevailing take a quite different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases
43、 have in common. They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure, and they both 6 easily. They are fluids. The 7similarity of liquids and gases becomes clearly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat. Suppose a closed container partially filled with a liquid is
44、heated. The liquid expands, or in other words, becomes less 8; some of it evaporates. In contrast, the vapor above the liquid surface becomes denser as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination of temperature and pressure at which the densities become 9 is called the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be 10 ; there is a single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：D）填空项1:_（正确答案：G）填空项1:_（正确答案：E）填空项1:_（正确答案：F）填空项1:_（正确答案：B）填空项1:_（正确答案：K）填空项1:_（正确答案：H）填空项1:_
