1、专业英语四级（完形填空）-试卷240及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.（分数：20.00）_A. sufficient B. margins C. nearly D. barely E. adv
2、ances F. exist G. slaughtered H. while I. problems J. large K. doubtful L. denying M. anticipating N. because O. impossible What does the hamburger say about our modern food economy? A lot, actually. Over the past several years Waldo Jaquith intended to make a hamburger from scratch, to no avail. Fu
3、rther reflection revealed that its quite impractical 1 impossibleto make a hamburger from scratch, he writes. Tomatoes are in season in the late summer. Lettuce is in season in spring and fall. Large mammals are 2 in early winter. The process of making such a burger would take nearly a year and woul
4、d inherently involve omitting some core hamburger ingredients. That the hamburgerour delicious and comforting everyman fooddidnt 3 100 years ago is a greasy, shiny example of all that is both right and wrong with our modern food economy. Thanks to fertilizers, genetically modified crops, concentrate
5、d farming operations and global overnight shipping, much of the world was lifted out of starvation 4 it could finally grow 5 quantities of food with decreasing labor input. But these same 6 that allow food to be grown out of season and in all corners of the globe contribute to a whole host of enviro
6、nmental 7. The industrialization of food, as author Paul Roberts puts it, is an endless cycle driven by very small price 8 that force food processors to adopt more advanced techniques to produce even more food at lower prices. This system will only be aggravated as food demand increases. Recently Da
7、vid Tilman and Jason Hill of the University of Minnesota released a study 9 that global food demand could double by 2050. Its 10that our current, impractical food economy can sustain that demand.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A. root B. control C. subjects D. h
8、owever E. reality F. sharp G. intense H. measure I. express J. impulsive K. pessimistic L. by far M. lie N. for all O. tiny Some people are friendly drunks, whereas others are hostile, potentially posing a danger to themselves and others. The difference may 1 in their ability to foresee the conseque
9、nces of their actions, according to a recent study. Brad Bushman, a psychologist at Ohio State University, and his colleagues asked nearly 500 volunteers to play a simple game. The 2, an even mix of women and men, believed they were competing against an opponent to press a button as quickly as possi
10、ble. In 3, they were simply using a computer program that randomly decided whether they had won or lost. When they lost, they received a shock. When the opponent lost, the participant gave the shock and chose how long and 4 it should be. Before playing, the participants completed a survey designed t
11、o 5 their general concern for the future consequences of their actions. Half the participants then received enough alcohol mixed with orange juice to make them legally drunk, and the other half received a drink with a very 6 amount of alcohol in it. Subjects who expressed little interest in conseque
12、nces were more likely to administer longer, stronger shocks. In the sober group, they were slightly more aggressive than people who cared about consequences. When drunk, 7, their aggressiveness was off the charts. They are 8 the most aggressive people in the study, Bushman says. The good news is thi
13、s trait can be changed. Michael McKloskey, a psychologist at Temple University, explains that if 9 people can learn to see the situation more realistically, theyre able to stay calmer and develop a sense of 10 over their consequences.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空
14、项1:_A. annoying B. counterparts C. because D. moving E. inherited F. narrowed G. debated H. potential I. sound J. falling K. therefore L. closed M. possible N. destiny O. although Women have long been more in number than men on college campuses. They also hold more advanced degrees than their male 1
15、. So it makes sense that women would also score higher on IQ tests. But for the last 100 years, theyve lagged behind men by as much as five points 2 their scores have been rising. Finally, according to IQ expert James Flynn, women have 3 the IQ gap and are in fact scoring higher than men, reports th
16、e Telegraph. IQ, the most widely used measure of intelligence and is determined based on the difference between ones IQ score and the average IQ score of a certain age group. Its thought to be a product of both environmental and 4 factors, and is a statistically reliable indication of future educati
17、onal achievement, job performance and income. But the reasons for differences in IQ for example, between races or gendershave long been widely 5. There are many 6 reasons that women finally surpassed men in IQ after a century of 7 behind, according to Flynn, who is writing a book about IQ and gender
18、. One theory is that women have always been capable of scoring higher but, because of gender stereotypes, never realized their own 8. Gender-based differences in education, breeding and social roles have historically set the standard lower for women. This improvement is more noticeable for women tha
19、n for men 9 they were socially and economically deprived in the past, Flynn told the Telegraph. Now if only women could close in on that 10 wage gap.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A. across B. short C. actual D. tentatively E. altered F. quick G. correctly H. p
20、recise I. potential J. small K. substantial L. honest M. detect N. transformed O. poor On the Internet, nobody knows youre a dog, read the title of a famous Peter Steiner cartoon, and nowhere is it truer than Internet dating. The experience is by now familiar: the 1 mate who seemed just your type in
21、 a profile turns out to be a disappointment in person. There may be ways, however, to spot a lying person before you find yourself 2 from him or her at a table lit by candles. Researchers from Cornell University and the University of Wisconsin-Madison compared the 3 heights, weights, and ages of 78
22、Internet dating participants to their profiles on four dating websites. They noticed several patterns from people who were less than 4. For example, they were less likely to refer to themselves as I; used indirect expressions, like not boring instead of exciting to describe themselves; and stuck to
23、5 descriptions. People do this because they want to distance themselves from their misleading statements, explained Catalina Toma, an author of the study, in a statement. Using these indications, the researchers 6 identified liars about 65 percent of the time. People lied most frequently about their
24、 weight, with women slimming down, on average, by 8.5 pounds, and men by 1.5 pounds. At least half the subjects 7 their height, and nearly 20 percent changed their age. Despite the frequency of lies, volunteers proved 8 at catching them. Fortunately, Toma and the teams research opens up the possibil
25、ity of a software that could 9 lies for you, though Internet dating participants should be careful what they wish fornearly everyone in the study lied in some 10way.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语四级（完形填空）-试卷240答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：5，分数：100.
26、00)1.PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.（分数：20.00）_解析：A. sufficient B. margins C. nearly D. barely E. advances F. exist G. slaughtered H. while I. problems J. large K.
27、doubtful L. denying M. anticipating N. because O. impossible What does the hamburger say about our modern food economy? A lot, actually. Over the past several years Waldo Jaquith intended to make a hamburger from scratch, to no avail. Further reflection revealed that its quite impractical 1 impossib
28、leto make a hamburger from scratch, he writes. Tomatoes are in season in the late summer. Lettuce is in season in spring and fall. Large mammals are 2 in early winter. The process of making such a burger would take nearly a year and would inherently involve omitting some core hamburger ingredients.
29、That the hamburgerour delicious and comforting everyman fooddidnt 3 100 years ago is a greasy, shiny example of all that is both right and wrong with our modern food economy. Thanks to fertilizers, genetically modified crops, concentrated farming operations and global overnight shipping, much of the
30、 world was lifted out of starvation 4 it could finally grow 5 quantities of food with decreasing labor input. But these same 6 that allow food to be grown out of season and in all corners of the globe contribute to a whole host of environmental 7. The industrialization of food, as author Paul Robert
31、s puts it, is an endless cycle driven by very small price 8 that force food processors to adopt more advanced techniques to produce even more food at lower prices. This system will only be aggravated as food demand increases. Recently David Tilman and Jason Hill of the University of Minnesota releas
32、ed a study 9 that global food demand could double by 2050. Its 10that our current, impractical food economy can sustain that demand.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：C）填空项1:_（正确答案：G）填空项1:_（正确答案：F）填空项1:_（正确答案：N）填空项1:_（正确答案：A）填空项1:_（正确答案：E）填空项1:_（正确答案：I）填空项1:_（正确答案：B）填空项1:_（正确答案：M）填空项1:_（正确答案：K）解析：解析：本句为it is+a.+
33、that句型，故此空需填入形容词作表语。本句中it是形式主语，真正主语为“我们现有的不切实际的食品经济能持续那种需求”。上文提到食品需求可能会翻倍，因此能否持续那种需求是doubtful“值得怀疑的”。需求翻倍是种推测(could double)，用impossible过于绝对。A. root B. control C. subjects D. however E. reality F. sharp G. intense H. measure I. express J. impulsive K. pessimistic L. by far M. lie N. for all O. tiny S
34、ome people are friendly drunks, whereas others are hostile, potentially posing a danger to themselves and others. The difference may 1 in their ability to foresee the consequences of their actions, according to a recent study. Brad Bushman, a psychologist at Ohio State University, and his colleagues
35、 asked nearly 500 volunteers to play a simple game. The 2, an even mix of women and men, believed they were competing against an opponent to press a button as quickly as possible. In 3, they were simply using a computer program that randomly decided whether they had won or lost. When they lost, they
36、 received a shock. When the opponent lost, the participant gave the shock and chose how long and 4 it should be. Before playing, the participants completed a survey designed to 5 their general concern for the future consequences of their actions. Half the participants then received enough alcohol mi
37、xed with orange juice to make them legally drunk, and the other half received a drink with a very 6 amount of alcohol in it. Subjects who expressed little interest in consequences were more likely to administer longer, stronger shocks. In the sober group, they were slightly more aggressive than peop
38、le who cared about consequences. When drunk, 7, their aggressiveness was off the charts. They are 8 the most aggressive people in the study, Bushman says. The good news is this trait can be changed. Michael McKloskey, a psychologist at Temple University, explains that if 9 people can learn to see th
39、e situation more realistically, theyre able to stay calmer and develop a sense of 10 over their consequences.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：M）填空项1:_（正确答案：C）填空项1:_（正确答案：E）填空项1:_（正确答案：G）填空项1:_（正确答案：H）填空项1:_（正确答案：O）填空项1:_（正确答案：D）填空项1:_（正确答案：L）填空项1:_（正确答案：J）填空项1:_（正确答案：B）解析：解析：空格应填入名词，作介词of的宾语。“develop a sense o
40、f”与stay calmer“保持更冷静”并列，故两者意思上应相近，词库中的名词control“控制”代入空格，符合要求。A. annoying B. counterparts C. because D. moving E. inherited F. narrowed G. debated H. potential I. sound J. falling K. therefore L. closed M. possible N. destiny O. although Women have long been more in number than men on college campuse
41、s. They also hold more advanced degrees than their male 1. So it makes sense that women would also score higher on IQ tests. But for the last 100 years, theyve lagged behind men by as much as five points 2 their scores have been rising. Finally, according to IQ expert James Flynn, women have 3 the I
42、Q gap and are in fact scoring higher than men, reports the Telegraph. IQ, the most widely used measure of intelligence and is determined based on the difference between ones IQ score and the average IQ score of a certain age group. Its thought to be a product of both environmental and 4 factors, and
43、 is a statistically reliable indication of future educational achievement, job performance and income. But the reasons for differences in IQ for example, between races or gendershave long been widely 5. There are many 6 reasons that women finally surpassed men in IQ after a century of 7 behind, acco
44、rding to Flynn, who is writing a book about IQ and gender. One theory is that women have always been capable of scoring higher but, because of gender stereotypes, never realized their own 8. Gender-based differences in education, breeding and social roles have historically set the standard lower for women. This improvement is more noticeable for women than for men 9 they were socially and economically deprived in the past, Flynn told the Telegraph. Now if only women could close in on that 10 wage gap.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：B）填空项1:_（正确答案：O）填空项1:_（正确答案：L）填空项1:_（正确答案：E）填空
