1、专业英语四级（完形填空）-试卷248及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.（分数：20.00）_A. explore B. distinct C. artistic D. inaccessible
2、E. subjective F. highly G. factual H. decline I. definitively J. currents K. display L. whom M. adequately N. quickened O. tendency Expressionism is an artistic style in which the artist seeks to depict not objective reality but rather the 1 emotions and responses that objects and events arouse in h
3、im. In a broader sense Expressionism is one of the main 2 of art in the late 19th and the 20th centuries. Its 3 subjective, personal self-expression is typical of a wide range of modern artists and art movements. More specifically, Expressionism as a 4 style or movement refers to a number of German
4、artists, as well as Austrian, French, and Russian ones, who became active in the years before World War I and remained so throughout much of the War period. The roots of the German Expressionist school lay in the works of Vincent Van Gogh, Edvard Munch, and James Ensor, each of 5 in the period 1885-
5、1900 evolved a highly personal painting style. These artists used the expressive possibilities of color and line to 6 dramatic and emotion themes, to convey the qualities of fear, horror, etc. They broke away from the literal representation of nature in order to express more subjective outlooks or s
6、tates of mind. The 7 of Expressionism was brought about by the vagueness of its longing for a better world, by its use of highly poetic language, and in general the intensely personal and 8 nature of its mode of presentation. The partial re-establishment of stability in Germany after 1924 and the gr
7、owth of more overtly political styles of social realism 9 the movements decline in the late 1920s. Expressionism was 10 killed by the rise of the Nazis to power in 1933.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A. hardly B. chemistry C. virtually D. counterparts E. tested
8、 F. geometry G. comfort H. less I. instinct J. inherently K. belief L. settle M. reached N. gained O. distinct It is well known that teenage boys tend to do better at math than girls, that male high school students are more likely than their female 1 to tackle advanced math courses like calculus, th
9、at virtually all the great mathematicians have been men. Are women born with 2 mathematical ability? Or does societys sexism slow their progress? In 1980, two Johns Hopkins University researchers tried to 3 the eternal nature/ nurture debate. Julian Stanley and Camilla Benbow had 4 10,000 talented s
10、eventh- and eighth-graders between 1972 and 1979. Using the Scholastic Aptitude Test, in which math questions are meant to measure ability rather than knowledge, they discovered 5 sex differences. While the verbal abilities of the males and females 6 differed, boys twice as many as girls scored over
11、 500(on a scale of 200 to 800)on mathematical ability; at the 700 level, the ratio was 14 to 1. The conclusion: males have 7 superior mathematical reasoning ability. Benbow and Stanleys findings, which were published in Science, disturbed some men and not a few women. Now there is 8 for those people
12、 in a new study from the University of Chicago that suggests math is not, after all, a natural male domain. Prof. Zalman Usiskin studied 1,366 tenth graders. They were selected from 9 classes and tested on their ability to solve geometry proofs, a subject requiring both abstract reasoning and spatia
13、l ability. The conclusion 10 by Usiskin: there are no sex differences in math ability.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A. probably B. plant C. reasoning D. ability E. stage F. species G. mammal H. differ I. prehistoric J. period K. contact L. association M. defin
14、itely N. lies in O. distinguish The amazing success of man as a 1is the result of the evolutionary development of our brains which has led, among other things, to tool-using, tool-making, the ability to solve problems by logical 2, thoughtful cooperation, and language. One of the most striking ways
15、in which chimpanzees biologically resemble humans 3 the structure of their brains. The chimpanzee, with his capacity for primitive reasoning, exhibits a type of intelligence more like that of humans than does any other 4 living today. The brain of the modern chimpanzee is 5 not too dissimilar to the
16、 brain that so many millions of years ago directed the behavior of the first ape man. For a long time, the fact that 6 man made tools was considered to be one of the major criteria to 7 them from other creatures. It is true that the chimpanzee does not fashion his tools to a regular and set patternb
17、ut then, primitive man, before his development of stone tools, undoubtedly poked around with sticks and straws, at which 8 it seems unlikely that he made tools to a set pattern either. It is because of the close 9 in most peoples minds of tools with man that special attention has always been focused
18、 upon any animal able to use an object as a tool; but it is important to realize that this 10, on its own, does not necessarily indicate any special intelligence in the creature concerned.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A. income B. polarization C. transformatio
19、ns D. old E. changes F. worse G. relaxed H. thereby I. division J. accompanying K. developed L. modest M. therein N. worked O. underdeveloped The introduction of new varieties of rice and wheat in Asia and Latin America has been known as the Green Revolution. So far the new seeds and the 1technology
20、 have not resulted in increased agricultural production per head or reduced malnutrition. The direct, quantitative effects of high-yielding variation of food grains have been 2. The indirect and quantitative effects, however, have sometimes been significant. The new technology has led to 3 in crop p
21、attern and in methods of production. It has accelerated the development of a market-orientated, capitalist agriculture. It has encouraged the growth of wage labor, and 4 helped to create or augment a class of agricultural laborers. It has increased the power of landowners, and this in turn has been
22、associated with a greater 5 of classes and intensified conflict Changes in status and class alignments have been accompanied by changes in the distribution of 6. Profits and rents have increased absolutely and relatively. The share of wages has declined and in some instances real wages rates or the
23、number of days 7, or both, have declined. In short, an 8system of agriculture, slowly or swiftly is in the process of being destroyed by the advance of contemporary technology. The policies that have accompanied the Green Revolution in many 9 countries have aggravated the problems these countries fa
24、ce. Supplies of some commodities have increased, but the rate of growth of total agricultural production has shown little tendency to rise. At the same time, inequality has become 10, and poverty has increased absolutely.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语四级（完形
25、填空）-试卷248答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.（分数：20.00）_解析：A. explore B. distinct C. artistic D. inaccessible E. subj
26、ective F. highly G. factual H. decline I. definitively J. currents K. display L. whom M. adequately N. quickened O. tendency Expressionism is an artistic style in which the artist seeks to depict not objective reality but rather the 1 emotions and responses that objects and events arouse in him. In
27、a broader sense Expressionism is one of the main 2 of art in the late 19th and the 20th centuries. Its 3 subjective, personal self-expression is typical of a wide range of modern artists and art movements. More specifically, Expressionism as a 4 style or movement refers to a number of German artists
28、, as well as Austrian, French, and Russian ones, who became active in the years before World War I and remained so throughout much of the War period. The roots of the German Expressionist school lay in the works of Vincent Van Gogh, Edvard Munch, and James Ensor, each of 5 in the period 1885-1900 ev
29、olved a highly personal painting style. These artists used the expressive possibilities of color and line to 6 dramatic and emotion themes, to convey the qualities of fear, horror, etc. They broke away from the literal representation of nature in order to express more subjective outlooks or states o
30、f mind. The 7 of Expressionism was brought about by the vagueness of its longing for a better world, by its use of highly poetic language, and in general the intensely personal and 8 nature of its mode of presentation. The partial re-establishment of stability in Germany after 1924 and the growth of
31、 more overtly political styles of social realism 9 the movements decline in the late 1920s. Expressionism was 10 killed by the rise of the Nazis to power in 1933.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：E）填空项1:_（正确答案：J）填空项1:_（正确答案：F）填空项1:_（正确答案：B）填空项1:_（正确答案：L）填空项1:_（正确答案：A）填空项1:_（正确答案：H）填空项1:_（正确答案：D）填空项1:_（正确答案：N）填空
32、项1:_（正确答案：I）解析：解析：空格处应填入副词，修饰killed，表明表现主义的消亡程度，definitively“最终地”符合语境；adequately“足够地”不能修饰killed，故排除。A. hardly B. chemistry C. virtually D. counterparts E. tested F. geometry G. comfort H. less I. instinct J. inherently K. belief L. settle M. reached N. gained O. distinct It is well known that teenag
33、e boys tend to do better at math than girls, that male high school students are more likely than their female 1 to tackle advanced math courses like calculus, that virtually all the great mathematicians have been men. Are women born with 2 mathematical ability? Or does societys sexism slow their pro
34、gress? In 1980, two Johns Hopkins University researchers tried to 3 the eternal nature/ nurture debate. Julian Stanley and Camilla Benbow had 4 10,000 talented seventh- and eighth-graders between 1972 and 1979. Using the Scholastic Aptitude Test, in which math questions are meant to measure ability
35、rather than knowledge, they discovered 5 sex differences. While the verbal abilities of the males and females 6 differed, boys twice as many as girls scored over 500(on a scale of 200 to 800)on mathematical ability; at the 700 level, the ratio was 14 to 1. The conclusion: males have 7 superior mathe
36、matical reasoning ability. Benbow and Stanleys findings, which were published in Science, disturbed some men and not a few women. Now there is 8 for those people in a new study from the University of Chicago that suggests math is not, after all, a natural male domain. Prof. Zalman Usiskin studied 1,
37、366 tenth graders. They were selected from 9 classes and tested on their ability to solve geometry proofs, a subject requiring both abstract reasoning and spatial ability. The conclusion 10 by Usiskin: there are no sex differences in math ability.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：D）填空项1:_（正确答案：H）填空项1:_（正确答案：L）填
38、空项1:_（正确答案：E）填空项1:_（正确答案：O）填空项1:_（正确答案：A）填空项1:_（正确答案：J）填空项1:_（正确答案：G）填空项1:_（正确答案：F）填空项1:_（正确答案：M）解析：解析：空格后的by Usiskin提示空格处应填入动词的过去分词作后置定语，修饰The conclusion。词库中的reached与conclusion搭配，表示“得出结论”，句意通顺，符合逻辑故选M。A. probably B. plant C. reasoning D. ability E. stage F. species G. mammal H. differ I. prehistori
39、c J. period K. contact L. association M. definitely N. lies in O. distinguish The amazing success of man as a 1is the result of the evolutionary development of our brains which has led, among other things, to tool-using, tool-making, the ability to solve problems by logical 2, thoughtful cooperation
40、, and language. One of the most striking ways in which chimpanzees biologically resemble humans 3 the structure of their brains. The chimpanzee, with his capacity for primitive reasoning, exhibits a type of intelligence more like that of humans than does any other 4 living today. The brain of the mo
41、dern chimpanzee is 5 not too dissimilar to the brain that so many millions of years ago directed the behavior of the first ape man. For a long time, the fact that 6 man made tools was considered to be one of the major criteria to 7 them from other creatures. It is true that the chimpanzee does not f
42、ashion his tools to a regular and set patternbut then, primitive man, before his development of stone tools, undoubtedly poked around with sticks and straws, at which 8 it seems unlikely that he made tools to a set pattern either. It is because of the close 9 in most peoples minds of tools with man
43、that special attention has always been focused upon any animal able to use an object as a tool; but it is important to realize that this 10, on its own, does not necessarily indicate any special intelligence in the creature concerned.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：F）填空项1:_（正确答案：C）填空项1:_（正确答案：N）填空项1:_（正确答案：G）
44、填空项1:_（正确答案：A）填空项1:_（正确答案：I）填空项1:_（正确答案：O）填空项1:_（正确答案：E）填空项1:_（正确答案：L）填空项1:_（正确答案：D）解析：解析：空格前的this提示，空格处应填入名词，“this -|_|-”指代的是上文提到的“将某种物品作为工具使用”，这是一种“能力”，词库中的ability“能力”符合要求。A. income B. polarization C. transformations D. old E. changes F. worse G. relaxed H. thereby I. division J. accompanying K. developed L. modest M. therein N. worked O. underdeveloped The introduction of new varieties of rice and wheat in Asia and Latin America has been known as the Green Revolution. So far t
