1、2014届北京市石景山区高三上学期期末考试英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes willpower is a lot like the television remote control hard to find just when you want it most 【小题 1】 But there are ways to increase your willpower Dont try to change your economic situation, win a promotion an
2、d lose weight all on the same morning. Set one clear, specific goal and make a realistic plan to achieve it Extra willpower sometimes requires extra energy, so dont spread yourself too thin 【小题 2】 Whatever your goal is, dont expect to achieve it overnight 【小题 3】 If you are trying to kick a coffee ha
3、bit, start by replacing your morning cup of coffee with a glass of water, instead of promising never to drink coffee again. Congratulate yourself on the small achievements. These successes help your willpower grow 【小题 4】 Ask friends, family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exactly how they
4、 can help. If your credit card bills have risen, for instance, let friends know that you are cutting back on expenses. Suggest having a common dinner instead of meeting at an expensive restaurant. Find a support group or organization related to your goal and attend their meetings. You can get valuab
5、le advice, understanding and information. If possible, change your environment to encourage positive behavior Want to get in shape Keep an extra set of workout clothes in your office as a reminder to stop by the gym on the way home Quitting smoking 【小题 5】 A Real success takes time B Focus on one goa
6、l at a time C Change your environment to change your life D Improve your willpower by a support network E. Changing your behavior requires more than willpower F. Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light up G. Breaking a bad habit or forming a new and healthy one can be difficu
7、lt 答案： 【小题 1】 G 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 D 【小题 5】 F 试题分析 : 本文讲述的是提高我们的意志力的重要性和多种不同的方法 【小题 1】 G根据下句 But there are ways to increase your willpower.有很多提高意志力的方法，句首的 but说明前句与这句有转折关系，故 G项：去除坏习惯和养成新习惯都很困难符合上下文 【小题 2】 B根据前句 Extra willpower sometimes requires extra energy, so dont stretch yourself too thin.可
8、知锻炼前面的意志力需要额外的精力。所以不要一下子设很多的目标，那样不现实，一次一个即可。故 B正确 【小题 3】 A 根据前句 Whatever your goal is, dont expect to achieve it overnight.不要指望一下子就成功。也就是指：真正的成功是需要时间的。故 A正确。 【小题 4】 D根据下句 Ask friends, family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exactly how they can help.可知可以向别人求助，不要单独靠自己。也就是说要靠一个支持的网络来提高自己的意志力
9、。故 D正确 【小题 5】 F 根据前句 Quitting smoking 可知我们要克服抽烟一些不好的生活习惯，故 F项内容 Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light up.避免去酒吧或者餐厅，因为在那里你很容易就被吸引再次抽烟 考点：信息匹配 单项选择 * The education of young is always hot and serious topic. A the, the B the, a C a， the D a, a 答案： B It is important to know abou
10、t the cultural differences that cause problems. A must B dare C shall D may 答案： D If we earlier, we couldnt be waiting here in a queue. A have started B started C start D had started 答案： D Our country should set up more national parks animals can live freely. A when B which C where D whose 答案： C Can
11、 the project be finished as planned Sure. it completed in time, well work two more hours a day. A Get B To get C Getting D Got 答案： B Dont litter in the street in Singapore, you could be arrested. A or B and C but D so 答案： A In the past several weeks, many cities in Northern China from heavy fogs and
12、 severe cold. A had suffered B have been suffering C were suffered D suffered 答案： B she was out of the room, he took a quick look at the papers on her desk. A If B While C Though D Unless 答案： B Visitors to the hills are greeted by signs them to look out. A warn B to warn C warning D warned 答案： C It
13、is already well understood causes the global warming. A what B when C that D how 答案： A Jim has gone to Britain to see a modern art exhibition. Oh, really Do you know when he A leaves B will leave C was leaving D left 答案： D She looks rather upset. She the exam. I guess so. Its very difficult after al
14、l. A must have failed B can fail C would have failed D should fail 答案： A Are you expecting to receive a digital camera as a gift Yeah! I cant wait to get . A some B any C it D one 答案： D The listeners were much than hoped. There were so many tickets left. A fewer B larger C more D less 答案： A He has b
15、een the computer for two hours, chatting with a boy from Australia. A in B on C at D by 答案： C 完型填空 That morning, I stepped into the classroom, ready to share my knowledge and experience with seventy-five students who would be my English Literature class. Having taught in for seventeen years, I had n
16、o about my ability to hold their attention and toimpress on them my for the literature of my mother tongue. As I entered the room, I was when the monitor shouted: “Stand up!” The entire class rose, and I was somewhat about how to get them to sit down again. Once that awkwardness was over, I quickly
17、my calmness and began what I thought was an informed lecture, sure to gain their respect perhaps their admiration. I went back to my office with the rosy glow which came from a sense of achievement. I asked my students to keep as homework. However, as I read them, the rosy glow was gradually by a st
18、rong sense of sadness. The first diary said, “Our literature teacher didnt teach us anything today. her next lecture will be better.” Greatly surprised, I read diary after diary, each expressing a theme. “Didnt I teach them anything I described the entire philosophical framework of Western thought a
19、nd laid the historical for all the works well study in class,” I complained. “How they say I didnt teach them anything ” It was a long term, and it became clear that my ideas about were not the same as those of my students. I thought a teachers job was to raise questions and provide enough backgroun
20、d so that students could their own conclusions. My students thought a teachers job was to provide information as directly and clearly as possible. What a difference! , I benefited a lot, for my experience with my Chinese students has made me a American teacher, knowing how to teach in a different cu
21、lture. 【小题1】 A England B America C China D Australia A worry B idea C doubt D skill A profession B admiration C explanation D expression A attracted B embarrassed C amused D shocked A puzzled B sure C worried D curious A reminded B returned C regained D recovered A more B even C yet D still A discus
22、sions B notes C compositions D diaries A replaced B frightened C troubled D moved A Later B Perhaps C Somehow D Indeed A common B strong C similar D strange A happenings B characters C development D background A should B need C will D must A immediately B certainly C simply D gradually A admiration
23、B question C education D conclusion A difficult B interesting C essential D general A draw B find C search D offer A special B standard C exact D serious A Therefore B However C Then D Though A richer B happier C friendlier D better 答案： 【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 B 【小题 4】 D 【小题 5】 A 【小题 6】 C 【小题 7】 B
24、【小题 8】 D 【小题 9】 A 【小题 10】 B 【小题 11】 C 【小题 12】 D 【小题 13】 A 【小题 14】 D 【小题 15】 C 【小题 16】 B 【小题 17】 A 【小题 18】 C 【小题 19】 B 【小题 20】 D 试题分析：我是一名在美国教了 17年书的教师，信心满满的来中国教书。却发现由于文化的差异，我的教育理念和学生们的并不同。在和中国学生在一起的日子，我学会了处在不同的文化背景下，如何去教学生 【小题 1】 A 考查名词辨析 England 英格兰； America 美国； china 中国；Australia 澳大利亚。根据 I also le
25、arned a lot, and my experience with my Chinese students has made me a better American teacher, knowing how to teach in a different culture,故选 B 【小题 2】 C 考查名词辨析 worry 烦恼； idea 想法； doubt 怀疑； skill技巧。根据 Having taught in the US for seventeen years，可知我并不怀疑我的能力，故选C 【小题 3】 B 考查名词辨析 profession 专业； admiratio
26、n 钦佩； explanation解释；expression 表达。句意我对母语文学的赞赏给他们留下深刻的印象 Impress on sb sth.此处指他确信能给学生留下深刻的印象，所以选 B项。 【小题 4】 D 考查动词辨析 attracted 吸引； embarrassed令人尴尬； amused 令人愉快的的； shocked震惊。句意 当我走进教室，当班长喊起立时我很震惊。根据下文出现的 Once that awkwardness was over，当这种局促不安结束时，可推知当时作者是很震惊的，所以选 D项。 【小题 5】 A 考查形容词辨析 puzzled 迷惑的； sure
27、确定的； worried着急的；curious 好奇的。句意 当全班起立时，我不怎的，很迷惑，是如何让他们坐下，be puzzled about 对。困惑，符合情景。所以选 A项。 【小题 6】 C 考查动词辨析 reminded 提醒； returned 返回； regained重新获得；recovered 恢复。 but once that awkwardness was over提醒读者他开始见到那情景有点局促不安，到很快又重新获得平静 calmness。所以 Regain正确 【小题 7】 B 考查副词辨析 more 更多； even 甚至； yet然而； still仍然。句意当恢复
28、平静后，我认为开始获得他们的尊敬甚至是敬佩。 admiration是在 respect基础上的递进，所以用 even符合这一空， B正确 【小题 8】 D 考查名词辨析 discussion 讨论； notes 注意； compositions 作文；diaries日记。学生们写日记，我从中看出他们对我的看法 keep kiaries 记日记。所以选 D项。 【小题 9】 A 考查动词辨析 replaced 代替； frightened 害怕； troubled麻烦；moved 移动。句意 读到学生的日记，原来萦绕在我心头的自我好感很 快褪色了，取而代之的是悲伤。 Be replaced by
29、.被 .取代，所以 A正确 【小题 10】 B 考查副词辨析 later 后来； perhaps 也许； somehow 不管怎么样；indeed确实、根据 Our literature teacher didnt teach us anything today以及 her next lecture will be better学生对我的下一次课的一种期望，但也不肯定。 Perhaps也许，是最佳答案： 【小题 11】 C 考查形容词辨析 common 普通的； strong强壮的； similar 类似的；strange奇怪的。句意 每个同学都在日记中表达一个相似的想法，那就是他们没学到东西
30、，或者一无所获。再根据 Didnt I teach them anything 可知他们表达得相似的主题所以 C正确 【小题 12】 D 考查名词辨析 happenings 事件； characters 性格； development发展； background背景。根据 all the works well study in class以及 I thought a teachers job was to raise interesting questions and provide enough background，可知我为他们说明了我们课上所学的文学作品的历史背景，故选 D 【小题 13
31、】 A 考查情态动词辨析 should 应该； need需要； will 将要； must 必须。句意 他们怎么能说我什么都没教他们呢？ should表示说话人惊奇、愤怒、失望等情感，与前面学生和我的相反反映是吻合的故选 A 【小题 14】 D 考查副词辨析 immediately 立刻地； certainly 必然； simply 仅仅；gradually 逐渐地。根据 It was a long term以及 my ideas about education were not the same as those of my students，可知我逐渐明白了，故选 D 【小题 15】 C
32、考查名词辨析 admiration 钦佩； question 问题； education 教育；conclusion 结论；句意 我的教育理念和我的学生们不同， those 代替上文提到ideas ,所以选 C项。 【小题 16】 B 考查形容词辨析 difficult 困难的； interesting 有趣的； essential 必要的； general 普遍的。在我看来，教师的工作就是提出有趣的问题并提供必要的背景知识，然后学生通过思考得出自己的结论。要启迪学生思考，问题应该要有吸引力，所以 B正确 【小题 17】 A 考查动词辨析 draw 绘制，拉 得出； find 发现； sear
33、ch寻找； offer提供。 draw a conclusion得出结论，为固定搭配 句意 我认为教师的工作就是提出一个有趣的问题，提供足够的背景，然后让学生自己得出结论 【小题 18】 C 考查形容词 辨析 special 特殊的； standard 标准； exact 确切的；serious 严重的。而我的中国学生的观念是，老师应该直接将确切地知识信息教给他们，不是去自己摸索。后文的 as directly and clearly as possible是提示，所以选 C项。 【小题 19】 B 考查副词辨析 therefore 因此； however 然而； then然后； though
34、虽然。虽然这中间我很纠结，但我也懂得了一些东西。这里有转折对比的意思。所以 B正确 【小题 20】 D 考查形容词辨析 richer 富有的 ； happier幸福的； friendlier 友好的；better 好的。句意 我与我的中国学生的经历使我成为了一个更好的老师，一个知道在不同文化背景下如何教书的老师。根据 knowing how to teach in a different culture所以 D是正确答案： 考点 故事类短文。 阅读理解 Happiness through Honorable Actions Do you want to live with a strong s
35、ense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self-respect The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” help you create this life of good feelings. Here is an example to show how honorable actions create happiness. Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep s
36、ilent, and profit from the clerks mistake, we would drive home with a sense of mean excitement. Later we might tell our family of friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave
37、 the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul. Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness In the first case, where we dont tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we wou
38、ld lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerks attention causes different things to hap
39、pen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility. There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a l
40、ife of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And its easy to think and act honorably again when were happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once its started, its easy to continue. Keeping on doing good d
41、eeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness. 【小题 1】 According to the passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our _. A self-respect B financial rewards C advertising ability D friendly relationship 【小题 2】 The author thinks that keeping silent about the unchar
42、ged item is equal to _. A lying B stealing C cheating D advertising 【小题 3】 The underlined phrase “bringing the error to the clerks attention” means _. A offering advice to the clerk B telling the truth to the clerk C asking the clerk to be more attentive D reminding the clerk of the charged item 【小题
43、 4】 How does the positive cycle work according to the author 答案： 【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 B 【小题 4】 C 试题分析 : 本文是篇议论文，文章指出过高尚的生活，造就美好的正循环生活。高尚思想造就高尚行为，高尚行为造就幸福的存在。有了幸福感，再次思想高尚，行为得体就很容易。尽管正循环开始难，而一旦开始了，就容易持续下去。不断做好事给我们以心灵的宁静，这对幸福非常重要 【小题 1】 A 细节推断题。根据第五段中的 Upon leaving the store,we feel honorable and o
44、ur self-respect is increased.可判断出积极的行为可以增强我们的自尊心， 所以选 A项。 【小题 2】 B细节题。 根据第五段中的 In the first case,when we dont tell the clerk,a couple of things would happen.Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief.可判断出作者认为如果对没有付款的东西保持沉默，是一种盗窃行为。所以选 B项。 【小题 3】 B 猜测词义题。根据第五段中的 Immediately the clerk
45、 knows us to be honorable.可判断出 bringing the error to the clerks attention意思是告诉售货员真相，所以选 B项。 【小题 4】 C 细节理解题。根据最后一段提到的 Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence.可知选 有Honorable thoughts再有 honorable actions，再有 a happier existence，再根据最后一段第一句话提到 There i
46、s a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions.他们会形成一个良性循环，故选 C项。 考点 日常生活类阅读。 Travel Unaccompanied Now many young people are traveling around the world on their own, not because they have no one to travel with, but because they prefer to go alone Kristina Wegschei
47、der from California first traveled alone when she was at college and believes that it is something everyone should do at least once in their life. “It opens up your mind to new things and pushes you out of your comfort zone.” Wegscheider has visited 46 countries covering all seven continents In fore
48、ign countries, with no one to help you read a map, look after you if you get ill, or lend you money if your wallet is stolen. It is challenging. This is what drives young people to travel alone It is seen as character building and a chance to prove that they can make it on their own Chris Richardson decided to leave his sales job in Australia to go traveling last year He set up a website, The Aussie Nomad, to document his adventures. He said he wished he had traveled alone earlier. “The people you mee
