1、Designation: F2946 12 (Reapproved 2017) An American National StandardStandard Specification forPVC Hub and Elastomeric Seal (Gasket) Tee Connection forJoining Plastic Pipe to Insitu Pipelines and Manholes11This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2946; the number immediately following th
2、e designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification cover
3、s the minimum performance andmaterial requirements for a three piece tee connector forconnection between plastic pipe and insitu pipes, manholes andwastewater structures in sanitary and storm sewer applications.1.1.1 The three piece seal system consists of a 4 through30-in. PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
4、hub pipe, an elastomeric seal(gasket) and a mechanical band (Fig. 1). The system is installedin either a bored or cast hole opening in the host pipe orstructure to a specific dimension that corresponds to thecombined diameter of the PVC pipe outside diameter/toleranceand the elastomeric seal thickne
5、ss.1.2 These tee connectors are designed to provide a non-pressure (gravity flow) watertight connection between theincoming pipe and an insitu pipe or manhole/structure to thelimits defined in this standard.NOTE 1Connections covered by this specification are adequate forlaboratory hydrostatic pressu
6、res up to 13 psi (30 ft of head) withoutleakage when tested in accordance with the provisions of this standard.Infiltration or exfiltration quantities for an installed system are dependentupon many factors other than the connections between incoming pipe andthe insitu pipe or manhole structure, and
7、allowable quantities may need tobe covered by other specifications and suitable testing of the installedpipeline and system. Where connections are made to concrete manholesections refer to Specification C923.NOTE 2These connectors are not resilient connectors, and as such,allow for only a limited am
8、ount of lateral movement due to the tightcompression seal between the PVC hub and insitu pipe/structure. Sincethese connectors are not rigid fittings, a significant amount of axialmovement can be accommodated, but the degree of intrusion into the hostpipe/structure must be regulated to minimize the
9、impact on flow charac-teristics or hydraulic design conditions.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibil
10、ity of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, andenvironmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionstatement, see Section 7.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with international
11、ly recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A493 Specific
12、ation for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rodsfor Cold Heading and Cold ForgingA666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked AusteniticStainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat BarC822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProductsC923 Specification for Resilient Connectors Between Rei
13、n-forced Concrete Manhole Structures, Pipes, and LateralsD1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD1785 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) PlasticPipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120D2665 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) PlasticDrain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and FittingsD3034 Specification
14、for Type PSM Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Sewer Pipe and FittingsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Join-ing Plastic PipeF679 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Large-Diameter Plastic Gravity Sewer Pipe and FittingsF1417 P
15、ractice for Installation Acceptance of Plastic Non-pressure Sewer Lines Using Low-Pressure AirF2487 Practice for Infiltration and Exfiltration AcceptanceTesting of Installed Corrugated High Density Polyethyl-ene and Polypropylene Pipelines1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
16、 F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2017. Published September 2017. Originallyapproved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F294612. DOI:10.1520/F294612R172For referenced ASTM standards, visit
17、 the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959
18、. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Ba
19、rriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.12.2 AWWA Standard:3C900 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe and Fabri-cated Fittings, 4 in. Through 12 in. (100 mm Through 300mm), for Water Transmission and Distribution3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms relating to plastics and rubber shall be asdefined i
20、n Terminologies F412 and D1566, respectively.3.1.2 Terms relating to precast concrete pipe, manholes, andrelated products shall be as defined in Terminology C822.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 connector, nthe entire assembly including pipe hub,elastomeric seal and mechanica
21、l band.3.2.2 insitu, adjreflects the condition of the pipe, manholeor waste water structure that serves as the host to the connector.These facilities are existing structures that has been excavatedfor the purposes of tapping or connecting into the line.3.2.3 mechanical band, nmetallic or nonmetallic
22、 me-chanical device used for compressing an elastomeric sealagainst a pipes outside diameter wall, typically a stainless steelworm screw clamp.3.2.4 pipe hub, na short section of pipe used to made awatertight connection to the incoming pipeline. This pipe hubis typically made from the same pipe mate
23、rial and meeting thesame ASTM standard as the incoming pipeline.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 All materials shall conform to the following require-ments:4.1.1 Elastomeric SealsGasket materials for connectorsshall meet the requirements of F477.4.2 Mechanical Device or BandTake-up devices used forme
24、chanically compressing the resilient portion of the connec-tor against the pipe, manhole or wastewater structure shall bemade from a material or materials in combination that willensure durability, strength, resistance to corrosion, and haveproperties that will ensure continued resistance to leakage
25、. Allmetallic mechanical devices, including castings and bolt as-semblies used to mechanically deform elastomeric seals shallbe constructed of corrosion resistant materials meeting thephysical properties and chemical composition requirements ofSpecifications A493 and A666, Type 302 through Type 316.
26、The minimum torque requirement for securing the band aroundthe PVC hub shall be 60 in-lbs.4.3 PVC HubsPVC pipe and joint sections that constitutethe hub component of this system shall be fabricated from pipeand joint that meet the requirements of either SpecificationD1785, D2665, D3034, F679 or AWWA
27、 C900.NOTE 3Experience has shown that successful performance of thisproduct depends on the type of bedding and backfill and the care in thefield installation of the manhole or wastewater structure and connectingpipes. The owner is cautioned that field inspection at the construction sitemay be necess
28、ary.5. Principles of Design5.1 The design of the connector shall be such that positiveseal is accomplished at two locations: (1) between the elasto-meric seal and the wall of the insitu pipe, manhole orwastewater structure and (2) between the elastomeric seal andthe pipe hub. The watertight seal bet
29、ween the insitu pipe,manhole or waste water structure is made by the compressionof the gasket between the insitu structure and the pipe hub.5.1.1 The seal between the connector and the wall of theinsitu pipe, manhole or wastewater structure shall be made bymechanical means, compression of the elasto
30、meric seal be-tween the outside surface of the pipe hub and the opening in thewall of the insitu pipe, manhole or wastewater structure.3Available from American Water Works Association (AWWA), 6666 W. QuincyAve., Denver, CO 80235, http:/www.awwa.org.FIG. 1 Three-Piece Sealing System (Connector)F2946
31、12 (2017)25.1.2 The seal between the connector and the pipe hub shallbe made by mechanical means by compression of the elasto-meric material against the outside of the pipe hub with amechanical devise or band. Devices used to effect mechanicalseals shall conform to the requirements specified in Sect
32、ion 4.5.2 All pipe stubs installed shall allow for future connectionto the insitu pipe, manhole or wastewater structure, and bemechanically restrained from movement by means of theelastomeric connectors. If an internal and external lip or seal ismade with the insitu pipe, manhole or waste water stru
33、cturewith the elastomeric seal, this seal shall not extend more than0.25 in. (6.25 mm) into the flow channel or void area of theinsitu structure.6. Basis of Acceptance6.1 Laboratory Testing:6.1.1 For each connector diameter, type and configuration atleast one connector shall be laboratory tested per
34、 year inaccordance with the procedures in Section 7. Tests shall beconducted on each combination of size, connector, pipematerial, and pipe/structure.6.1.2 The acceptability of the resilient connector shall bedetermined by the results of the physical tests prescribed in thisspecification, if and whe
35、re required, and by inspection, todetermine whether the connector conforms to the specificationwith regards to design and freedom from defects.6.1.3 When requested, a current certification shall be fur-nished as the basis of acceptance. The certification shall consistof third party test report, acco
36、mpanied by a copy of the testresults, that the connector has been tested and inspected inaccordance with the provisions of Section 4 and Section 7.Each certification so furnished shall be signed by the connectormanufacturer or an authorized agent.6.1.4 Certification shall be deemed current, if it re
37、presentspresent design, and bears a date that is no more than one yearolder than the current date.6.2 Tee Bending Test:6.2.1 TeesThe tee connector shall be subjected to a load asillustrated in Fig. 2. The load shall result in a minimumbending moment of 100 ftlbf (136 Nm). The procedure may bemodifie
38、d providing the resultant bending moment is main-tained.NOTE 4The tee bending test is intended to insure the connector wheninstalled in the insitu pipe/structure has adequate strength to preventdislodging during installation and construction. It is not intended tovalidate the structural capacity of
39、the either the connector or hoststructure.6.3 Field Testing:6.3.1 When required in the project documents, field air testsof connectors placed into insitu pipelines shall be conductedaccording the requirements of Specification F1417. Only theconnector needs to be evaluated, the incoming lateral pipe,
40、which adjoins the connector, or the insitu pipe does not need toconstitute part of this test.NOTE 5When field pressure testing joint connections, extreme careneeds to be taken to insure all bulkheads and plugs are properly securedand braced to prevent movement. This standard does not address all the
41、field related procedures necessary to conduct a safe test.6.3.2 In lieu of the requirements in section 6.3.1, if the pipeused in the insitu pipeline is within the scope of SpecificationF2487, it is permitted to evaluate the performance and accep-tance of the connector as part of the infiltration and
42、 exfiltrationtest of the pipeline in accordance with the requirements ofSpecification F2487. The performance of the pipeline shall, asa minimum, be 200 gal/in/day (18.5 L/mm of internal diam-eter) or the project requirements, whichever is more severe orhas the higher requirement.NOTE 6Field performa
43、nce depends greatly on the accuracy of the fieldcored hole in the host pipe, and the relative condition of the host pipe withregards to its overall deformation and deflection.7. Test Methods and Requirements7.1 Install a pipe(s) and the connector(s) to be tested in thebase section of a pipe, manhole
44、 or wastewater structure.Subject the assembly to the prescribed hydrostatic pressure in7.2 at the centerline of the connector for a period of 10 min foreach test condition. Restrain the pipe against axial movementduring the tests.FIG. 2 Tee Bending Test (Schematic Representation)F2946 12 (2017)3NOTE
45、 7The user of this specification is advised that if manhole basesgreater than 48 in. inside diameter are required to accommodate largediameter connectors for the test, all safety requirements and proceduresshould be reviewed prior to the test.7.1.1 Install a lateral and connector to be tested into t
46、hepipe. Subject the assembly to the prescribed hydrostatic pres-sure in 7.2 for a period of 10 min for each test condition.Restrain the lateral against axial movement during the tests.7.2 There shall be no leakage under any of the followingconditions:7.2.1 Straight alignment of the pipe(s)/lateral(s
47、) subjected toa hydrostatic pressure of 15 psi (35 ft) for 10 min.7.3 Leakage shall be construed to mean freely drippingwater emanating at the interface between the connector andbase of the manhole or wastewater structure, or the pipe;between the connector and the filler rings; or through the bodyof
48、 the connector and the filler rings; or through the body of theconnector itself.7.4 Moisture appearing at random locations on the base ofthe outlet in the form of patches or beads adhering to thesurfaces shall not be considered leakage.8. Rejection and Rehearing8.1 If the results of any test(s) do n
49、ot meet the requirementsof this specification, the test(s) shall be conducted again inaccordance with an agreement between the owner and themanufacturer. There shall be no agreement to lower theminimum requirement of the specification by such means asomitting tests that are a part of the specification, substituting ormodifying a test method, or by changing the specificationlimits. In retesting, the product requirements of this specifica-tion shall be met, and the test methods designated in thisspecification shall be followed. If, upon retest, failure occurs,the q
