1、Designation: A493 16Standard Specification forStainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading andCold Forging1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A493; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers cold
3、-finished and hot-finishedstainless steel wire and wire rods for cold heading or coldforging for applications, such as fasteners, where corrosionresistance is a factor.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions
4、 to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to IntergranularAttack in Austenitic Stainless SteelsA555/A555M Specification for General Requirements forStainless Steel Wire and
5、 Wire RodsA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel Products3. Ordering Information3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify allrequirements that are necessary for material ordered under thisspecification. Such requirements may include, but are notl
6、imited to the following:3.1.1 Quantity (weight),3.1.2 Size (diameter),3.1.3 Type or UNS number (see Table 1),3.1.4 Name (wire or wire rods),3.1.5 ASTM designation and issue date,3.1.6 Condition (see 5.2),3.1.7 Coating (see 5.3),3.1.8 Coil size (inside and outside diameter),3.1.9 Special requirements
7、, and3.1.10 Supplementary requirements.4. General Requirements for Delivery4.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification, allrequirements of the current editions of Specification A555/A555M shall apply. Failure to comply with the generalrequirements of Specification A555/A555M constitute
8、s non-conformance with this specification.NOTE 1Atypical ordering description is as follows: 5000 lb (2268 kg)0.225 in. (5.72 mm) round Type 305 cold heading wire, lightly drafted,copper coated, 32 in. (813 mm) max OD22 in. (559 mm) min ID, coils,ASTM Specification A493 XX. End use: hex head machine
9、 bolts.5. Manufacture5.1 Heat Treatment:5.1.1 Austenitic grades shall be annealed at 1800F (980C)minimum, so that grain boundary carbides enter into solution,and rapidly quenched to prevent grain boundary precipitationof carbides that would cause susceptibility to intergranularcorrosion. See Supplem
10、entary Requirements.5.1.2 Ferritic and martensitic grades shall be annealed tomeet the requirements for mechanical properties.5.2 Condition:5.2.1 Wire shall be furnished in one of the followingconditions:5.2.1.1 Lightly drafted (normal condition and need not bespecified if this is condition desired)
11、,5.2.1.2 Annealed, or5.2.1.3 Drafted to a specified tensile strength range (asagreed upon between purchaser and producer).5.2.2 Rods shall be furnished in the annealed condition,scale removed.5.3 Coatings and Lubricants:5.3.1 Coatings are necessary for most cold-heading orforming operations. An elec
12、troplated copper coating is oftenused. The following coatings may be specified: copper, lime, orspecial (as agreed upon between purchaser and producer).5.3.2 Lubricants are applied over the coating during thefinal drafting operation performed by the producer. Soap is1This specification is under the
13、jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.17 on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.Current edition approved March 1, 2016. Published March 2016. Originallyapproved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in
14、2013 as A493 09 (2013).DOI: 10.1520/A0493-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Ch
15、anges section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1generally used. The following lubricants may be specified:soap, grease, or special (as agreed upon between purchaser andproducer).6. Chem
16、ical Requirements6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements for chemicalcomposition specified in Table 1.6.2 Methods and practices relating to chemical analysisrequired by this specification shall be in accordance with TestMethods, Practices, and Terminology A751.7. Mechanical Requirements7.1 T
17、he material shall conform to the requirements as tomechanical properties specified in Table 2. Material can bemanufactured to tensile strength ranges other than those shownin Table 2. The producer should be consulted when material isrequired to tensile strength ranges other than those specified.8. R
18、esistance to Intergranular Corrosion8.1 All austenitic grades in the annealed condition orannealed and lightly drafted condition shall be capable ofpassing Practice E of Practices A262. When SupplementaryRequirement S1 is invoked, all austenitic grades shall be testedand pass Practice E of Practices
19、 A262.9. Packaging and Package Marking9.1 PackagingCoils shall be bundled or boxed in such amanner as to assure safe delivery to their destination whenproperly transported by any common carrier.9.2 MarkingsEach lift, bundle, or box shall be properlytagged with durable tags (metal, plastic, or equiva
20、lent), show-ing size, grade, cold-heading wire, condition coating, heatnumber, and ASTM A493.10. Keywords10.1 austenitic stainless steel; ferritic stainless steel; mar-tensitic stainless steel; stainless steel cold forging wire; stain-less steel cold heading wireTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsGrade Co
21、mposition, %AUNSDesignationAISITypeCarbon Manga-nesePhos-phorusSulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Copper Molyb-denumNitrogen OtherElementsAustenitic GradesS 30200 302 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 1.00 0.10S 30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 8.010.5 1.00 0.10S 30403 304L 0.030
22、2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 8.012.0 1.00 0.10S 30430 0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 3.04.0S 30433 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 3.04.0S 30500 305 0.04 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 10.513.0 1.00S 31600 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 10.014.0 2.003.00 0.10S 316
23、03 316L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 10.014.0 2.003.00 0.10S 38400 384 0.04 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 15.017.0 17.019.0Ferritic GradesS 40940 0.06 1.00 0.045 0.040 1.00 10.511.7 0.50 Cb10XC0.75S 42900 429 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 14.016.0S 43000 430 0.04 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.018.0S 44401 .
24、 . . 0.025 1.00 0.040 0.030 . . . 17.519.5 1.00 1.752.50 0.035 Ti+Cb0.20+4(C+N)0.80S 44625B. . . 0.010B0.40 0.020 0.020 0.40 25.027.5 0.50 0.2 0.751.50 0.015BNi+Cu 0.5S 44700B. . . 0.010B0.30 0.025 0.020 0.20 28.030.0 0.15 0.15 3.54.2 0.020BC+N0.025S 44800B. . . 0.010B0.30 0.025 0.020 0.20 28.030.0
25、2.002.50 0.15 3.54.2 0.020BC+N0.025Martensitic GradesS 41000 410 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.513.5S 42010 . . . 0.150.30 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 13.515.0 0.350.85 0.400.85S 42030 . . . 0.30 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 12.014.0 2.003.00 1.003.00S 43100 431 0.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.017.0 1.252.50S 4400
26、4 440C 0.951.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 0.75 maxAMaximum, unless range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (. . .) appear in this table, there is no requirement and the element need not be determined or reported.BProduct analysis tolerance over the maximum limit for carbon and nitrogen to
27、 be 0.002 %.A493 162SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following may be required when the purchase order so specifies:S1. Austenitic GradesS1.1 Austenitic grades shall be tested and pass the test forintergranular susceptibility in accordance with Practice E ofPractices A262.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A0
28、1 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(A493 09 (2013) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved March 1, 2016.)(1) Corrected chemistry in Table 1 for UNS S30430.(2) Added S30433 to Tables 1 and 2.(3) Aligned wording in Footnote A in Table 1
29、to otherspecifications.TABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements for Lightly Drafted and Annealed WireNOTE 1 This table applies to sizes 0.100 in. (2.5 mm) and larger. For smaller sizes, similar mechanical properties apply to ferritic and martensiticgrades; however the producer should be consulted re
30、garding somewhat higher tensile properties applicable to austenitic grades.Grade As-Annealed Lightly DraftedUNS No. Type No. ksi max. MPa max. ksi max. MPa max.Austenitic GradesS 30200 302 95 655 105 725S 30400 304 90 620 105 725S 30403 304L 90 620 102 705S 30430 . . . 88 605 96 660S 30433 . . . 88
31、605 96 660S 30500 305 85 585 95 655S 31600 316 90 620 95 655S 31603 316L 85 585 93 640S 38400 384 80 550 85 585Ferritic GradesS 40940 409Cb 70 485 80 550S 42900 429 85 485 90 620S 43000 430 75 520 86 595S 44401 . . . 80 550 90 620S 44625 . . . 100 690 105 725S 44700 . . . 100 690 105 725S 44800 . .
32、. 100 690 105 725Martensitic GradesS 41000 410 82 565 85 585S 42010 . . . 100 690 105 725S 42030 . . . 110 760 115 795S 43100 431 110 760 115 795S 44004 440C 110 760 120 830A493 163ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item
33、mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical commit
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