1、Designation: C 1478M 08METRICStandard Specification forStorm Drain Resilient Connectors Between ReinforcedConcrete Storm Sewer Structures, Pipes, and LateralsMetric1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1478M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforig
2、inal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the minimum performance andmaterial
3、requirements for resilient connectors used for connec-tions between precast reinforced concrete storm sewer struc-tures conforming to Specification C 478 and pipes, and be-tween precast reinforced concrete pipe and laterals for stormdrainage systems.1.1.1 These connectors are designed to prevent soi
4、l migra-tion between the pipe and storm sewer structure, and betweenthe pipe and lateral.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly. This specification is the Metric counterpart of Specifica-tion C 1478.NOTE 1This specific
5、ation covers the design, material, and perfor-mance of the resilient connection only. Connections covered by thisspecification are adequate for hydrostatic pressures up to 41 kPa (4.3 m)without leakage when tested in accordance with Section 7. Infiltrationquantities for an installed system are depen
6、dent upon many factors otherthan the connections between storm sewer structures and pipe, andallowable quantities must be covered by other specifications and suitabletesting of the installed pipeline and system.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associat
7、ed with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use. For a specificwarning statement, see 7.2.4.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 493 Specificat
8、ion for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rodsfor Cold Heading and Cold ForgingA 666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austen-itic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat BarC 478 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Man-hole SectionsC 822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and
9、 RelatedProductsC 913 Specification for Precast Concrete Water and Waste-water StructuresD 395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompressionSetD 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD 471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD 543 Practices for Evaluati
10、ng the Resistance of Plastics toChemical ReagentsD 573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenF 624 Guide for Evaluation of Thermoplastic PolyurethaneSolids and Solutions for Biomedical ApplicationsD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCrackingin
11、 an Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD 1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD 2137 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyBrittlenessPoint of Flexible Polymers and Coated FabricsD 2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometerHardness1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pi
12、pe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.06 on Manholesand Specials.Current edition approved March 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 1478M 07.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orco
13、ntact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.NOTE 2For more infor
14、mation about wastewater structures, see Speci-fication C 913.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms relating to plastics and rubber shall be asdefined in Terminologies D 883 and D 1566, respectively.3.1.2 Terms relating to precast concrete pipe, manholes, andrelated products shall be as defined i
15、n Terminology C 822.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 connectorthe entire assembly, including resilientseals and metallic or nonmetallic mechanical devices, if any,used therein.3.2.2 lateralthe small diameter pipe connected to themain line pipe.3.2.3 pipethe inlet or outlet pi
16、pe connected to the man-hole.3.2.4 pipe stuba short section of pipe installed in thestructure as an inlet or outlet pipe, for future connection.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 All materials shall conform to the following require-ments:4.1.1 Resilient materials for connectors and filler rings shallbe
17、 manufactured from natural or synthetic rubber and shallconform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1. If a spliceis used in the manufacture of the seal, its strength shall be suchthat the seal shall withstand a 180 bend with no visibleseparation.4.2 Mechanical DevicesExpansion rings, tension ba
18、nds,and take-up devices used for mechanically compressing theresilient portion of the connector against the pipe or stormsewer structure shall be made from a material or materials incombination that will ensure durability, strength, resistance tocorrosion, and have properties that will ensure contin
19、uedresistance to leakage. All metallic mechanical devices, includ-ing castings and bolt assemblies used to mechanically deformresilient materials, shall be constructed of corrosion resistantmaterials meeting the physical properties and chemical com-position requirements of Specifications A 493 and A
20、 666, Type302 through Type 316.NOTE 3Experience has shown that successful performance of thisproduct depends on the type of bedding and backfill and the care in thefield installation of the manhole storm sewer structure and connectingpipes. The owner is cautioned to require inspection at the constru
21、ction site.5. Principles of Design5.1 The design of the connector shall be such that positiveseal is accomplished at two locations: (1) between the connec-tor and the storm sewer structure wall and (2) between theconnector and the pipe. The seal between the connector and thestorm sewer structure wal
22、l shall be made by either mechanicalmeans, compression of the resilient material between theoutside surface of the pipe and the pipe opening in the stormsewer structure wall, or by casting the connector integrallywith the storm sewer structure wall. The seal between theconnector and the pipe shall b
23、e made by mechanical means orby compression of the resilient material against the outside ofthe pipe. Resilient filler rings are not prohibited from beingused between the pipe and the connector to provide a seal.Whichever design is used, it shall be capable of maintaining aresilient, hydrostatic sea
24、l under the performance conditions inaccordance with Section 7. Devices used to effect mechanicalseals shall conform to the requirements specified in Section 4.5.2 For lateral to pipe connectors, the design of the connec-tor shall be such that a positive seal is accomplished at twolocations: (1) bet
25、ween the connector and the pipe wall and (2)between the connector and the lateral. The seal between theconnector and the pipe wall shall be made by either mechanicalmeans, compression, or by casting the connector integrallywith the pipe wall. The seal between the connector and thelateral shall be ma
26、de by either mechanical means or bycompression of the resilient material against the outside of thepipe. Resilient filler rings are not prohibited from being usedbetween the lateral and the connector to provide a seal.Connector design must not allow either lateral or connector toextend past the cyli
27、ndrical plane of the pipe inside diameter.The connector shall be capable of maintaining a resilienthydrostatic seal under the performance conditions in accor-dance with Section 7. Devices used to effect mechanical sealsshall conform to the requirements specified in Section 4.TABLE 1 Resilient Materi
28、al TestsTest Test RequirementsAASTM Test MethodChemical resistance: D 543, at 22C for 48 h1 N sulfuric acid no weight loss1 N hydrochloric acid no weight lossTensile strength 8 MPa, min D 412Elongation at break 350 %, minHardnessB6 5 from the connector manufacturers specified hardness D 2240 (Shore
29、A Durometer)Accelerated oven-aging decrease of 15 %, max, of original tensile strength D 573,706 1C for 7 daysdecrease of 20 %, max, of elongationCompression set decrease of 25 %, max, of original deflection D 395, Method B, at 70C for 22 hWater absorption increase of 10 %, max, of original by weigh
30、t D 471, immerse 19 by 25-mm specimen in distilled waterat 70C for 48 hOzone resistance rating 0 D 1149Low-temperature brittle point no fracture at -40C D 2137Tear resistance 34 kN/m D 624, Die BASpecimens shall be prepared from connector specimens and shall not be prepared from laboratory slabs or
31、by direct molding.BThe connector manufacturer shall select the hardness appropriate for each component of the connector. Thereafter, the hardness shall comply within the tolerancesin Table 1.C 1478M 0825.3 Pipe StubsOwners shall require that all pipe stubsinstalled to allow for future connections to
32、 storm sewerstructures be mechanically restrained from movement bymeans other than, and in addition to, the resilient connectors.6. Basis of Acceptance6.1 For diameter 914 mm and smaller, at least one connectorshall be tested for each 152 mm increment in diameter. Fordiameters larger than 914 mm, at
33、 least one connector shall betested for each 304 mm increment in diameter.6.2 The acceptability of the resilient connector shall bedetermined by the results of the physical tests prescribed in thisspecification, if and where required, and by inspection, todetermine whether the connector conforms to
34、the specificationwith regards to design and freedom from defects.6.3 When requested, a current certification shall be fur-nished as the basis of acceptance. The certification shall consistof the connector manufacturers test report, or statement by themanufacturer, accompanied by a copy of the test r
35、esults, thatthe resilient connector has been tested and inspected inaccordance with the provisions of Sections 4 and 7. Eachcertification so furnished shall be signed by the connectormanufacturer or an authorized agent.NOTE 4Certification shall be deemed current if it represents presentdesign and be
36、ars a date that is no more than five years older than thecurrent date.7. Test Methods and Requirements7.1 Install a pipe and the resilient connector to be tested inthe manhole base 1200 mm inside diameter or smaller. Subjectthe assembly to a hydrostatic pressure of 41 kPa (4.3 m) at thecenterline of
37、 the connector for a period of 10 min. Restrain thepipe against axial movement during the tests.7.1.1 Install a lateral and resilient connector to be tested intothe pipe. Subject the assembly to a hydrostatic pressure of 41kPa (4.3 m) at the centerline of the connector for a period of 10min. Restrai
38、n the lateral against axial movement during thetests.7.2 There shall be no leakage under any of the followingconditions, when subjected to a hydrostatic pressure of 41 kPa(4.3 m) for 10 min:7.2.1 Straight alignment of the pipe/lateral.7.2.2 Axial deflection of the pipe/lateral of at least 7 in anydi
39、rection.7.2.3 When the pipe is loaded in shear in accordance withthe requirements shown in Fig. 1.7.2.4 When the lateral is loaded in shear in accordance withthe loading requirements of Fig. 1 and does not exceed 25 mmof axial movement at the connector. (Note: Pressure is notprohibited from being re
40、lieved while deflecting or loading testsection.)7.3 Leakage shall be construed to mean freely drippingwater emanating at the interface between the connector andeither the manhole base, the pipe, or the lateral; between theconnector and the filler rings; or through the body of theconnector and the fi
41、ller rings; or through the body of theconnector itself.7.4 Moisture appearing at random locations on the base ofthe outlet in the form of patches or beads adhering to thesurfaces shall not be considered leakage.7.5 A delay of up to 24 h is not prohibited prior to makingobservations of leakage.8. Pro
42、duct Marking8.1 Each connector shall be marked legibly by the connectormanufacturer with the trade name and the size designation orpart number.9. Keywords9.1 design test method; marking; material requirementsacceptance criteria; product marking; resilient connectorASTM International takes no positio
43、n respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
44、This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM I
45、nternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address sho
46、wn below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 1 Shear Test RequirementsC 1478M 083
